Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Quantum Information Processing 12/2019

01.12.2019

The Witten index for 1D supersymmetric quantum walks with anisotropic coins

verfasst von: Akito Suzuki, Yohei Tanaka

Erschienen in: Quantum Information Processing | Ausgabe 12/2019

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Chiral symmetric discrete-time quantum walks possess supersymmetry, and their associated Witten indices can be naturally defined. The Witten index is known to give a lower bound for the number of topologically protected bound states. The purpose of this paper is to give a complete classification of the Witten index for a one-dimensional split-step quantum walk. It turns out that the Witten index of this model exhibits a striking similarity to that of a Dirac particle model in supersymmetric quantum mechanics.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Fußnoten
1
That is to say, \(\pm 1\) are not accumulation points of the spectrum of U.
 
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Ambainis, A., Bach, E., Nayak, A., Vishwanath, A., Watrous, J.: One-dimensional quantum walks. In: Proceedings of 33th ACM Symposium of the Theory of Computing, pp. 37–49 (2001) Ambainis, A., Bach, E., Nayak, A., Vishwanath, A., Watrous, J.: One-dimensional quantum walks. In: Proceedings of 33th ACM Symposium of the Theory of Computing, pp. 37–49 (2001)
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Arai, A.: Analysis on Fock Spaces and Mathematical Theory of Quantum Fields: An Introduction to Mathematical Analysis of Quantum Fields. World Scientific Publishing Company, Singapore (2017)MATH Arai, A.: Analysis on Fock Spaces and Mathematical Theory of Quantum Fields: An Introduction to Mathematical Analysis of Quantum Fields. World Scientific Publishing Company, Singapore (2017)MATH
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Asbóth, J.K., Obuse, H.: Bulk-boundary correspondence for chiral symmetric quantum walks. Phys. Rev. B 88, 121406 (2013)ADSCrossRef Asbóth, J.K., Obuse, H.: Bulk-boundary correspondence for chiral symmetric quantum walks. Phys. Rev. B 88, 121406 (2013)ADSCrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Barkhofen, S., Lorz, L., Nitsche, T., Silberhorn, C., Schomerus, H.: Supersymmetric polarization anomaly in photonic discrete-time quantum walks. Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 260501 (2018)ADSCrossRef Barkhofen, S., Lorz, L., Nitsche, T., Silberhorn, C., Schomerus, H.: Supersymmetric polarization anomaly in photonic discrete-time quantum walks. Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 260501 (2018)ADSCrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Bolle, D., Gesztesy, F., Grosse, H., Schweiger, W., Simon, B.: Witten index, axial anomaly, and Krein’s spectral shift function in supersymmetric quantum mechanics. J. Math. Phys. 28, 1512–1525 (1987)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef Bolle, D., Gesztesy, F., Grosse, H., Schweiger, W., Simon, B.: Witten index, axial anomaly, and Krein’s spectral shift function in supersymmetric quantum mechanics. J. Math. Phys. 28, 1512–1525 (1987)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Bracken, A.J., Ellinas, D., Smyrnakis, I.: Free-dirac-particle evolution as a quantum random walk. Phys. Rev. A 75, 022322 (2007)ADSCrossRef Bracken, A.J., Ellinas, D., Smyrnakis, I.: Free-dirac-particle evolution as a quantum random walk. Phys. Rev. A 75, 022322 (2007)ADSCrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Cedzich, C., Geib, T., Stahl, C., VelÃązquez, L., Werner, A.H., Werner, R.F.: Complete homotopy invariants for translation invariant symmetric quantum walks on a chain. arXiv:1804.04520 Cedzich, C., Geib, T., Stahl, C., VelÃązquez, L., Werner, A.H., Werner, R.F.: Complete homotopy invariants for translation invariant symmetric quantum walks on a chain. arXiv:​1804.​04520
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Cedzich, C., Geib, T., Grünbaum, F.A., Stahl, C., Velázquez, L., Werner, A.H., Werner, R.F.: The topological classification of one-dimensional symmetric quantum walks. Ann. Henri Poincaré 19, 325–383 (2018)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef Cedzich, C., Geib, T., Grünbaum, F.A., Stahl, C., Velázquez, L., Werner, A.H., Werner, R.F.: The topological classification of one-dimensional symmetric quantum walks. Ann. Henri Poincaré 19, 325–383 (2018)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Elaydi, S.: An Introduction to Difference Equations. Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics, 3rd edn. Springer, New York (2005) Elaydi, S.: An Introduction to Difference Equations. Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics, 3rd edn. Springer, New York (2005)
