nach oben

Empirical Software Engineering

Erschienen in:

01.11.2023

We do not understand what it says – studying student perceptions of software modelling

verfasst von: Shalini Chakraborty, Grischa Liebel

Erschienen in: Empirical Software Engineering | Ausgabe 6/2023

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

Background

Despite the potential benefits of software modelling, developers have shown a considerable reluctance towards its application. There is substantial existing research studying industrial use and technical challenges of modelling. However, there is a lack of detailed empirical work investigating how students perceive modelling.

Aim

We investigate the perceptions of students towards modelling in a university environment.

Method

We conducted a multiple case study with 5 cases (5 courses from 3 universities) and two units of analysis (student and instructor). We collected data through 21 semi-structured interviews, which we analysed using in-vivo coding and thematic analysis.

Results

Students see some benefits of modelling, e.g., using models for planning and communicating within the group. However, several factors negatively influence their understanding of modelling, e.g., assignments with unclear expectations, irregular and insufficient feedback on their models, and lack of experience with the problem domains.

Conclusions

Our findings help in understanding better why students struggle with software modelling, and might be reluctant to adopt it later on. Our recommendations on modelling education could help to improve education and training in software modelling, both at university and in industry. Specifically, we recommend that educators try to provide feedback beyond syntactical issues, and to consider using problem domains that students are knowledgeable about.

Vorheriger Artikel On the Investigation of Empirical Contradictions - Aggregated Results of Local Studies on Readability and Comprehensibility of Source Code

Nächster Artikel An empirical comparison of ethnic and gender diversity of DevOps and non-DevOps contributions to open-source projects

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Nur mit Berechtigung zugänglich

We used Konch (https://www.konch.ai/) and Go Transcript (https://gotranscript.com/).

https://miro.com/

Agner LTW, Soares IW, Stadzisz PC, Simão JM (2013) A brazilian survey on UML and model-driven practices for embedded software development. J Syst Softw 86(4):997–1005. SI : Software Engineering in Brazil: Retrospective and Prospective Views

Agner LT, Lethbridge TC, Soares IW (2019) Student experience with software modeling tools. Softw Syst Model 18(5):3025–3047. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-018-00709-6CrossRef

Akayama S, Demuth B, Lethbridge TC, Scholz M, Stevens P, Stikkolorum DR (2013) Tool use in software modelling education. In: EduSymp@ MoDELS

Anda B, Hansen K, Gullesen I, Thorsen HK (2006) Experiences from introducing uml-based development in a large safety-critical project. Empir Softw Eng 11:555–581CrossRef

Baker P, Loh S, Weil F (2005) Model-driven engineering in a large industrial context-motorola case study. In: International conference on model driven engineering languages and systems, Springer, pp 476–491

Bernonville S, Kolski C, Beuscart-Zephir MC (2005) Contribution and limits of uml models for task modelling in a complex organizational context: case study in the healthcare domain. In: Internet and information technology in modern organizations: challenges & answers, proceedings of The 5th international business information management association conference, IBIMA, pp 119–127

Burgueño L, Vallecillo A, Gogolla M (2018) Teaching uml and ocl models and their validation to software engineering students: an experience report. Comput Sci Educ 1–19 10.1080/08993408.2018.1462000

Chakraborty S, Liebel G (2022) Dataset: we do not understand what it says – studying student perceptions of software modelling. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6913780

Ciccozzi F, Taentzer G, Vallecillo A, Wimmer M, Famelis M, Lambers L, Mosser S, Paige R, Pierantonio A, Rensink A, Salay R (2018) How do we teach modelling and model-driven engineering? a survey. In: Proceedings of the 21st ACM/IEEE international conference on model driven engineering languages and systems: companion proceedings, pp 122–129

Dobing B, Parsons J (2008) Dimensions of uml diagram use: a survey of practitioners. J Database Manag (JDM) 19(1):1–18CrossRef

Falessi D, Juristo N, Wohlin C, Turhan B, Münch J, Jedlitschka A, Oivo M (2018) Empirical software engineering experts on the use of students and professionals in experiments. Empir Softw Eng 23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-017-9523-3

Forward A, Badreddin O, Lethbridge TC (2010) Perceptions of software modeling: a survey of software practitioners. In: 5th workshop from code centric to model centric: evaluating the effectiveness of MDD (C2M: EEMDD)

Garzón MA, Aljamaan H, Lethbridge TC (2015) Umple: a framework for model driven development of object-oriented systems. In: 2015 ieee 22nd international conference on software analysis, evolution, and reengineering (saner), IEEE, pp 494–498

Gilson F (2018) Teaching software language engineering and usability through students peer reviews. In: Proceedings of the 21st ACM/IEEE international conference on model driven engineering languages and systems: companion proceedings, pp 98–105

