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2021 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

5. The Russian Petro-State

verfasst von : Albrecht Rothacher

Erschienen in: Putinomics

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

The evolution of Russia’s petro-state is evidenced by the development of the decisive oil and gas sectors since the nineteenth century and by the division of labour practised within the Soviet empire trading energy for manufactures from Eastern Europe. The chapter demonstrates that revenues from oil exports are used to finance the central budget and Putin’s projects, while those from gas serve to subsidize domestic consumption and energy-intensive production and to line the pockets of the friends of the Kremlin. The continuing struggle for these revenues threatens to destabilize its power structure and undermines the long-term future of the Russian energy sector.

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Vorheriges Kapitel Putin’s Budget Policies

Nächstes Kapitel The Liberalization of Russia’s Electricity Market

Marshall Goldman. Oilopoly. Putin, Power and the Rise of the New Russia. Oxford: One World 2008, p. 20.

Ibid., p. 42.

Thane Gustafson. Wheel of fortune. The battle for oil and power in Russia. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press. 2012, p. 2.

Ibid., p. 4.

Ibid., p. 5.

Ibid., p. 6.

Ibid., p. 10.

Ibid., p. 18.

Ibid., p. 25.

Ibid., p. 40.

Ibid., p. 48.

Ibid., p. 54.

Ibid., p. 58.

Ibid., p. 67.

Ibid., p. 78.

Ibid., p. 81.

Goldman. Op. cit.; p. 65.

Gustafson. Op. cit., p. 91.

Ibid., p. 100.

Ibid., p. 141.

Ibid., p. 97.

Ibid., p. 160.

Ibid., p. 165.

Five of them American, plus BP and Royal Dutch Shell.

Ibid., p. 184.

Ibid., p. 195.

Goldman. Op. cit., p. 76.

Gustafson. Op. cit., p. 212.

Beresovsky died in March 2013 on his estate in Surrey by hanging, a case of unexplained “suicide”.

Goldman. Op. cit., p. 79.

Gustafson, Op. cit., p. 244.

Ibid., p. 264.

Goldman; Op. cit., p. 83.

Within Russia, there exists a multitude of “inland offshores» like tax havens in remote regions from Ingushetia to Chukotka, or through investments in technology parks. Then the corporate income tax can fall from 24% to around 9%. These perfectly legal loopholes were then retroactively declared illegal.

Gustafson. Op. cit., p. 281.

Goldman. Op. cit., p. 114.

Gustafson. Op. cit., S. 304.

Ibid., p. 319.

Goldman. Op. cit., p. 86.

Putin’s quote: Gustafson. Op. cit., p. 346.

Ibid., p. 360.

Ibid., p. 361.

Ibid., p. 364.

Ibid., P. 372.

Ibid., p. 378.

Ibid., p. 385.

Ibid., p. 409.

Ibid., p. 454.

Between 1905 and 1945 the South (“Karafuto”) was developed and settled by the Japanese. Prior to that, it was a Czarist penal colony where prisoners were left to rot. See: Anton Chekhov: “A Journey to Sakhalin”.

Gustafson. Op. cit, p. 493.

Goldman, Op. cit., p. 61.

Ibid., p. 100.

Dmitri Popov, Ilya Milstein. Julia Timoschenko. Die Zukunft der Ukraine nach der Orangenen Revolution. Cologne: Dumont 2006, pp. 108.

Goldman. Op. cit., p. 147.

Bill Browder. Red Notice. Wie ich Putins Staatsfeind Nr. 1 wurde. Munich: Hanser 2014, pp. 167.

In fact, Potanin (Norislk Nickel) and Deripaska (Rusal) had to do the same.

Goldman. Op. cit; p. 182.

Still not as bad as Nigeria!

Goldman. Op. cit; p. 197.

He is not the only senior politician who has done this. The practise is also common in other title conscious countries, like in Germany, Austria, Romania, the Ukraine …. But the exposure of fraud frequently but not always ends their careers.

Goldman. Op. cit., pp. 99.

Ibid., p. 192.

Ibid., p. 152.

Dmitri Trenin “Energy geopolitics in Russia-EU relations” in: Katinka Barysch. Pipelines, Politics and Power. London: Centre for European Policy Reform 2008, 15–24, p. 18.

Alexei Grivach, Konstantin Simonov. The Grand Gas Game. A 50-year-old Rivalry between the USA and Europe. Moscow 2019, p. 17.

The first recently tried to rebrand it as an elevator servicing company and the second has disappeared within Vodaphone. So much for the past glory of the German steel industry.

He smashed a gift Mercedes in the process but got a new one with no difficulty.

Grivach, Simonov. Op. cit., p. 37.

Ibid., p. 73.

Ibid., p. 87.

Ibid., p. 142.

Ibid., p. 166.

Frankfurter Allgemeine 14.5.2012; Financial Times 1.2.2012.

Givach, Simonov. Op. cit, p. 9.

For details see: Jens Hoevgaard. Gier, Gas und Geld. Munich: Europaverlag 2019.

The Economist 25. 1.2020.

In 2006 Schröder wrote a very a very bizarre ingratiating profile of Putin in der Spiegel 43/2006 in an article headlined: “Eines der schwersten Ämter”: “His modesty is striking. He does not need luxury, nor splendors of glory…” Already earlier Schröder had called Putin an excemplary democrat.

Frankfurter Allgemeine 25.8.2017, and 30.9.2017.

Frankfurter Allgemeine 17.8.2017.

Frankfurter Allgemeine 17.5.2017 and 30.9.2017.

Süddeutsche Zeitung 21.7.2017.

Frankfurter Allgemeine 16.12.2017.

Die Presse 4.3.2021; Andre Ballin «Für Kneissl rollt der Rubel» Der Standard 5.3.2021.

Pavel Baev « Asia–Pacific and LNG; The lure of new markets» in Barysch. Op.cit., 82–93, p. 89.

Konstantin Kosachev « Do we have a shared future in energy?» Ibid, 45–52, p. 50.

Andris Piebalgs « Win–win cooperation is possible in energy» Ibid, 53–56, p. 53.

Barysch K (2008) Pipelines politics and power. Centre for European Policy Reform, London

Browder B (2014) Red notice. Hanser, Munich

Goldman M (2008) Oilopoly. Putin, Power and the Rise of the New Russia. One World. Oxford

Gustafson T (2012) Wheel of fortune. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MassCrossRef

Grivach A, Simonov K (2019) The grand gas game. A 50-year-old Rivalry between the USA and Europe, Moscow

Hoevgaard J (2019) Gier gas und geld. Europaverlag, Munich

Popov D, Mistin I (2006) Julia Timoschenko. Die Zukunft der Ukraine nach der Orangenen Revolution. Dumont, Cologne

Titel: The Russian Petro-State
verfasst von: Albrecht Rothacher
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Buch: Putinomics
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-74076-4

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-74077-1

Copyright-Jahr: 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74077-1_5

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