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Endo, S., Endo, T., Konno, N., Segawa, E., Takei, M.: Limit theorems of a two-phase quantum walk with one defect. Quantum Inf. Comput. 15, 1373–1396 (2015)MathSciNet Endo, S., Endo, T., Konno, N., Segawa, E., Takei, M.: Limit theorems of a two-phase quantum walk with one defect. Quantum Inf. Comput. 15, 1373–1396 (2015)MathSciNet
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Fuda, T., Funakawa, D., Suzuki, A.: Weak limit theorem for a one-dimensional split-step quantum walk. Rev. Math. Pures Appl. 64(2–3), 157–165 (2019)MathSciNetMATH Fuda, T., Funakawa, D., Suzuki, A.: Weak limit theorem for a one-dimensional split-step quantum walk. Rev. Math. Pures Appl. 64(2–3), 157–165 (2019)MathSciNetMATH
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Fuda, T., Funakawa, D., Suzuki, A.: Localization of a multi-dimensional quantum walk with one defect. Quantum Inf. Process. 16, 203 (2017)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef Fuda, T., Funakawa, D., Suzuki, A.: Localization of a multi-dimensional quantum walk with one defect. Quantum Inf. Process. 16, 203 (2017)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef
14.
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Grimmett, G., Janson, S., Scudo, P.: Weak limits for quantum random walks. Phys. Rev. E 69, 026119 (2004)ADSCrossRef Grimmett, G., Janson, S., Scudo, P.: Weak limits for quantum random walks. Phys. Rev. E 69, 026119 (2004)ADSCrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Gross, D., Nesme, V., Vogts, H., Werner, R.F.: Index theory of one dimensional quantum walks and cellular automata. Commun. Math. Phys. 310, 419–454 (2012)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef Gross, D., Nesme, V., Vogts, H., Werner, R.F.: Index theory of one dimensional quantum walks and cellular automata. Commun. Math. Phys. 310, 419–454 (2012)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Grover, L.: A fast quantum mechanical algorithm for database search. In: Proceeding of the 28th ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, pp. 212–219 (1996) Grover, L.: A fast quantum mechanical algorithm for database search. In: Proceeding of the 28th ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, pp. 212–219 (1996)
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Higuchi, Yu., Segawa, E.: The spreading behavior of quantum walks induced by drifted random walks on some magnifier graph. Quantum Inf. Comput. 17, 0399–0414 (2017)MathSciNet Higuchi, Yu., Segawa, E.: The spreading behavior of quantum walks induced by drifted random walks on some magnifier graph. Quantum Inf. Comput. 17, 0399–0414 (2017)MathSciNet
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Higuchi, Yu., Segawa, E.: Quantum walks induced by Dirichlet random walks on infinite trees. J. Phys. A Math. Theor. 51, 075303 (2018)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef Higuchi, Yu., Segawa, E.: Quantum walks induced by Dirichlet random walks on infinite trees. J. Phys. A Math. Theor. 51, 075303 (2018)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Higuchi, Yu., Konno, N., Sato, I., Segawa, E.: Spectral and asymptotic properties of Grover walks on crystal lattices. J. Funct. Anal. 267, 4197–4235 (2014)MathSciNetCrossRef Higuchi, Yu., Konno, N., Sato, I., Segawa, E.: Spectral and asymptotic properties of Grover walks on crystal lattices. J. Funct. Anal. 267, 4197–4235 (2014)MathSciNetCrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Kitagawa, T.: Topological phenomena in quantum walks: elementary introduction to the physics of topological phases. Quantum Inf. Process. 11, 1107–1148 (2012)MathSciNetCrossRef Kitagawa, T.: Topological phenomena in quantum walks: elementary introduction to the physics of topological phases. Quantum Inf. Process. 