Gonnord L, Mosser S (2018) Practicing domain-specific languages: from code to models. In: Proceedings of the 21st ACM/IEEE international conference on model driven engineering languages and systems: companion proceedings, pp 106–113

Gorschek T, Tempero E, Angelis L (2014) On the use of software design models in software development practice: An empirical investigation. J Syst Softw 95:176–193CrossRef

Hammouda I, Burden H, Heldal R, Chaudron MR (2014) Case tools versus pencil and paper. In: ACM/IEEE 17th Int. Conf. on model driven engineering languages and systems–educators symposium

Hiller J (2016) Epistemological foundations of objectivist and interpretivist research. Barcelona Publishers

Hutchinson J, Whittle J, Rouncefield M (2014) Model-driven engineering practices in industry: social, organizational and managerial factors that lead to success or failure. Sci Comput Program 89:144–161. Special issue on Success Stories in Model Driven Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scico.2013.03.017

Hutchinson J, Rouncefield M, Whittle J (2011a) Model-driven engineering practices in industry. In: 2011 33rd International conference on software engineering (ICSE), pp 633–642. https://doi.org/10.1145/1985793.1985882

Hutchinson J, Whittle J, Rouncefield M, Kristoffersen S (2011b) Empirical assessment of mde in industry. In: 2011 33rd International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE), pp 471–480. https://doi.org/10.1145/1985793.1985858

Kirstan S, Zimmermann J (2010) Evaluating costs and benefits of model-based development of embedded software systems in the car industry–results of a qualitative case study. In: Workshop C2M: EEMDD from code centric to model centric: evaluating the effectiveness of MDD

Kolovos DS, Cabot J (2016) Towards a corpus of use-cases for model-driven engineering courses. In: EduSymp/OSS4MDE@ MoDELS, pp 14–18

Kopach-Konrad R, Lawley M, Criswell M, Hasan I, Chakraborty S, Pekny J, Doebbeling BN (2007) Applying systems engineering principles in improving health care delivery. J Gen Intern Med 22(3):431–437CrossRef

Krajcik JS, Blumenfeld PC (2006) Project-based learning. na

Lethbridge TC, Mussbacher G, Forward A, Badreddin O (2011) Teaching uml using umple: applying model-oriented programming in the classroom. In: 2011 24th IEEE-CS conference on software engineering education and training (CSEE &T), IEEE, pp 421–428

Liebel G, Marko N, Tichy M, Leitner A, Hansson J (2018a) Model-based engineering in the embedded systems domain: an industrial survey on the state-of-practice. Softw Syst Model 17(1):91–113. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-016-0523-3CrossRef

Liebel G, Tichy M, Knauss E (2018b) Use, potential, and showstoppers of models in automotive requirements engineering. Softw Syst Model. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-018-0683-4CrossRef

Liebel G, Badreddin O, Heldal R (2017) Model driven software engineering in education: a multi-case study on perception of tools and uml. In: 2017 IEEE 30th Conference on software engineering education and training (CSEE T), pp 124–133. https://doi.org/10.1109/CSEET.2017.29

Liebel G, Heldal R, Steghöfer JP .: Impact of the use of industrial modelling tools on modelling education. In: 2016 IEEE 29th International conference on software engineering education and training (CSEET), pp 18–27. https://doi.org/10.1109/CSEET.2016.18

Mohagheghi P, Gilani W, Stefanescu A, Fernandez MA, Nordmoen B, Fritzsche M (2013) Where does model-driven engineering help? experiences from three industrial cases. Softw Syst Model 12(3):619–639CrossRef

Mohagheghi P, Dehlen V (2008) Where is the proof? - a review of experiences from applying mde in industry. In: Schieferdecker I, Hartman A (eds) Model driven architecture - foundations and applications, lecture notes in computer science, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, vol 5095 pp 432–443

Moody DL (2010) The ”physics” of notations: a scientific approach to designing visual notations in software engineering. In: 2010 ACM/IEEE 32nd International conference on software engineering, vol 2, pp 485–486. https://doi.org/10.1145/1810295.1810442

Oliveira K, Regina A, Rocha C, Travassos G, Menezes C (2000) Using domain-knowledge in software development environments. Tech. rep., CiteSeerX. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.24.2007

Paige RF, Polack FA, Kolovos DS, Rose LM, Matragkas ND, Williams JR (2014) Bad modelling teaching practices. In: EduSymp@ MoDELS, pp. 1–12

Pascale CM (2010) Cartographies of knowledge: exploring qualitative epistemologies. Sage Publications

Petersen K, Gencel C (2013) Worldviews, research methods, and their relationship to validity in empirical software engineering research. In: 2013 joint conference of the 23rd international workshop on software measurement and the 8th international conference on software process and product measurement, IEEE, pp 81–89

