Skip to main content

2011 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

7. Short Distance Wireless Communications

verfasst von : Robert Puers, Jef Thoné

Erschienen in: Bio-Medical CMOS ICs

Verlag: Springer US

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Since the publication of the first biomedical swallowable telemetry device in 1957, an immense evolution has taken place in biomedical monitoring, stimulation and instrumentation, that would have been impossible without the use of wireless information transmission. The first section gives an overview of wireless methods for transmitting information to and from biomedical implants, followed by a practical introduction on analog and digital modulation methods, in a historical perspective. Next, methods are presented briefly for compressing the amount of transmitted information, as well as rendering the transmitted information more error-resistant. Being a design hurdle in many biomedical telemetry designs, the trade-off between antenna sizing and carrier selection is discussed. Finally, an overview is given of several published or commercial biomedical telemetry applications, with a focus on wireless transmission.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Alferness C.A., Programmable body stimulator, U.S. Patent 4 066 086, Sep 1976 Alferness C.A., Programmable body stimulator, U.S. Patent 4 066 086, Sep 1976
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Arabi K., Sawan M., (1995), A secure communication protocol for externally controlled implantable devices In: Engineering in medicine and biology society, 1995. IEEE 17th Ann Conf 2: 1661–1662 Sep 1995 Arabi K., Sawan M., (1995), A secure communication protocol for externally controlled implantable devices In: Engineering in medicine and biology society, 1995. IEEE 17th Ann Conf 2: 1661–1662 Sep 1995
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Armstrong E., (1936), A method of reducing disturbances in radio signaling by a system of frequency modulation. Proc IRE 24(5):689–740, May 1936CrossRefMathSciNet Armstrong E., (1936), A method of reducing disturbances in radio signaling by a system of frequency modulation. Proc IRE 24(5):689–740, May 1936CrossRefMathSciNet
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Puers R., Sansen W., (1985) A dedicated processing and control IC for pressure telemetry. In: Proceedings of IEEE CICC Portland, 1985, pp 144–146 Puers R., Sansen W., (1985) A dedicated processing and control IC for pressure telemetry. In: Proceedings of IEEE CICC Portland, 1985, pp 144–146
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Balanis C., (2005) Antenna Theory, 3rd edn. Wiley, Hoboken, New Jersey, 2005 Balanis C., (2005) Antenna Theory, 3rd edn. Wiley, Hoboken, New Jersey, 2005
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Bang S., Park J.Y., Jeong S., Kim Y.H., Shim H.B., Kim T.S., Lee D.H., Song S.Y. (2009) First clinical trial of the miro capsule endoscope by using a novel transmission technology: electric-field propagation. Gastrointest Endosc, 69(2):253–259. Bang S., Park J.Y., Jeong S., Kim Y.H., Shim H.B., Kim T.S., Lee D.H., Song S.Y. (2009) First clinical trial of the miro capsule endoscope by using a novel transmission technology: electric-field propagation. Gastrointest Endosc, 69(2):253–259.
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Barker P. (1966), Pressure sensor, U.S. Patent 3 240 207, Mar 1966 Barker P. (1966), Pressure sensor, U.S. Patent 3 240 207, Mar 1966
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Bettesh I. (2006), Modulator and method for producing a modulated signal, U.S. Patent 2006/0 280 258, Dec 2006 Bettesh I. (2006), Modulator and method for producing a modulated signal, U.S. Patent 2006/0 280 258, Dec 2006
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Bolton E.K., Sayler G.S., Nivens D.E., Rochelle J.M., Ripp S., Simpson M.L. (2002), Integrated cmos photodetectors and signal processing for very low-level chemical sensing with the bioluminescent bioreporter integrated circuit Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 85(1–2) 179–185 Bolton E.K., Sayler G.S., Nivens D.E., Rochelle J.M., Ripp S., Simpson M.L. (2002), Integrated cmos photodetectors and signal processing for very low-level chemical sensing with the bioluminescent bioreporter integrated circuit Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 85(1–2) 179–185
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Bowers D.L. (1964), Controllable electric body tissue stimulators, U.S. Patent 3 311 111, Aug 1964 Bowers D.L. (1964), Controllable electric body tissue stimulators, U.S. Patent 3 311 111, Aug 1964
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Bronzino J.D. (2000), The biomedical engineering handbook, 2nd edn. CRC Press, Florida Bronzino J.D. (2000), The biomedical engineering handbook, 2nd edn. CRC Press, Florida
16.
