nach oben

Erschienen in:

03.10.2023

Statistical Distribution of Heat Release Rate Data for Single Household Items

verfasst von: Iffah Umairah Zulmajdi, Mohd Zahirasri Mohd Tohir, Thomas Choong Shean Yaw, Mohd Yusof Harun, Mohamad Syazarudin Md Said

Erschienen in: Fire Technology | Ausgabe 1/2024

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

Fire related to household items poses a threat to life safety and residential property. In this study, the fire characteristics of single household items are established as a fundamental of risk assessment for performance-based design. Information on peak heat release rate, time to peak heat release rate and total heat released are collected from full-scale fire experiments in the literature. The household items are individually classified by their dimension: Television, Chair, Table, Armchair, Cabinet and Bed for statistical and probability distribution analyses. The analysis generally exhibits an increasing trend in the fire characteristics against the item dimension increment. A linear fit with a strong correlation value is achieved for the peak heat release rate and total heat released, while a weak correlation is observed to linearly fit the time to peak heat release rate. The ranked order of fitting statistics suggests Gamma, Log-Normal and Logistic distribution as the best-fit distribution respectively for the peak heat release rate, time to peak heat release rate and total heat released. The distribution parameters are provided and can be used for probabilistic fire assessment related to household items.

Vorheriger Artikel Burning Behavior of Liquid Fuel on Wavy Water

Nächster Artikel An Improved YOLOv5s Fire Detection Model

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Mohd Tohir MZ, Spearpoint M (2013) Distribution analysis of the fire severity characteristics of single passenger road vehicles using heat release rate data. Fire Sci Rev 2(1):5. https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-0414-2-5CrossRef

Mohd Tohir MZ, Spearpoint M, Fleischmann C (2020) Probabilistic design fires for passenger vehicle scenarios. Fire Saf J 120:103039. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2020.103039CrossRef

Baker G, Wade C, Spearpoint M, Fleischmann C (2013) Developing probabilistic design fires for performance-based fire safety engineering. Proced Eng 62:639–647. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2013.08.109CrossRef

Ahrens M, Maheshwari R (2021). Home Structure Fires. National Fire Protection Association.

Hoehler MS, Andres B, Bundy MF. (2019). Influence of Fire on the Lateral Resistance of Cold-Formed Steel Shear Walls Phase 2: Oriented Strand Board, Strap Braced, and Gypsum-Sheet Steel Composite. Technical Note (NIST TN), National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD. https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.TN.2038.

Sazegara S, Spearpoint M, Baker G (2017) Benchmarking the single item ignition prediction capability of B-RISK using furniture calorimeter and room-size experiments. Fire Technol 53(4):1485–1508. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-016-0642-yCrossRef

Alsanie AQ, Iqbal Mahmud HM, Moinuddin K (2021) Reconstruction of a multi-item room fire in an ISO 9705 room. Fire Technol 50(4):2339–2366. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-021-01090-5CrossRef

Zulmajdi IU, Mohd Tohir MZ, Syafiie S (2022) Probabilistic fire simulation assessment using simplified model and zone modelling of a kitchen fire scenario. Fire Technol. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-022-01289-0CrossRef

Goss-Sampson M (2020). Statistical Analysis in JASP: A Guide for Students. 4th edition. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.9980744.

10.

Baker GB. (2016). Quantification of the Variability in Heat Release Rate Curves Used to Model Fires in Residential-Scale Occupancies (Doctoral dissertation, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand). https://doi.org/10.26021/2436.

11.

Lawson, J. R., Walton, W. D., Twilley, W. H. (1984). Fire Performance of Furnishings as Measured in the NBS Furniture Calorimeter. Part 1. NIST Interagency/Internal Report (NISTIR), National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD. https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=102878.

12.

Andersson B (1985). Fire Behaviour of Beds and Upholstered Furniture - An Experimental Study (Second test series) Part 1 (LUTVDG/TVBB-3023-SE; Vol. 3023). Division of Building Fire Safety and Technology, Lund Institute of Technology. https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/1270225.

13.

Kim H, Lilley DG (2002) Heat release rates of burning items in fires. J Propuls Power 18(4):866. https://doi.org/10.2514/2.6011CrossRef

14.

Lee J, Ohmiya Y, Saito F, Shintani Y, Harada K (2018) An experimental study of on the combustion properties of lobby chairs in open space and in ISO room compartment. J Phys Conf Ser 1107(4):042010. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1107/4/042010CrossRef

15.

Firestone J, Fleischmann C (1999). An Analysis of Furniture Heat Release Rates by the Nordtest (Master’s thesis, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand). https://doi.org/10.26021/2770

16.

Janssens ML. (2012). Reducing Uncertainty of Quantifying the Burning Rate of Upholstered Furniture. National Institute of Justice, Washington, DC. https://www.ojp.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/239050.pdf

17.

Denize HR. (2000). The Combustion Behaviour of Upholstered Furniture Materials in New Zealand (Master’s thesis, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand). https://doi.org/10.26021/3165.

18.

Enright PA (1999). Heat Release and the Combustion Behaviour of Upholstered Furniture (Doctoral dissertation, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand). https://doi.org/10.26021/1470

19.

