2. The Much-Awaited Deal of 2015

This chapter of the study focuses on the Iran nuclear deal negotiated by the P5+1 countries. It begins by highlighting that addressing the Iranian nuclear issue was one of the primary goals of President Barack Obama’s administration. After nearly two years of negotiations, a deal acceptable to both Iran and the allied powers, including the United States, was signed. The chapter covers the diplomatic meetings, both secret and formal, that paved the way for the nuclear deal. It explores the initial skepticism from both Iran and the United States regarding each other’s intentions in signing the deal. Over time, through continuous efforts, these initial skepticisms transformed into optimism, leading to the negotiation process that ultimately resulted in the deal. The JCPOA imposed restrictions on Iran’s civilian nuclear enrichment program, aiming to ensure that it remained peaceful in nature. It discusses the nuclear restrictions placed on Iran, as well as the monitoring and verification systems established to ensure compliance. The chapter also addresses the sanctions relief provided to Iran as part of the deal. Furthermore, it examines the clauses and conditions of the JCPOA, analyzing the advantages and disadvantages for both Iran and the United States in signing the deal. It also discusses the broader implications of the deal, particularly its contribution to global non-proliferation efforts.