Zurück zum Zitat McCaffrey C., Chevalerias O., Mathuna C.O., Twomey K. (2008), Swallowable-capsule technology, Perv Comput, 7(1):23–29, Jan 2008CrossRef McCaffrey C., Chevalerias O., Mathuna C.O., Twomey K. (2008), Swallowable-capsule technology, Perv Comput, 7(1):23–29, Jan 2008CrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Callewaert L., Puers B., Sansen W., Jarvis J.C., Salmons S. (1991), Programmable implantable device for investigating the adaptive response of skeletal muscle to chronic electrical stimulation, Med Biol Eng Comput 29(5):548–553, Sep 1991CrossRef Callewaert L., Puers B., Sansen W., Jarvis J.C., Salmons S. (1991), Programmable implantable device for investigating the adaptive response of skeletal muscle to chronic electrical stimulation, Med Biol Eng Comput 29(5):548–553, Sep 1991CrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Carson J.R. (1922), Notes on the theory of modulation. Proc. IRE 10(1):57–64, 1922CrossRef Carson J.R. (1922), Notes on the theory of modulation. Proc. IRE 10(1):57–64, 1922CrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Carta R., Tortora G., Thone J., Lenaerts B., Valdastri P., Menciassi A., Dario P., Puers R. (2009), Wireless powering for a self-propelled and steerable endoscopic capsule for stomach inspection, Biosensors Bioelectronics, 25(4):845–851 Carta R., Tortora G., Thone J., Lenaerts B., Valdastri P., Menciassi A., Dario P., Puers R. (2009), Wireless powering for a self-propelled and steerable endoscopic capsule for stomach inspection, Biosensors Bioelectronics, 25(4):845–851
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Casadei F.W., Gerold M., Baldinger E. (1972), Overview of biomedical telemetry techniques. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 19(5):334–341CrossRef Casadei F.W., Gerold M., Baldinger E. (1972), Overview of biomedical telemetry techniques. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 19(5):334–341CrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Chu L. (1948), Physical limitations in omnidirectional antennas. J Appl Phys 19(12):1163–1175CrossRef Chu L. (1948), Physical limitations in omnidirectional antennas. J Appl Phys 19(12):1163–1175CrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Colpitts E. (1918), Oscillation generator, U.S. Patent 1 624 537, Feb 1918 Colpitts E. (1918), Oscillation generator, U.S. Patent 1 624 537, Feb 1918
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Connel A., Rowlands E. (1960), Wireless telemetering from the digestive tract. Gut, 1:266–272CrossRef Connel A., Rowlands E. (1960), Wireless telemetering from the digestive tract. Gut, 1:266–272CrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Coosemans J., Puers R. (2005), An autonomous bladder pressure monitoring system. Sensors Actuators A: Physical 123–124:155–161 Coosemans J., Puers R. (2005), An autonomous bladder pressure monitoring system. Sensors Actuators A: Physical 123–124:155–161
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Coosemans J. (2008), Wireless and battery-less medical monitoring devices. Ph.D. dissertation, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Faculteit Ingenieurswetenschappen Coosemans J. (2008), Wireless and battery-less medical monitoring devices. Ph.D. dissertation, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Faculteit Ingenieurswetenschappen
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Coosemans J., Hermans B., Puers R. (2006), Integrating wireless ECG monitoring in textiles. Sensors Actuators A: Physical, 130–131:48–53CrossRef Coosemans J., Hermans B., Puers R. (2006), Integrating wireless ECG monitoring in textiles. Sensors Actuators A: Physical, 130–131:48–53CrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Donaldson N.d.N., Perkins T. (1983), Analysis of resonant coupled coils in the radio frequency transcutaneous links. Med Biol Eng Comput 21:612–627CrossRef Donaldson N.d.N., Perkins T. (1983), Analysis of resonant coupled coils in the radio frequency transcutaneous links. Med Biol Eng Comput 21:612–627CrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Van Gossum A. et al., Capsule endoscopy vs. colonoscopy for the detection of polyps and cancer. New Engl J Med 361(3):264–270, July 2009 Van Gossum A. et al., Capsule endoscopy vs. colonoscopy for the detection of polyps and cancer. New Engl J Med 361(3):264–270, July 2009
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Etsi en 301-839-1; electromagnetic compatibility and radio spectrum matters (erm); short range devices (srd); ultra low power active medical implants (ulp-ami) and peripherals (ulp-ami-p) operating in the frequency range 402 mhz to 405 mhz; part 1: Technical characteristics and test methods.” [Online]. Available: pda.etsi.org/pda/home.asp?wki id=hex-Tn6e2xhjnkjo08%27vB Etsi en 301-839-1; electromagnetic compatibility and radio spectrum matters (erm); short range devices (srd); ultra low power active medical implants (ulp-ami) and peripherals (ulp-ami-p) operating in the frequency range 402 mhz to 405 mhz; part 1: Technical characteristics and test methods.” [Online]. Available: pda.etsi.org/pda/home.asp?wki id=hex-Tn6e2xhjnkjo08%27vB
