Skip to main content

2017 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

9. Structural Alloy Testing: Part 1—Ambient Temperature Properties

verfasst von : R J H Wanhill

Erschienen in: Aerospace Materials and Material Technologies

Verlag: Springer Singapore

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Standard data on ambient temperature mechanical and environmental properties, including yield and tensile strengths, fatigue and fatigue crack growth, fracture toughness, corrosion and stress corrosion, are essential—indeed mandatory—for the qualification and certification of aerospace structural materials and the design of actual structures and components. This chapter discusses the determination of important ambient temperature mechanical and environmental properties of aerospace alloys at the basic level of specimen and coupon testing.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Eswara Prasad N, Gokhale AA, Wanhill RJH (eds) (2014) Aluminum–lithium alloys: processing, properties and applications. Butterworth-Heinemann, Elsevier Inc, Oxford, UK Eswara Prasad N, Gokhale AA, Wanhill RJH (eds) (2014) Aluminum–lithium alloys: processing, properties and applications. Butterworth-Heinemann, Elsevier Inc, Oxford, UK
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Wanhill RJH (2014) Aerospace applications of aluminum–lithium alloys. In: Eswara Prasad N, Gokhale AA, Wanhill RJH (eds) Aluminum–lithium alloys: processing, properties and applications. Butterworth-Heinemann, Elsevier, Inc., Oxford, UK, pp 503–535 Wanhill RJH (2014) Aerospace applications of aluminum–lithium alloys. In: Eswara Prasad N, Gokhale AA, Wanhill RJH (eds) Aluminum–lithium alloys: processing, properties and applications. Butterworth-Heinemann, Elsevier, Inc., Oxford, UK, pp 503–535
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Ball DL, Norwood DS, TerMaath SC (2006) Joint strike fighter airframe durability and damage tolerance certification. AIAA paper 2006-1867, 47th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, 1–4 May 2006, Newport, Rhode Island Ball DL, Norwood DS, TerMaath SC (2006) Joint strike fighter airframe durability and damage tolerance certification. AIAA paper 2006-1867, 47th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, 1–4 May 2006, Newport, Rhode Island
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Davis JR (ed) (2004) Tensile testing, 2nd edn. ASM International, Materials Park, OH 44073-0002, USA, pp 239–250 Davis JR (ed) (2004) Tensile testing, 2nd edn. ASM International, Materials Park, OH 44073-0002, USA, pp 239–250
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Chandler H (ed) (1999) Hardness testing, 2nd edn. ASM International, Materials Park, OH 44073-0002, USA Chandler H (ed) (1999) Hardness testing, 2nd edn. ASM International, Materials Park, OH 44073-0002, USA
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Herrmann K (ed) (2011) Hardness testing: principles and applications. ASM International, Materials Park, OH 44073-0002, USA Herrmann K (ed) (2011) Hardness testing: principles and applications. ASM International, Materials Park, OH 44073-0002, USA
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Barter SA, Molent L, Wanhill RJH (2012) Typical fatigue-initiating discontinuities in metallic aircraft structures. Int J Fatigue 41(1):11–22CrossRef Barter SA, Molent L, Wanhill RJH (2012) Typical fatigue-initiating discontinuities in metallic aircraft structures. Int J Fatigue 41(1):11–22CrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Barter SA, Molent L, Wanhill RJH (2010) Fatigue life assessment for high performance metallic airframe structures—an innovative practical approach. In: Ho S-Y (ed) Structural failure analysis and prediction methods for aerospace vehicles and structures. Bentham E-Books, Bentham Science Publishers, Sharjah, UAR, pp 1–17 Barter SA, Molent L, Wanhill RJH (2010) Fatigue life assessment for high performance metallic airframe structures—an innovative practical approach. In: Ho S-Y (ed) Structural failure analysis and prediction methods for aerospace vehicles and structures. Bentham E-Books, Bentham Science Publishers, Sharjah, UAR, pp 1–17
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Clark PN, Bellinger NC, Hoeppner DW (2015) Is the world ready for HOLSIP? In: Siljander A (ed) ICAF 2015 structural integrity: embracing the future—respecting the past; supporting aging fleets with new technologies. E-Book, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Espoo, Finland, pp 34–46 Clark PN, Bellinger NC, Hoeppner DW (2015) Is the world ready for HOLSIP? In: Siljander A (ed) ICAF 2015 structural integrity: embracing the future—respecting the past; supporting aging fleets with new technologies. E-Book, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Espoo, Finland, pp 34–46
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Hu W, Tong YC, Walker KF, Mongru D, Amaratunga R, Jackson P (2006) A review and assessment of current lifing methodologies and tools in air vehicles division. DSTO Research Report DSTO-RR-0321, Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Melbourne, Australia Hu W, Tong YC, Walker KF, Mongru D, Amaratunga R, Jackson P (2006) A review and assessment of current lifing methodologies and tools in air vehicles division. DSTO Research Report DSTO-RR-0321, Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Melbourne, Australia
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Ritchie RO, Suresh S (1983) Mechanics and physics of the growth of small cracks. In: Behaviour of short cracks in aircraft components, AGARD conference proceedings No. 328. Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France, pp 1-1–1-14 Ritchie RO, Suresh S (1983) Mechanics and physics of the growth of small cracks. In: Behaviour of short cracks in aircraft components, AGARD conference proceedings No. 328. Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France, pp 1-1–1-14
12.
