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Erschienen in: Journal of Management and Governance 1/2012

01.02.2012

The adoption of deferred share unit plans for outside directors: economic and social determinants

verfasst von: Paul André, Samer Khalil, Michel Magnan

Erschienen in: Journal of Management and Governance | Ausgabe 1/2012

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Abstract

This paper investigates the antecedents of adopting deferred compensation plans for corporate directors. Relying on agency and network theories, we compare the economic and social characteristics of firms that have adopted a deferred share unit plan for their directors over the 1997–2005 period (130 firms) to a control sample. Our findings show that firms where outside directors have higher agency costs, firms having a block holder that owns a significant voting power, firms whose outside directors serve on other boards having adopted deferred compensation plans, and firms that hire compensation consultants are more likely to adopt a deferred share unit plan for their directors than other firms. These findings highlight the importance of integrating economic and social perspectives when investigating the diffusion of compensation practices.

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Fußnoten
1
Mercer Human Resources consulting shows that 44% of the firms listed on the TSX composite index had a deferred compensation plans in 2003, compared to 38% in 2002, and 35% in 2001.
 
2
Firms with underwater stock options - options for which the exercise price is lower than the market price—face problems related to retaining and motivating top management. They also face problems with the shareholders that strongly oppose the re-pricing of underwater stock options (Hall 2003).
 
3
A National Post survey shows that dual class share shares are present in 52 of the 220 companies listed on the S&P/TSX index (National Post, June 11, 2003, pp. IN.1.Fr.).
 
4
Belcredi and Caprio (2004) and Doidge (2004) suggest that dual class shares may result in private benefits (agency costs) for the controlling (non-controlling) shareholders including excessive compensation, consulting contracts, and transactions under out of market conditions with companies owned by the controlling shareholder.
 
5
Board interlock exists when two executives from two companies sit on each other's boards. An interlock may also exist when a director serves on two or more corporate boards.
 
6
A related stream shows a positive association between the level and structure of outside directors’ pay and institutional ownership, growth opportunities, the percentage of outside directors, and deregulation in the banking industry (Hempel and Fay 1994; Cordeiro et al. 2000; Linn and Park 2005).
 
7
In the US, financial practices at Enron, WorldCom, Tyco, Xerox, Quest and Adelphia destroyed more than $460 billion in shareholders’ value. In Canada, financial scandals related to Cinar’s $179 million investments without board approval, Bre-X’s fraudulent disclosure of a gold discovery, and Livent’s $100-million accounting fraud had their toll on investors’ savings and on their confidence in financial markets as well (Des Roberts 2003).
 
8
Leblanc (2004) describes corporate boards as the “most closed” institutions in industrial countries.
 
9
The business press suggest that many Canadian firms have the same people sitting on their board of directors (The Globe and Mail, October 10 2004, B.17).
 
10
At the time of data collection, all proxy circulars were available on www.​sedar.​com starting 1997.
 
11
Matching by firm size and industry was possible for 64 firms only.
 
12
Tetrachoric correlations are used when both variables are dummy variables (Garson n.d.).
 
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Metadaten
Titel
The adoption of deferred share unit plans for outside directors: economic and social determinants
verfasst von
Paul André
Samer Khalil
Michel Magnan
Publikationsdatum
01.02.2012
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Journal of Management and Governance / Ausgabe 1/2012
Print ISSN: 1385-3457
Elektronische ISSN: 1572-963X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10997-010-9142-5

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