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Finkenzeller K. (2003), RFID Handbook, 2nd edn. Wiley, West Sussex, EnglandCrossRef Finkenzeller K. (2003), RFID Handbook, 2nd edn. Wiley, West Sussex, EnglandCrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Ghovanloo M., Najafi K. (2004), A wideband frequency-shift keying wireless link for inductively powered biomedical implants. Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers. IEEE Trans 51(12):2374–2383, Dec 2004 Ghovanloo M., Najafi K. (2004), A wideband frequency-shift keying wireless link for inductively powered biomedical implants. Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers. IEEE Trans 51(12):2374–2383, Dec 2004
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Grevious J.J. (1998), Efficient high data rate telemetry format for implanted medical device. U.S. Patent 5 752 977, May, 1998 Grevious J.J. (1998), Efficient high data rate telemetry format for implanted medical device. U.S. Patent 5 752 977, May, 1998
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Guillory K., Misener A., Pungor A. (2004), Hybrid RF/IR transcutaneous telemetry for power and high-bandwidth data. In: Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, IEMBS’04. 26th Annual Int Conf IEEE 2:4338–4340, Sept 2004 Guillory K., Misener A., Pungor A. (2004), Hybrid RF/IR transcutaneous telemetry for power and high-bandwidth data. In: Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, IEMBS’04. 26th Annual Int Conf IEEE 2:4338–4340, Sept 2004
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Halperin D., Heydt-Benjamin T., Ransford B., Clark S., Defend B., Morgan W., Fu K., Kohno T., Maisel W., Pacemakers and implantable cardiac defibrillators: Software radio attacks and zero-power defenses. In: Security and Privacy, 2008. SP 2008. IEEE Sympos, 129–142, May 2008 Halperin D., Heydt-Benjamin T., Ransford B., Clark S., Defend B., Morgan W., Fu K., Kohno T., Maisel W., Pacemakers and implantable cardiac defibrillators: Software radio attacks and zero-power defenses. In: Security and Privacy, 2008. SP 2008. IEEE Sympos, 129–142, May 2008
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Van Ham J., Puers R. (2008), A power and data front-end IC for biomedical monitoring systems. Sensors Actuators A: Physical 147(2):641–648. FCC Van Ham J., Puers R. (2008), A power and data front-end IC for biomedical monitoring systems. Sensors Actuators A: Physical 147(2):641–648. FCC
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Hambrecht F.T. (1963), A multichannel electroencephalographic telemetering system. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, RLE Technical Report 413 Hambrecht F.T. (1963), A multichannel electroencephalographic telemetering system. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, RLE Technical Report 413
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Hartley R. (1915), Oscillation generator. U.S. Patent 1 356 763, June, 1915 Hartley R. (1915), Oscillation generator. U.S. Patent 1 356 763, June, 1915
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Haykin S. (2001), Communication systems, 4th edn. Wiley, New York Haykin S. (2001), Communication systems, 4th edn. Wiley, New York
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Heetderks W. (1988), RF powering of millimeter- and submillimeter-sized neural prosthetic implants., IEEE Trans Biomed Eng, 35(5):323–327, May 1988CrossRef Heetderks W. (1988), RF powering of millimeter- and submillimeter-sized neural prosthetic implants., IEEE Trans Biomed Eng, 35(5):323–327, May 1988CrossRef
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Huffman D.A. (1952), A method for the construction of minimum-redundancy codes. Proc. IRE. 40:1098–1101CrossRef Huffman D.A. (1952), A method for the construction of minimum-redundancy codes. Proc. IRE. 40:1098–1101CrossRef
44.
Zurück zum Zitat ICNIRP. Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic, and electromagneticfields (up to 300 Ghz). Health Phy 74(4):494–522, 1998 ICNIRP. Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic, and electromagneticfields (up to 300 Ghz). Health Phy 74(4):494–522, 1998
45.
Zurück zum Zitat IEEE. IEEE std c95.1 - 2005 IEEE standard for safety levels with respect to human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields, 3 khz to 300 ghz. IEEE Std C95.1-2005 (Revision of IEEE Std C95.1-1991), pp. 1–238, 2006 IEEE. IEEE std c95.1 - 2005 IEEE standard for safety levels with respect to human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields, 3 khz to 300 ghz. IEEE Std C95.1-2005 (Revision of IEEE Std C95.1-1991), pp. 1–238, 2006
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Istepanian R., Woodward B. (1997), Microcontroller-based underwater acoustic ECG telemetry system. IEEE Trans Inform Technol Biomed 1(2):150–154, June 1997CrossRef Istepanian R., Woodward B. (1997), Microcontroller-based underwater acoustic ECG telemetry system. IEEE Trans Inform Technol Biomed 1(2):150–154, June 1997CrossRef
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Jaffe R., Rechtin E. (1955). Design and performance of phase-lock circuits capable of nearoptimum performance over a wide range of input signal and noise levels. IRE Trans Inform Theory 1(1):66–76, March 1955CrossRef Jaffe R., Rechtin E. (1955). Design and performance of phase-lock circuits capable of nearoptimum performance over a wide range of input signal and noise levels. IRE Trans Inform Theory 1(1):66–76, March 1955CrossRef