Zurück zum Zitat McClung RC, Chan KS, Hudak SJ Jr, Davidson DL (1996) Behavior of small fatigue cracks. In: Lampman SR et al (eds) ASM handbook volume 19 fatigue and fracture. ASM International, Materials Park, OH 44073-0002, USA, pp 153–158 McClung RC, Chan KS, Hudak SJ Jr, Davidson DL (1996) Behavior of small fatigue cracks. In: Lampman SR et al (eds) ASM handbook volume 19 fatigue and fracture. ASM International, Materials Park, OH 44073-0002, USA, pp 153–158
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Wanhill RJH (1988) Low stress intensity fatigue crack growth in 2024-T3 and T351. Eng Fract Mech 30:223–260CrossRef Wanhill RJH (1988) Low stress intensity fatigue crack growth in 2024-T3 and T351. Eng Fract Mech 30:223–260CrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Venkateswara Rao KT, Ritchie RO (1989) Mechanical properties of Al–Li alloys: part 2. Fatigue crack propagation. Mater Sci Technol 5:896–907CrossRef Venkateswara Rao KT, Ritchie RO (1989) Mechanical properties of Al–Li alloys: part 2. Fatigue crack propagation. Mater Sci Technol 5:896–907CrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Suresh S, Ritchie RO (1984) Propagation of short fatigue cracks. Int Met Rev 29(6):445–476 Suresh S, Ritchie RO (1984) Propagation of short fatigue cracks. Int Met Rev 29(6):445–476
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Schütz W (1996) A history of fatigue. Eng Fract Mech 54(2):263–300CrossRef Schütz W (1996) A history of fatigue. Eng Fract Mech 54(2):263–300CrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat De Jonge JB, Schütz D, Lowak H, Schijve J (1973) A standardized load sequence for flight simulation tests on transport aircraft wing structures. NLR Technical Report TR 73029U, National Aerospace Laboratory NLR, Amsterdam, The Netherlands De Jonge JB, Schütz D, Lowak H, Schijve J (1973) A standardized load sequence for flight simulation tests on transport aircraft wing structures. NLR Technical Report TR 73029U, National Aerospace Laboratory NLR, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Lowak H, De Jonge JB, Franz J, Schütz D (1979) MINITWIST: a shortened version of TWIST. NLR Miscellaneous Publication MP 79018U, National Aerospace Laboratory NLR, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Lowak H, De Jonge JB, Franz J, Schütz D (1979) MINITWIST: a shortened version of TWIST. NLR Miscellaneous Publication MP 79018U, National Aerospace Laboratory NLR, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Anon (1976) Description of a Fighter Aircraft Loading STAndard For Fatigue evaluation. Combined report of the F+W, LBF, NLR and IABG: available from the National Aerospace Laboratory NLR, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Anon (1976) Description of a Fighter Aircraft Loading STAndard For Fatigue evaluation. Combined report of the F+W, LBF, NLR and IABG: available from the National Aerospace Laboratory NLR, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Wanhill RJH (1994) Flight simulation fatigue crack growth testing of aluminium alloys: specific issues and guidelines. Int J Fatigue 16(2):99–110CrossRef Wanhill RJH (1994) Flight simulation fatigue crack growth testing of aluminium alloys: specific issues and guidelines. Int J Fatigue 16(2):99–110CrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Wanhill RJH, Koolloos MFJ (2001) Fatigue and corrosion in aircraft pressure cabin lap splices. Int J Fatigue 23:S337–S347CrossRef Wanhill RJH, Koolloos MFJ (2001) Fatigue and corrosion in aircraft pressure cabin lap splices. Int J Fatigue 23:S337–S347CrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Molent L, Barter S, Wanhill R (2015) The decoupling of corrosion and fatigue for aircraft service life management. In: Siljander A (ed) ICAF 2015 structural integrity: embracing the future—respecting the past, supporting aging fleets with new technologies. E-Book, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Espoo, Finland, pp 1062–1073 Molent L, Barter S, Wanhill R (2015) The decoupling of corrosion and fatigue for aircraft service life management. In: Siljander A (ed) ICAF 2015 structural integrity: embracing the future—respecting the past, supporting aging fleets with new technologies. E-Book, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Espoo, Finland, pp 1062–1073