11, 1107–1148 (2012)MathSciNetCrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Kitagawa, T., Rudner, M.S., Berg, E., Demler, E.: Exploring topological phases with quantum walks. Phys. Rev. A 82, 033429 (2010)ADSCrossRef Kitagawa, T., Rudner, M.S., Berg, E., Demler, E.: Exploring topological phases with quantum walks. Phys. Rev. A 82, 033429 (2010)ADSCrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Kitagawa, T., Broome, M.A., Fedrizzi, A., Rudner, M.S., Berg, E., Kassal, I., Aspuru-Guzik, A., Demler, E., White, A.G.: Observation of topologically protected bound states in photonic quantum walks. Nat. Commun. 3, 882 (2012)ADSCrossRef Kitagawa, T., Broome, M.A., Fedrizzi, A., Rudner, M.S., Berg, E., Kassal, I., Aspuru-Guzik, A., Demler, E., White, A.G.: Observation of topologically protected bound states in photonic quantum walks. Nat. Commun. 3, 882 (2012)ADSCrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Konno, N.: One-dimensional discrete-time quantum walks on random environment. Quantum Inf. Process. 8, 387–399 (2009)MathSciNetCrossRef Konno, N.: One-dimensional discrete-time quantum walks on random environment. Quantum Inf. Process. 8, 387–399 (2009)MathSciNetCrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Konno, N.: Localization of an inhomogeneous discrete-time quantum walk on the line. Quantum Inf. Process. 9, 405–418 (2010)MathSciNetCrossRef Konno, N.: Localization of an inhomogeneous discrete-time quantum walk on the line. Quantum Inf. Process. 9, 405–418 (2010)MathSciNetCrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Konno, N., Łuczak, T., Segawa, E.: Limit measures of inhomogeneous discrete-time quantum walks in one dimensional. Quantum Inf. Process. 12, 33–53 (2013)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef Konno, N., Łuczak, T., Segawa, E.: Limit measures of inhomogeneous discrete-time quantum walks in one dimensional. Quantum Inf. Process. 12, 33–53 (2013)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Konno, K., Portugal, R., Sato, I., Segawa, E.: Partition-based discrete-time quantum walks. Qunatum Inf. Process. 17, 100 (2018)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef Konno, K., Portugal, R., Sato, I., Segawa, E.: Partition-based discrete-time quantum walks. Qunatum Inf. Process. 17, 100 (2018)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Kurzyński, P.: Relativistic effects in quantum walks: Klein’s paradox and zitterbewegung. Phys. Lett. A 372, 6125–6129 (2008)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef Kurzyński, P.: Relativistic effects in quantum walks: Klein’s paradox and zitterbewegung. Phys. Lett. A 372, 6125–6129 (2008)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Magniez, F., Nayak, A., Roland, J., Santha, M.: Search via quantum walk. In: ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, pp. 575–584 (2007) Magniez, F., Nayak, A., Roland, J., Santha, M.: Search via quantum walk. In: ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, pp. 575–584 (2007)
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Magniez, F., Nayak, A., Richter, P., Santha, M.: On the hitting times of quantum versus random walks. Algorithmica 63, 91–116 (2012)MathSciNetCrossRef Magniez, F., Nayak, A., Richter, P., Santha, M.: On the hitting times of quantum versus random walks. Algorithmica 63, 91–116 (2012)MathSciNetCrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Meyer, D.A.: Quantum lattice gases and their invariants. Int. J. Mod. Phys. C 8, 717–735 (1997)ADSCrossRef Meyer, D.A.: Quantum lattice gases and their invariants. Int. J. Mod. Phys. C 8, 717–735 (1997)ADSCrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Mochizuki, K., Kim, D., Obuse, H.: Explicit definition of PT symmetry for nonunitary quantum walks with gain and loss. Phys. Rev. A 93, 062116 (2016)ADSCrossRef Mochizuki, K., Kim, D., Obuse, H.: Explicit definition of PT symmetry for nonunitary quantum walks with gain and loss. Phys. Rev. A 93, 062116 (2016)ADSCrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Obuse, H., Kawakami, N.: Topological phases and delocalization of quantum walks in random environments. Phys. Rev. B 84, 195139 (2011)ADSCrossRef Obuse, H., Kawakami, N.: Topological phases and delocalization of quantum walks in random environments. Phys. Rev. B 84, 195139 (2011)ADSCrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Obuse, H., Asbóth, J.K., Nishimura, Y., Kawakami, N.: Unveiling hidden topological phases of a one-dimensional Hadamard quantum walk. Phys. Rev. B 92, 045424 (2015)ADSCrossRef Obuse, H., Asbóth, J.K., Nishimura, Y., Kawakami, N.: Unveiling hidden topological phases of a one-dimensional Hadamard quantum walk. Phys. Rev. B 92, 045424 (2015)ADSCrossRef