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Jeutter D.C. (1983), Overview of biomedical telemetry techniques, Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine. 2(1):17–24, 1983CrossRef Jeutter D.C. (1983), Overview of biomedical telemetry techniques, Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine. 2(1):17–24, 1983CrossRef
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Johnson C., Guy A. (1972), Nonionizing electromagnetic wave effects in biological materials and systems., Proc IEEE 60:692–720CrossRef Johnson C., Guy A. (1972), Nonionizing electromagnetic wave effects in biological materials and systems., Proc IEEE 60:692–720CrossRef
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Jourand P., De Clercq H., Corthout R., Puers R. (2009), Textile integrated breathing and ECG monitoring system Procedia Chemistry 1(1):722–725, proceedings of the Eurosensors XXIII conference Jourand P., De Clercq H., Corthout R., Puers R. (2009), Textile integrated breathing and ECG monitoring system Procedia Chemistry 1(1):722–725, proceedings of the Eurosensors XXIII conference
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Judy J.W., Markovi D. (2009), Guest editorial special section on wireless neural interfaces. IEEE Trans Neural Sys Rehabil Eng 17(4):309–311, Aug 2009CrossRef Judy J.W., Markovi D. (2009), Guest editorial special section on wireless neural interfaces. IEEE Trans Neural Sys Rehabil Eng 17(4):309–311, Aug 2009CrossRef
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Kim T.S. (2002), A method for communication between inside and outside of a transmission medium using the transmission medium as a communication line. U.S. Patent 7 307 544 B2, May 2002 Kim T.S. (2002), A method for communication between inside and outside of a transmission medium using the transmission medium as a communication line. U.S. Patent 7 307 544 B2, May 2002
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Klein F., Davis D. (1976), A low power 4-channel physiological radio telemetry system for use in surgical patient monitoring. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 23:478–481CrossRef Klein F., Davis D. (1976), A low power 4-channel physiological radio telemetry system for use in surgical patient monitoring. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 23:478–481CrossRef
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Ko W., Liang S., Fung C. (1977), Design of radio-frequency powered coils for implant instruments. Med Biol Eng Comput 15:634–640CrossRef Ko W., Liang S., Fung C. (1977), Design of radio-frequency powered coils for implant instruments. Med Biol Eng Comput 15:634–640CrossRef
56.
Zurück zum Zitat Lee T., Hajimiri A. (2000), Oscillator phase noise: a tutorial. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits 35(3):326–336, Mar 2000CrossRef Lee T., Hajimiri A. (2000), Oscillator phase noise: a tutorial. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits 35(3):326–336, Mar 2000CrossRef
57.
Zurück zum Zitat Lenaerts B., Puers R. (2007), An inductive power link for a wireless endoscope. Biosens Bioelectron 22(7):1390–1395. Lenaerts B., Puers R. (2007), An inductive power link for a wireless endoscope. Biosens Bioelectron 22(7):1390–1395.
58.
Zurück zum Zitat Liew H.C., Chan E. (1993), Biotelemetry of green turtles (chelonia mydas) in pulau redang, Malaysia, during the internesting period. Proc 12th Int Sympos Biotel. 157–163 Liew H.C., Chan E. (1993), Biotelemetry of green turtles (chelonia mydas) in pulau redang, Malaysia, during the internesting period. Proc 12th Int Sympos Biotel. 157–163
59.
Zurück zum Zitat Lin W.C., Pillay S.K. (1974), A micropower pulsewidth-modulation-pulse-position modulation two-channel telemetry system for biomedical applications. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 21(4):273–280CrossRef Lin W.C., Pillay S.K. (1974), A micropower pulsewidth-modulation-pulse-position modulation two-channel telemetry system for biomedical applications. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 21(4):273–280CrossRef
60.
Zurück zum Zitat Loeb G., Zamin C., Schulman J., Troyk P. (1991), Injectable microstimulator for functional electrical stimulation, Med Biol Eng Comput 29:13–19CrossRef Loeb G., Zamin C., Schulman J., Troyk P. (1991), Injectable microstimulator for functional electrical stimulation, Med Biol Eng Comput 29:13–19CrossRef
61.
Zurück zum Zitat Lopez A. (2006), Fundamental limitations of small antennas: validation of Wheeler’s formulas. Antennas Propagat Mag. IEEE 48(4):28–36, Aug 2006CrossRef Lopez A. (2006), Fundamental limitations of small antennas: validation of Wheeler’s formulas. Antennas Propagat Mag. IEEE 48(4):28–36, Aug 2006CrossRef
62.
Zurück zum Zitat Mackay S.R. (1998), Bio-medical telemetry: sensing and transmitting biological information from animals and man, 2nd edn. Wiley, New york Mackay S.R. (1998), Bio-medical telemetry: sensing and transmitting biological information from animals and man, 2nd edn. Wiley, New york
63.
Zurück zum Zitat Mackay R., Jackobson B. (1957), Endoradiosonde Nature 179:1239–1240, June 1957CrossRef Mackay R., Jackobson B. (1957), Endoradiosonde Nature 179:1239–1240, June 1957CrossRef
64.