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Wanhill RJH (1994) Damage tolerance engineering property evaluations of aerospace aluminium alloys. NLR Technical Publication TP 94177 U, National Aerospace Laboratory NLR, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Wanhill RJH (1994) Damage tolerance engineering property evaluations of aerospace aluminium alloys. NLR Technical Publication TP 94177 U, National Aerospace Laboratory NLR, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Wanhill RJH, Bray GH (2014) Fatigue crack growth behavior of aluminum–lithium alloys. In: Eswara Prasad N, Gokhale AA, Wanhill RJH (eds) Aluminum–lithium alloys: processing, properties and applications. Butterworth-Heinemann, Elsevier, Inc., Oxford, UK, pp 381–413 Wanhill RJH, Bray GH (2014) Fatigue crack growth behavior of aluminum–lithium alloys. In: Eswara Prasad N, Gokhale AA, Wanhill RJH (eds) Aluminum–lithium alloys: processing, properties and applications. Butterworth-Heinemann, Elsevier, Inc., Oxford, UK, pp 381–413
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Edwards PR, Newman JC Jr (eds) (1990) Short-crack growth behaviour in various aircraft materials. AGARD Report No. 767, Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France Edwards PR, Newman JC Jr (eds) (1990) Short-crack growth behaviour in various aircraft materials. AGARD Report No. 767, Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Barter SA, Molent L, Wanhill RJH (2009) Marker loads for quantitative fractography of fatigue cracks in aerospace alloys. In: Bos MJ (ed) Bridging the gap between theory and operational practice. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, pp 15–54 Barter SA, Molent L, Wanhill RJH (2009) Marker loads for quantitative fractography of fatigue cracks in aerospace alloys. In: Bos MJ (ed) Bridging the gap between theory and operational practice. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, pp 15–54
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Huynh J, Molent L, Barter S (2008) Experimentally derived crack growth models for different stress concentration factors. Int J Fatigue 30:1766–1786CrossRef Huynh J, Molent L, Barter S (2008) Experimentally derived crack growth models for different stress concentration factors. Int J Fatigue 30:1766–1786CrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Molent L (2014) A review of equivalent pre-crack sizes in aluminium alloy 7050-T7451. Fatigue Fract Eng Mater Struct 37:1055–1074CrossRef Molent L (2014) A review of equivalent pre-crack sizes in aluminium alloy 7050-T7451. Fatigue Fract Eng Mater Struct 37:1055–1074CrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Goldsmith NT (2000) Deep focus: a digital image processing technique to produce improved focal depth in light microscopy. Image Anal Stereol 19:163–167CrossRef Goldsmith NT (2000) Deep focus: a digital image processing technique to produce improved focal depth in light microscopy. Image Anal Stereol 19:163–167CrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Molent L, Barter SA, Wanhill RJH (2011) The lead crack fatigue lifing framework. Int J Fatigue 33:323–331CrossRef Molent L, Barter SA, Wanhill RJH (2011) The lead crack fatigue lifing framework. Int J Fatigue 33:323–331CrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Janssen M, Zuidema J, Wanhill RJH (2002) Fracture mechanics, 2nd edn. Delft University Press, Delft, The Netherlands, pp 330–334 Janssen M, Zuidema J, Wanhill RJH (2002) Fracture mechanics, 2nd edn. Delft University Press, Delft, The Netherlands, pp 330–334
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Brown KR (1984) The use of the chevron-notched short-bar specimen for plane-strain toughness determination in aluminum alloys. In: Underwood JH, Freiman SW, Baratta FI (eds) Chevron-notched specimens: testing and stress analysis, ASTM STP 855. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA 19428, USA, pp 237–254 Brown KR (1984) The use of the chevron-notched short-bar specimen for plane-strain toughness determination in aluminum alloys. In: Underwood JH, Freiman SW, Baratta FI (eds) Chevron-notched specimens: testing and stress analysis, ASTM STP 855. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA 19428, USA, pp 237–254
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Lynch SP, Wanhill RJH, Byrnes RT, Bray GH (2014) Fracture toughness and fracture modes of aerospace aluminum–lithium alloys. In: Eswara Prasad N, Gokhale AA, Wanhill RJH (eds) Aluminum–lithium alloys: processing, properties and applications. Butterworth-Heinemann, Elsevier, Inc., Oxford, UK, pp 415–455 Lynch SP, Wanhill RJH, Byrnes RT, Bray GH (2014) Fracture toughness and fracture modes of aerospace aluminum–lithium alloys. In: Eswara Prasad N, Gokhale AA, Wanhill RJH (eds) Aluminum–lithium alloys: processing, properties and applications. Butterworth-Heinemann, Elsevier, Inc., Oxford, UK, pp 415–455
34.