Babrauskas V, Lawson JR, Walton WD, Twilley WH (1982). Upholstered Furniture Heat Release Rates Measured with a Furniture Calorimeter. NIST Interagency/Internal Report (NISTIR), National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD. https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=106922

20.

Ahonen A, Kokkala M, Weckman H (1984). Burning characteristics of potential ignition sources of room fires. Technical Research Centre of Finland, Fire Technology Laboratory. https://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=US201300028435

21.

Särdqvist S (1993). Initial Fires. RHR, Smoke Production and CO Generation from Single Items and Room Fire Tests (LUTVDG/TVBB-3070-SE; Vol. 3070). Department of Fire Safety Engineering and Systems Safety, Lund University. https://portal.research.lu.se/en/publications/initial-fires-rhr-smoke-production-and-co-generation-from-single

22.

Walton WD (1988). Suppression of Wood Crib Fires with Sprinkler Sprays: Test Results. National Institute of Standards and Technology. https://www.fire.tc.faa.gov/pdf/nbsir88-3696.pdf

23.

Obach MR, Weckman EJ (2010) Comparing the Heat Release Rate and Heat Flux of Uniformly Constructed Wood Cribs. Conference: Combustion institute, Canadian Section, 2010 Spring Technical Meeting. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/284158399.

24.

Brown NJ, Dod RL, Mowrer FW, Novakov T, Williamson RB (2007) Smoke emission factors from medium-scale fires : part 1. Aerosol Sci Technol 10(1):2–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/02786828908959216CrossRef

25.

Chamberlain DL (1983). Heat Release Rate Properties of Wood-Based Materials. NIST Interagency/Internal Report (NISTIR), National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD. https://www.nist.gov/publications/heat-release-rate-properties-wood-based-materials.

26.

Hietaniemi J, Mangs J, Hakkarainen T. (2001). Burning of Electrical Household Appliances: An Experimental Study. VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. VTT Tiedotteita - Meddelanden - Research Notes No. 2084 https://publications.vtt.fi/pdf/tiedotteet/2001/T2084.pdf

27.

Hansen, R. (2015). Study of heat release rates of mining vehicles in underground hard rock mines (Doctoral dissertation, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden). https://www.ctif.org/library/study-heat-release-rates-mining-vehicles-underground-hard-rock-mines.

28.

Sunahara H, Ishihara T, Matsuyama K, Sugahara S, Morita M (2011) Relation between heat release rate and radiative heat flux of wooden crib burning during water discharge. Fire Sci Technol 30(1):1–25. https://doi.org/10.3210/fst.30.1CrossRef

29.

Vaari J, Hostikka S, Sikanen T, Paajanen A (2012). Numerical simulations on the performance of waterbased fire suppressions systems. VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. VTT Technology No. 54. https://publications.vtt.fi/pdf/technology/2012/T54.pdf.

30.

Hansen R, Ingason H (2011) An engineering tool to calculate heat release rates of multiple objects in underground structures. Fire Saf J 46(4):194–203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2011.02.001CrossRef

31.

Bwalya AC, Carpenter DW, Kanabus-Kaminska JM, Lougheed GD, Su JZ, Taber BC, Benichou N, Kashef A, Mccartney CJ, Bounagui A, Thomas JR (2006) Development of a fuel package for use in the fire performance of houses project (Report No. RR-207, 2006–03–31). Natl Res Counc Can. https://doi.org/10.4224/20377822CrossRef

32.

BRE Global Ltd. (2020). Fire Performance of Cladding Materials Research: Appendix D Construction and Design of Experimental Rig and Calibration Exercise (Report No. P111324–1019). Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government, London. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/877517/MHCLG_CCZZ17A36_Final_Research_Report_Appendix_D_P111324-1019__D12V2__.pdf.

33.

Biteau H, Steinhaus T, Simeoni A, Schemel C, Marlair G, Bal N, Torero JL (2009) Calculation methods for the heat release rate of materials of unknown composition. Fire Saf Sci. https://doi.org/10.3801/IAFSS.FSS.9-1165CrossRef

34.

Bartlett AI, Hadden RM, Bisby LA (2019) A review of factors affecting the burning behaviour of wood for application to tall timber construction. Fire Technol 55(1):1–49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-018-0787-yCrossRef

Titel: Statistical Distribution of Heat Release Rate Data for Single Household Items
verfasst von: Iffah Umairah Zulmajdi
Mohd Zahirasri Mohd Tohir
Thomas Choong Shean Yaw
Mohd Yusof Harun
Mohamad Syazarudin Md Said
Publikationsdatum: 03.10.2023
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Fire Technology / Ausgabe 1/2024
Print ISSN: 0015-2684
Elektronische ISSN: 1572-8099
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-023-01493-6

Springer Professional

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu Ihrer Lizenz zu erhalten.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 1/2024

Pilot Study on Fire Effluent Condensate from Full Scale Residential Fires

Transition from Surface to Crown Fires: Effects of Moisture Content

Simple Estimates of the Most Adverse Fire Growth and Equivalent Fire Severity in Concrete Compartments for Structural Safety

Numerical Investigation and Design Suggestion on Patch-Loading Strength of Q690 High-Strength Steel Plate Girders at Elevated Temperature

Accurate and Fast Fire Alignment Method Based on a Mono-binocular Vision System

Performance-Focused Analysis of Fire-Blocking Blanket for Lithium Ion Battery Fires