Testing Solar-MAODV energy efficient model on various modulation techniques in wireless sensor and optical networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) suffer from energy imbalance and short lifespan among the sensor nodes placed near sink node. To optimally resolve the problem of battery of sensor nodes (SNs), many researchers have found new harvesting methods from environment or other sources, such as: solar power, vibrational energy harvesting, and magnetic resonant coupling. In this paper, we have carried out the research using three-step method. In the first step, solar based modified adhoc on-demand distance vector (Solar-MAODV) is proposed which is an improved recharging method that uses energy harvesting and congestion free routing to extend network lifetime. Also, the proposed scheme is a widely adopted combination of data collection, recharging and load balancing. Therefore, in the second step, the proposed scheme is validated by comparing its performance with existing joint mobile energy replenishment and data gathering (J-MERDG) and joint energy replenishment and load balancing (J-ERLB) techniques. Finally, in the last step, Solar-MAODV is tested on various modulation schemes to find the best modulation scheme for long range wireless rechargeable sensor networks (WRSNs). The main aim of research work is to propose robust and efficient scheme for extending lifespan of sensor nodes and to find out best modulation scheme for WRSNs so that they can support long range transmissions.