Zurück zum Zitat Marin D., Troosters M., Martinez I., Valderrama E., Aguilo J. (1999), New developments for high performance implantable stimulators: first 3 Mbps up to 4.46 Mbps demodulator chip through a wireless transcutaneous link. In: Microelectronics for neural, fuzzy and bio-inspired systems. Proc Seventh Int Conf MicroNeuro ’99, pp 120–126 Marin D., Troosters M., Martinez I., Valderrama E., Aguilo J. (1999), New developments for high performance implantable stimulators: first 3 Mbps up to 4.46 Mbps demodulator chip through a wireless transcutaneous link. In: Microelectronics for neural, fuzzy and bio-inspired systems. Proc Seventh Int Conf MicroNeuro ’99, pp 120–126
66.
Zurück zum Zitat Medical devices radiocommunications service. [Online]. Available: wireless.fcc.gov/services/index.htm?job=service home&id=medical implant Medical devices radiocommunications service. [Online]. Available: wireless.fcc.gov/services/index.htm?job=service home&id=medical implant
69.
Zurück zum Zitat Miron B.D., Small antenna design, 1st edn. Elsevier, Oxford, UK Miron B.D., Small antenna design, 1st edn. Elsevier, Oxford, UK
70.
Zurück zum Zitat Mueller J., Nagle H. (1996), Feasibility of inductive powering of miniature lowpower biotelemetry for use with microfabricated biomedical sensors. Proc 13th Int Sympos Biotelemetry 371–377 Mueller J., Nagle H. (1996), Feasibility of inductive powering of miniature lowpower biotelemetry for use with microfabricated biomedical sensors. Proc 13th Int Sympos Biotelemetry 371–377
71.
Zurück zum Zitat Nagumo J. (1960), Telemetering system for physiological measurements. U. S. Patent 3 229–684, Dec 1960 Nagumo J. (1960), Telemetering system for physiological measurements. U. S. Patent 3 229–684, Dec 1960
72.
Zurück zum Zitat Nardin M., Ziaie B., Arx V.J., Coghlan A., Dokmeci M., Najafi K. (1996), An inductively powered microstimulator for functional neuromuscular stimulation. Proc 13th Int Sympos Biotelemet 99–104 Nardin M., Ziaie B., Arx V.J., Coghlan A., Dokmeci M., Najafi K. (1996), An inductively powered microstimulator for functional neuromuscular stimulation. Proc 13th Int Sympos Biotelemet 99–104
73.
Zurück zum Zitat Ohta J., Kagawa K., Tokuda T., Nunoshita M. (2005), Retinal prosthesis device based on pulse frequency-modulation vision chip. ISCAS 2005. IEEE Int Sympos Circuits Sys 3:2923–2926, May 2005CrossRef Ohta J., Kagawa K., Tokuda T., Nunoshita M. (2005), Retinal prosthesis device based on pulse frequency-modulation vision chip. ISCAS 2005. IEEE Int Sympos Circuits Sys 3:2923–2926, May 2005CrossRef
74.
Zurück zum Zitat Oliver B., Pierce J., Shannon C. (1948), The philosophy of PCM Proc IRE 36(11):1324–1331CrossRef Oliver B., Pierce J., Shannon C. (1948), The philosophy of PCM Proc IRE 36(11):1324–1331CrossRef
75.
Zurück zum Zitat Olsson R.H.I., Wise K. (2005), A three-dimensional neural recording microsystem with implantable data compression circuitry. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits 40(12):2796–2804, Dec 2005CrossRef Olsson R.H.I., Wise K. (2005), A three-dimensional neural recording microsystem with implantable data compression circuitry. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits 40(12):2796–2804, Dec 2005CrossRef
76.
Zurück zum Zitat Pitsillides K., Symons J., Longhurst J. (1992), Biotelemetry of cardiovascular hemodynamic measurements in miniswine IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 39:982–986CrossRef Pitsillides K., Symons J., Longhurst J. (1992), Biotelemetry of cardiovascular hemodynamic measurements in miniswine IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 39:982–986CrossRef
77.
Zurück zum Zitat Puers R., Catrysse M., Vandevoorde G., Collier J.R., Louridas E., Burny F., Donkerwolcke M., Moulart F. (2000), A telemetry system for the detection of hip prosthesis loosening by vibration analysis. Sensors Actuators A: Physic,85(1–3):42–47. Puers R., Catrysse M., Vandevoorde G., Collier J.R., Louridas E., Burny F., Donkerwolcke M., Moulart F. (2000), A telemetry system for the detection of hip prosthesis loosening by vibration analysis. Sensors Actuators A: Physic,85(1–3):42–47.
78.
Zurück zum Zitat Rizk M., Obeid I., Callender H.S., Wolf D.P. (2007), A single-chip signal processing and telemetry engine for an implantable 96-channel neural data acquisition system. J Neural Eng 4(3):309. Rizk M., Obeid I., Callender H.S., Wolf D.P. (2007), A single-chip signal processing and telemetry engine for an implantable 96-channel neural data acquisition system. J Neural Eng 4(3):309.