Zurück zum Zitat De Vries TJ (2001) Residual strength. In: Vlot A, Gunnink JW (eds) Fibre metal laminates: an introduction. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, the Netherlands, pp 197–217 De Vries TJ (2001) Residual strength. In: Vlot A, Gunnink JW (eds) Fibre metal laminates: an introduction. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, the Netherlands, pp 197–217
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Holroyd NJH, Scamans GM, Newman RC, Vasudevan AK (2014) Corrosion and stress corrosion in aluminum–lithium alloys. In: Eswara Prasad N, Gokhale AA, Wanhill RJH (eds) Aluminum–lithium alloys: processing, properties and applications. Butterworth-Heinemann, Elsevier, Inc., Oxford, UK, pp 457–500 Holroyd NJH, Scamans GM, Newman RC, Vasudevan AK (2014) Corrosion and stress corrosion in aluminum–lithium alloys. In: Eswara Prasad N, Gokhale AA, Wanhill RJH (eds) Aluminum–lithium alloys: processing, properties and applications. Butterworth-Heinemann, Elsevier, Inc., Oxford, UK, pp 457–500
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Iverson WP (1987) Microbial corrosion of metals. In: Laskin AL (ed) Advances in applied microbiology, vol 32. Academic Press Inc., Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Orlando, FL 32887, USA, pp 1–36 Iverson WP (1987) Microbial corrosion of metals. In: Laskin AL (ed) Advances in applied microbiology, vol 32. Academic Press Inc., Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Orlando, FL 32887, USA, pp 1–36
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Videla HA, Herrera LK (2005) Microbiologically influenced corrosion: looking to the future. Int Microbiol 8:169–180 Videla HA, Herrera LK (2005) Microbiologically influenced corrosion: looking to the future. Int Microbiol 8:169–180
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Passman FJ (2013) Microbial contamination and its control in fuels and fuel systems since 1980—a review. Int Biodeterior Biodegradation 81:88–104CrossRef Passman FJ (2013) Microbial contamination and its control in fuels and fuel systems since 1980—a review. Int Biodeterior Biodegradation 81:88–104CrossRef
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Yang SS, Lin JY, Lin YT (1998) Microbiologically induced corrosion of aluminum alloys in fuel-oil/aqueous system. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 31(3):151–164 Yang SS, Lin JY, Lin YT (1998) Microbiologically induced corrosion of aluminum alloys in fuel-oil/aqueous system. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 31(3):151–164
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Rajasekar A, Ting Y-P (2010) Microbial corrosion of Aluminum 2024 aeronautical alloy by hydrocarbon degrading bacteria Bacillus cereus ACE4 and Serratia marcescens ACE2. Ind Eng Chem Res 49(13):6054–6061CrossRef Rajasekar A, Ting Y-P (2010) Microbial corrosion of Aluminum 2024 aeronautical alloy by hydrocarbon degrading bacteria Bacillus cereus ACE4 and Serratia marcescens ACE2. Ind Eng Chem Res 49(13):6054–6061CrossRef
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Korb LJ (1987) Corrosion in the aerospace industry. In: Metals handbook ninth edition, vol 13 corrosion. ASM International, Metals Park, OH 44073-0002, USA, pp 1058–1100 Korb LJ (1987) Corrosion in the aerospace industry. In: Metals handbook ninth edition, vol 13 corrosion. ASM International, Metals Park, OH 44073-0002, USA, pp 1058–1100
42.