37.
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Portugal, R., Santos, R.A.M., Fernandes, T.D., GonÃğalves, D.N.: The staggered quantum walk model. Quantum Inf. Process. 15, 85 (2016)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef Portugal, R., Santos, R.A.M., Fernandes, T.D., GonÃğalves, D.N.: The staggered quantum walk model. Quantum Inf. Process. 15, 85 (2016)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Richard, S., Suzuki, A., Tiedra de Aldecoa, R.: Quantum walks with an anisotropic coin I: spectral theory. Lett. Math. Phys. 108, 331–357 (2018)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef Richard, S., Suzuki, A., Tiedra de Aldecoa, R.: Quantum walks with an anisotropic coin I: spectral theory. Lett. Math. Phys. 108, 331–357 (2018)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Richard, S., Suzuki, A., Tiedra de Aldecoa, R.: Quantum walks with an anisotropic coin II: scattering theory. Lett. Math. Phys. 109, 61–88 (2019)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef Richard, S., Suzuki, A., Tiedra de Aldecoa, R.: Quantum walks with an anisotropic coin II: scattering theory. Lett. Math. Phys. 109, 61–88 (2019)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Segawa, E.: Localization of quantum walks induced by recurrence properties of random walks. J. Comput. Theor. Nanosci. 10, 1583–1590 (2013)CrossRef Segawa, E.: Localization of quantum walks induced by recurrence properties of random walks. J. Comput. Theor. Nanosci. 10, 1583–1590 (2013)CrossRef
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Shikano, Y., Katsura, H.: Localization and fractality in inhomogeneous quantum walks with self-duality. Phys. Rev. E 82, 031122 (2010)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef Shikano, Y., Katsura, H.: Localization and fractality in inhomogeneous quantum walks with self-duality. Phys. Rev. E 82, 031122 (2010)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef
44.
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Strauch, F.W.: Relativistic effects and rigorous limits for discrete- and continuous-time quantum walks. J. Math. Phys. 48, 082102 (2007)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef Strauch, F.W.: Relativistic effects and rigorous limits for discrete- and continuous-time quantum walks. J. Math. Phys. 48, 082102 (2007)ADSMathSciNetCrossRef
47.
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Szegedy, M.: Quantum speed-up of Markov chain based algorithms. In: Proceedings of 45th IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, pp. 32–41 (2004) Szegedy, M.: Quantum speed-up of Markov chain based algorithms. In: Proceedings of 45th IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, pp. 32–41 (2004)
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Thaller, B.: The Dirac equation. Texts and Monographs in Physics. Springer, Berlin (1992) Thaller, B.: The Dirac equation. Texts and Monographs in Physics. Springer, Berlin (1992)
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Xiao, L., Zhan, X., Bian, Z.H., Wang, K.K., Zhang, X., Wang, X.P., Li, J., Mochizuki, K., Kim, D., Kawakami, N., Yi, W., Obuse, H., Sanders, B.C., Xue, P.: Observation of topological edge states in parity-time-symmetric quantum walks. Nat. Phys. 13, 1117–1123 (2017)CrossRef Xiao, L., Zhan, X., Bian, Z.H., Wang, K.K., Zhang, X., Wang, X.P., Li, J., Mochizuki, K., Kim, D., Kawakami, N., Yi, W., Obuse, H., Sanders, B.C., Xue, P.: Observation of topological edge states in parity-time-symmetric quantum walks. Nat. Phys. 13, 1117–1123 (2017)CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
The Witten index for 1D supersymmetric quantum walks with anisotropic coins
verfasst von
Akito Suzuki
Yohei Tanaka
Publikationsdatum
01.12.2019
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Quantum Information Processing / Ausgabe 12/2019
Print ISSN: 1570-0755
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-1332
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-019-2485-1

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 12/2019

Quantum Information Processing 12/2019 Zur Ausgabe

Neuer Inhalt