79.
Zurück zum Zitat Robrock R., Ko W. (1967), A six channel physiological telemetry system. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 14(1):40–46CrossRef Robrock R., Ko W. (1967), A six channel physiological telemetry system. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 14(1):40–46CrossRef
80.
Zurück zum Zitat Schuder J., Stephenson H., Townsend J. (1961), High-level electromagnetic energy transfer through a closed chest wall. IRE Int Conv Record 9:119–126 Schuder J., Stephenson H., Townsend J. (1961), High-level electromagnetic energy transfer through a closed chest wall. IRE Int Conv Record 9:119–126
81.
Zurück zum Zitat Schuylenbergh K., Peeters E., Puers R., Sansen W., Neetens A. (1991), An implantable telemetric tonometer for direct intraocular pressure measurements. Abstracts 1st Eur Conf Biomed Eng 194–195 Schuylenbergh K., Peeters E., Puers R., Sansen W., Neetens A. (1991), An implantable telemetric tonometer for direct intraocular pressure measurements. Abstracts 1st Eur Conf Biomed Eng 194–195
82.
Zurück zum Zitat Schuylenbergh K.V., Puers R. (2009), Inductive Powering, 1st edn. Springer, Dordrecht Schuylenbergh K.V., Puers R. (2009), Inductive Powering, 1st edn. Springer, Dordrecht
83.
Zurück zum Zitat Sedra S.A., Smith C.K. (1998), Microelectronic Circuits, 4th edn. Oxford University Press Sedra S.A., Smith C.K. (1998), Microelectronic Circuits, 4th edn. Oxford University Press
85.
Zurück zum Zitat Simpson L.M., Sayler S.G., Patterson G., Nivens E.D., Bolton K.E., Rochelle M.J., Arnott C.J., Applegate M.B., Ripp S., Guillorn A.M. (2001), An integrated CMOS microluminometer for low-level luminescence sensing in the bioluminescent bioreporter integrated circuit. Sensors Actuators B: Chemic, 72(2):134–140 Simpson L.M., Sayler S.G., Patterson G., Nivens E.D., Bolton K.E., Rochelle M.J., Arnott C.J., Applegate M.B., Ripp S., Guillorn A.M. (2001), An integrated CMOS microluminometer for low-level luminescence sensing in the bioluminescent bioreporter integrated circuit. Sensors Actuators B: Chemic, 72(2):134–140
86.
Zurück zum Zitat Skutt R., Fell B.R., Kertzer R. (1970), A multichannel telemetry system for use in exercise physiology. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 17(4):40–46CrossRef Skutt R., Fell B.R., Kertzer R. (1970), A multichannel telemetry system for use in exercise physiology. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 17(4):40–46CrossRef
87.
Zurück zum Zitat Slater A., Bellet A., Kilpatrick G.D. (1969), Instrumentation for telemetering the electrocardiogram from scuba divers. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng BME-16(2):148–151, April 1969CrossRef Slater A., Bellet A., Kilpatrick G.D. (1969), Instrumentation for telemetering the electrocardiogram from scuba divers. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng BME-16(2):148–151, April 1969CrossRef
88.
Zurück zum Zitat Smith G. (1972), Radiation efficiency of electrically small multiturn loop antennas Antenna Propagat, IEEE Trans 20(5):656–657, Sep 1972 Smith G. (1972), Radiation efficiency of electrically small multiturn loop antennas Antenna Propagat, IEEE Trans 20(5):656–657, Sep 1972
89.
Zurück zum Zitat Sodagar A., Amiri P. (2009), Capacitive coupling for power and data telemetry to implantable biomedical microsystems. NER ’09. 4th Int IEEE/EMBS Conf Neural Eng, 411–414, May 2009 Sodagar A., Amiri P. (2009), Capacitive coupling for power and data telemetry to implantable biomedical microsystems. NER ’09. 4th Int IEEE/EMBS Conf Neural Eng, 411–414, May 2009
90.
Zurück zum Zitat Song S.J., Cho N., Yoo H.-J. (2007), A 0.2-mw 2-Mbps digital transceiver based on wideband signaling for human body communications. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits. 42(9):2021–2033, Sept 2007CrossRef Song S.J., Cho N., Yoo H.-J. (2007), A 0.2-mw 2-Mbps digital transceiver based on wideband signaling for human body communications. IEEE J Solid-State Circuits. 42(9):2021–2033, Sept 2007CrossRef
91.
Zurück zum Zitat Song Y.-K., Patterson W., Bull C., Borton D., Li Y., Nurmikko A., Simeral J. (2007), A brain implantable microsystem with hybrid RF/IR telemetry for advanced neuroengineering applications. Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. EMBS 2007. 29th Ann Int Conf IEEE 445–448, Aug 2007 Song Y.-K., Patterson W., Bull C., Borton D., Li Y., Nurmikko A., Simeral J. (2007), A brain implantable microsystem with hybrid RF/IR telemetry for advanced neuroengineering applications. Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. EMBS 2007. 29th Ann Int Conf IEEE 445–448, Aug 2007
92.