Zurück zum Zitat European Cooperation for Space Standardization (2009) Determination of the susceptibility of metals to stress-corrosion cracking. European Space Agency ECSS-Q-ST-70-37C, ESA Requirements and Standards Division, Noordwijk, The Netherlands European Cooperation for Space Standardization (2009) Determination of the susceptibility of metals to stress-corrosion cracking. European Space Agency ECSS-Q-ST-70-37C, ESA Requirements and Standards Division, Noordwijk, The Netherlands
43.
Zurück zum Zitat National Aeronautics and Space Administration (2005) Guidelines for the selection of metallic materials for stress corrosion cracking resistance in sodium chloride environments. NASA EM30, MSFC-STD-3029, Revision A, George C. Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL 35812, USA National Aeronautics and Space Administration (2005) Guidelines for the selection of metallic materials for stress corrosion cracking resistance in sodium chloride environments. NASA EM30, MSFC-STD-3029, Revision A, George C. Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL 35812, USA
44.
Zurück zum Zitat European Cooperation for Space Standardization (2008) Material selection for controlling stress-corrosion cracking. European Space Agency ECSS-Q-ST-70-37C, ESA Requirements and Standards Division, Noordwijk, The Netherlands European Cooperation for Space Standardization (2008) Material selection for controlling stress-corrosion cracking. European Space Agency ECSS-Q-ST-70-37C, ESA Requirements and Standards Division, Noordwijk, The Netherlands
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Niedzinski M, Ebersolt D, Schulz P (2013) Review of airware alloys currently used for space launchers. In: Workshop: technical interchange meeting (TIM) on fracture control of spacecraft, launchers and their payloads and experiments, 20–21 March 2013, ESA/ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands Niedzinski M, Ebersolt D, Schulz P (2013) Review of airware alloys currently used for space launchers. In: Workshop: technical interchange meeting (TIM) on fracture control of spacecraft, launchers and their payloads and experiments, 20–21 March 2013, ESA/ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Tesch A (2013) Stress corrosion tests at ESA—recent highlights. In: Workshop: technical interchange meeting (TIM) on fracture control of spacecraft, launchers and their payloads and experiments, 20–21 March 2013, ESA/ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands Tesch A (2013) Stress corrosion tests at ESA—recent highlights. In: Workshop: technical interchange meeting (TIM) on fracture control of spacecraft, launchers and their payloads and experiments, 20–21 March 2013, ESA/ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Warner-Locke J, Moran J, Hull B, Reilly L (2013) The effect of corrosion pit morphology on SCC and fatigue of 2x99 alloys compared to 7xxx Alloys. CORROSION 2013, NACE International, 17–21 March 2013, Orlando, FL 32819, USA Warner-Locke J, Moran J, Hull B, Reilly L (2013) The effect of corrosion pit morphology on SCC and fatigue of 2x99 alloys compared to 7xxx Alloys. CORROSION 2013, NACE International, 17–21 March 2013, Orlando, FL 32819, USA
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Brown BF (1966) A new stress-corrosion cracking test for high-strength alloys. Mater Res Stan 6(3):129–133 Brown BF (1966) A new stress-corrosion cracking test for high-strength alloys. Mater Res Stan 6(3):129–133
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Defense Metals Information Center (1967) Accelerated crack propagation of titanium by methanol, halogenated hydrocarbons, and other solutions. DMIC Memorandum 228, Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, OH 43201, USA Defense Metals Information Center (1967) Accelerated crack propagation of titanium by methanol, halogenated hydrocarbons, and other solutions. DMIC Memorandum 228, Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, OH 43201, USA
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Lisagor WB, Manning CR Jr, Bales TT (1968) Stress-corrosion cracking of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy in nitrogen tetroxide. NASA Technical Note NASA TN D-4289, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, DC, USA Lisagor WB, Manning CR Jr, Bales TT (1968) Stress-corrosion cracking of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy in nitrogen tetroxide. NASA Technical Note NASA TN D-4289, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, DC, USA
Metadaten
Titel
Structural Alloy Testing: Part 1—Ambient Temperature Properties
verfasst von
R J H Wanhill
Copyright-Jahr
2017
Verlag
Springer Singapore
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2143-5_9

    Premium Partner