Raistrick C (2004) Applying mda and uml in the development of a healthcare system. In: International conference on the unified modeling language, Springer, pp 203–218

Reuter R, Stark T, Sedelmaier Y, Landes D, Mottok J, Wolff C (2020) Insights in students’ problems during uml modeling. In: 2020 IEEE Global engineering education conference (EDUCON), pp 592–600. https://doi.org/10.1109/EDUCON45650.2020.9125110

Rugaber S (2000) The use of domain knowledge in program understanding. Ann Softw Eng 9(1):143–192CrossRef

Runeson P (2003) Using students as experiment subjects - an analysis on graduate and freshmen student data.Proc 7th Int Conf Empir Assess Softw Eng

Runeson P, Höst M, Rainer A, Regnell B (2012) Case study research in software engineering – guidelines and examples. John Wiley & Sons Inc. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118181034

Saldaña J (2015) The coding manual for qualitative researchers. SAGE Publications

Salman I, Mısırlı AT, Juristo N (2015) Are students representatives of professionals in software engineering experiments? In: 2015 IEEE/ACM 37th IEEE International conference on software engineering, vol 1, pp 666–676. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSE.2015.82

Schmidt A, Kimmig D, Bittner K, Dickerhof M (2014) Teaching model-driven software development: revealing the" great miracle" of code generation to students. Proceedings of the sixteenth Australasian computing education conference-vol 148:97–104

Siau K, Loo PP (2006) Identifying difficulties in learning uml. Inf Syst Manag 23(3):43–51CrossRef

Sjöberg DI, Anda B, Arisholm E, Dyba T, Jorgensen M, Karahasanovic A, Koren EF, Vokác M (2002) Conducting realistic experiments in software engineering. In: Proceedings international symposium on empirical software engineering, IEEE, pp 17–26

Stikkolorum DR, Ho-Quang T, Chaudron MR (2015) Revealing students’ uml class diagram modelling strategies with webuml and logviz. In: 2015 41st Euromicro conference on software engineering and advanced applications, pp 275–279. https://doi.org/10.1109/SEAA.2015.77

Stol KJ, Fitzgerald B (2018) The abc of software engineering research. ACM Trans Softw Eng Methodol (TOSEM) 27(3):1–51CrossRef

Störrle H (2017) How are conceptual models used in industrial software development? a descriptive survey. In: Proceedings of the 21st international conference on evaluation and assessment in software engineering, pp 160–169

Torchiano M, Tomassetti F, Ricca F, Tiso A, Reggio G (2013) Relevance, benefits, and problems of software modelling and model driven techniques-a survey in the italian industry. J Syst Softw 86(8):2110–2126CrossRef

Walderhaug S, Stav E, Mikalsen M (2008) Experiences from model-driven development of homecare services: uml profiles and domain models. In: International conference on model driven engineering languages and systems, Springer, pp 199–212

Westphal B (2019) Teaching software modelling in an undergraduate introduction to software engineering. In: 2019 ACM/IEEE 22nd International conference on model driven engineering languages and systems companion (MODELS-C), pp 690–699. https://doi.org/10.1109/MODELS-C.2019.00105

Whittle J, Hutchinson J, Rouncefield M (2014) The state of practice in model-driven engineering. IEEE Softw 31(3):79–85. https://doi.org/10.1109/MS.2013.65CrossRef

Whittle J, Hutchinson J (2011) Mismatches between industry practice and teaching of model-driven software development. In: International conference on model driven engineering languages and systems, Springer, pp 40–47

Whittle J, Hutchinson J, Rouncefield M, Burden H, Heldal R (2013) Industrial adoption of model-driven engineering: Are the tools really the problem? In: International conference on model driven engineering languages and systems, Springer, pp 1–17

Wohlin C (2021) Case study research in software engineering-it is a case, and it is a study, but is it a case study? Inf Softw Technol 133:106514. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2021.106514CrossRef

Titel: We do not understand what it says – studying student perceptions of software modelling
verfasst von: Shalini Chakraborty
Grischa Liebel
Publikationsdatum: 01.11.2023
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Empirical Software Engineering / Ausgabe 6/2023
Print ISSN: 1382-3256
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-7616
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-023-10404-w

Springer Professional

Abstract

Background

Aim

Method

Results

Conclusions

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu Ihrer Lizenz zu erhalten.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 6/2023

Using gameplay videos for detecting issues in video games

On the effectiveness of log representation for log-based anomaly detection

Automated detection, categorisation and developers’ experience with the violations of honesty in mobile apps

Computation offloading for ground robotic systems communicating over WiFi – an empirical exploration on performance and energy trade-offs

Performance evolution of configurable software systems: an empirical study

Analyzing the BizDev interface in an enterprise context: a case of developers acting in business

Premium Partner