Zurück zum Zitat Sweeney P. (2002), Error control coding: from theory to practice, 1st edn. Wiley, West Sussex, England Sweeney P. (2002), Error control coding: from theory to practice, 1st edn. Wiley, West Sussex, England
93.
Zurück zum Zitat Terman F.E. (1943), Radio Eng Handbook, 1st edn. McGraw-Hill, New York Terman F.E. (1943), Radio Eng Handbook, 1st edn. McGraw-Hill, New York
94.
Zurück zum Zitat Terry J. (1973), Implantable cardiac pacer having adjustable operating parameters. U.S. Patent 3 805 796, Jan 1973 Terry J. (1973), Implantable cardiac pacer having adjustable operating parameters. U.S. Patent 3 805 796, Jan 1973
95.
Zurück zum Zitat Low power wireless RF Texas Instruments. [Online]. Available: focus.ti.com/analog/docs/rfifcomponentshome.tsp?familyId=367&contentType=4 Low power wireless RF Texas Instruments. [Online]. Available: focus.ti.com/analog/docs/rfifcomponentshome.tsp?familyId=367&contentType=4
96.
Zurück zum Zitat Thoné J., Puers R. (2009), Implement a simple digital-serial NRZ data-recovery algorithm in an FPGA. Electron Des. News 42–43, June 2009 Thoné J., Puers R. (2009), Implement a simple digital-serial NRZ data-recovery algorithm in an FPGA. Electron Des. News 42–43, June 2009
97.
Zurück zum Zitat Thoné J., Radiom S., Turgis D., Carta R., Gielen G., Puers R. (2009), Design of a 2Mbps FSK near-field transmitter for wireless capsule endoscopy. Sensors Actuators A: Physical, 156(1):43–48CrossRef Thoné J., Radiom S., Turgis D., Carta R., Gielen G., Puers R. (2009), Design of a 2Mbps FSK near-field transmitter for wireless capsule endoscopy. Sensors Actuators A: Physical, 156(1):43–48CrossRef
99.
Zurück zum Zitat Tjensvold M.J. (2007), Comparison of the IEEE 802.11, 802.15.1, 802.15.4 and 802.15.6 wireless standards. Sep 2007. [Online]. Available: janmagnet.files.wordpress.com/2008/07/comparison-ieee-802-standards.pdf Tjensvold M.J. (2007), Comparison of the IEEE 802.11, 802.15.1, 802.15.4 and 802.15.6 wireless standards. Sep 2007. [Online]. Available: janmagnet.files.wordpress.com/2008/07/comparison-ieee-802-standards.pdf
100.
Zurück zum Zitat Turcza P., Zieliski T., Duplaga M. (2008), Hardware implementation aspects of new low complexity image coding algorithm for wireless capsule endoscopy. Proc Comput Sci ICCS 2008, 476–485 Turcza P., Zieliski T., Duplaga M. (2008), Hardware implementation aspects of new low complexity image coding algorithm for wireless capsule endoscopy. Proc Comput Sci ICCS 2008, 476–485
101.
Zurück zum Zitat Turgis D., Puers R. (2005), Image compression in video radio transmission for capsule endoscopy. Sensors Actuators A: Physical 123–124:129–136 Turgis D., Puers R. (2005), Image compression in video radio transmission for capsule endoscopy. Sensors Actuators A: Physical 123–124:129–136
102.
Zurück zum Zitat Van Ham J., Reynders Frederix P., Puers R. (2007), An autonomous implantable distraction nail controlled by an inductive power and data link. Actuators and Microsystems TRANSDUCERS 2007. Int Conf Solid-State Sensors 427–430, June 2007 Van Ham J., Reynders Frederix P., Puers R. (2007), An autonomous implantable distraction nail controlled by an inductive power and data link. Actuators and Microsystems TRANSDUCERS 2007. Int Conf Solid-State Sensors 427–430, June 2007
103.
Zurück zum Zitat Viterbi A. (1967), Error bounds for convolutional codes and an asymptotically optimum decoding algorithm. IEEE Trans Inform Theory 13(2):260–269, Apr 1967MATHCrossRef Viterbi A. (1967), Error bounds for convolutional codes and an asymptotically optimum decoding algorithm. IEEE Trans Inform Theory 13(2):260–269, Apr 1967MATHCrossRef
104.
Zurück zum Zitat Sansen W., Puers R., Govaerts R. (1984), Design and realisation of an ultra-miniature hybrid for a pressure telemetry capsule. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Microelectronics Tokyo pp. 406–409 Sansen W., Puers R., Govaerts R. (1984), Design and realisation of an ultra-miniature hybrid for a pressure telemetry capsule. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Microelectronics Tokyo pp. 406–409
105.
Zurück zum Zitat Wang G., Liu W., Sivaprakasam W., Zhou M., Weiland J., Humayun M. (2005), A wireless phase shift keying transmitter with q-independent phase transition time. Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE-EMBS 2005. 27th Ann Int Conf 5238–5241, Jan. 2005 Wang G., Liu W., Sivaprakasam W., Zhou M., Weiland J., Humayun M. (2005), A wireless phase shift keying transmitter with q-independent phase transition time. Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE-EMBS 2005. 27th Ann Int Conf 5238–5241, Jan. 2005
106.
Zurück zum Zitat Wang G., Liu W., Sivaprakasam W., Zhou M., Weiland J., Humayun M. A dual band wireless power and data telemetry for retinal prosthesis. Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2006. EMBS ’06. 28th Ann Int Conf IEEE, Sept 2006 pp 4392–4395 Wang G., Liu W., Sivaprakasam W., Zhou M., Weiland J., Humayun M. A dual band wireless power and data telemetry for retinal prosthesis. Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2006. EMBS ’06. 28th Ann Int Conf IEEE, Sept 2006 pp 4392–4395
107.
Zurück zum Zitat Watson B.W., Ross B., Kay A.W. (1962), Telemetering from within the body using a pressuresensitive radio pill. Gut 3:181–186CrossRef Watson B.W., Ross B., Kay A.W. (1962), Telemetering from within the body using a pressuresensitive radio pill. Gut 3:181–186CrossRef
108.
Zurück zum Zitat Wheeler H. Simple inductance formulas for radio coils. Proc IRE 16(10):1398–1400, Oct 1928CrossRef Wheeler H. Simple inductance formulas for radio coils. Proc IRE 16(10):1398–1400, Oct 1928CrossRef
109.
Zurück zum Zitat Wheeler H. (1947) Fundamental limitations of small antennas. Proc IRE 35(12):1479–1484 Wheeler H. (1947) Fundamental limitations of small antennas. Proc IRE 35(12):1479–1484
111.
Zurück zum Zitat Wolcott G.T., Hines H.A. (1989), Ultrasonic biotelemetry of muscle activity from free-ranging marine animals: a new method for studying foraging by blue crabs (callinectes sapidus) Biol Bull 176:50–56, Feb 1989CrossRef Wolcott G.T., Hines H.A. (1989), Ultrasonic biotelemetry of muscle activity from free-ranging marine animals: a new method for studying foraging by blue crabs (callinectes sapidus) Biol Bull 176:50–56, Feb 1989CrossRef
112.
Zurück zum Zitat Wouters P., De Cooman M., Vergote S., Puers R. (1993), Simultaneous telemetric monitoring of body temperature and activity of herding mammals. Proc 12th Int Sympos Biotelemetry pp 128–136 Wouters P., De Cooman M., Vergote S., Puers R. (1993), Simultaneous telemetric monitoring of body temperature and activity of herding mammals. Proc 12th Int Sympos Biotelemetry pp 128–136
113.
Zurück zum Zitat Wyborny B.P. (1994), Telemetry system for an implantable medical device. U.S. Patent 5 354 319, Oct 1994 Wyborny B.P. (1994), Telemetry system for an implantable medical device. U.S. Patent 5 354 319, Oct 1994
114.
Zurück zum Zitat Yaghjian A., Best S. Impedance, bandwidth, and q of antennas. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag 53(4):1298–1324, April 2005CrossRef Yaghjian A., Best S. Impedance, bandwidth, and q of antennas. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag 53(4):1298–1324, April 2005CrossRef
115.
Zurück zum Zitat Yin M., Ghovanloo M. (2009), Using pulse width modulation for wireless transmission of neural signals in multichannel neural recording systems. IEEE Trans Neural Sys Rehabil Eng 17(4):354–363, Aug 2009CrossRef Yin M., Ghovanloo M. (2009), Using pulse width modulation for wireless transmission of neural signals in multichannel neural recording systems. IEEE Trans Neural Sys Rehabil Eng 17(4):354–363, Aug 2009CrossRef
116.
Zurück zum Zitat RF integrated circuits for medical applications (Zarlink). [Online]. Available: stf.ucsd.edu/presentations/2007-08%20STF%20-%20Zarlink%20ULP%20transceivers.pdf RF integrated circuits for medical applications (Zarlink). [Online]. Available: stf.ucsd.edu/presentations/2007-08%20STF%20-%20Zarlink%20ULP%20transceivers.pdf
119.
Zurück zum Zitat Zeng F-G., Rebscher S., Harrison W., Sun X., Feng H. (2008), Cochlear implants: system design, integration, and evaluation. IEEE Rev Biomed Eng 1:115–142CrossRef Zeng F-G., Rebscher S., Harrison W., Sun X., Feng H. (2008), Cochlear implants: system design, integration, and evaluation. IEEE Rev Biomed Eng 1:115–142CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Short Distance Wireless Communications
verfasst von
Robert Puers
Jef Thoné
Copyright-Jahr
2011
Verlag
Springer US
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6597-4_7

Neuer Inhalt