nach oben

Sexuality Research and Social Policy

Erschienen in:

16.05.2023

Women’s Attitudes Towards Abortion in Response to the Zika and COVID-19 Outbreaks in Brazil

verfasst von: Brooke Whitfield, Leticia Marteleto

Erschienen in: Sexuality Research and Social Policy | Ausgabe 4/2023

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

Introduction

Abortion attitudes are influenced by people’s socioeconomic and demographic circumstances and can be volatile during times of crisis. Brazil is an interesting case for examining abortion attitudes because of its strict abortion policies, changing religious landscape, high income inequality, and extreme uncertainty generated by the back-to-back Zika and COVID-19 crises. This study seeks to assess Brazilian women’s attitudes toward abortion and whether religion and income explain these attitudes in the context of novel infectious disease epidemics.

Methods

We used data from a population-based sample of 3996 women ages 18–34 in Pernambuco, Brazil, collected during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic (May–September 2020). We conducted paired t-tests and multivariate-adjusted logistic regression models with adjusted Odds Ratios (aORs) and 95% CIs to assess differences in support for abortion in the case of fetal congenital Zika syndrome (CZS), maternal Zika infection during pregnancy, and maternal COVID-19 infection during pregnancy.

Results

Significantly more women support the right to abortion in the case of fetal CZS (50%) than in the case of maternal Zika infection (40%) and maternal COVID-19 infection (31%). Support for abortion varies by income and religion. Controlling for other demographic characteristics, high-income women have higher odds of supporting abortion in the case of fetal CZS (aOR = 1.92; 95% CI: 1.25–2.94) and maternal Zika infection (aOR = 2.07; 95% CI: 1.33–3.21) than low-income women. Evangelical women have lower odds of supporting abortion in the case of maternal Zika infection (aOR = 0.65; 95% CI: 0.45–0.93) and marginally lower odds of supporting the right to abortion in the case of maternal COVID-19 infection (aOR = 0.69; 95% CI: 0.47–1.00) than women of other religious affiliations.

Conclusions and Policy Implications

With increasingly conservative religious groups gaining size in Brazil, we expect to see increasing abortion restrictions. However, this research finds that a sizable portion of women across all incomes and religious affiliations support abortion, particularly in the case of fetal anomalies associated with Zika.

Vorheriger Artikel The Association Between Gender Role Norms and Abortion Stigma Among Chinese Heterosexual Adults in Romantic Relationships: The Effect of Ambivalent Sexism, Motherhood Traditionalism, and the Sexual Double Standard

Nächster Artikel The HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills of Parents of Adolescent Sexual Minority Males and Transgender and Gender Diverse Adolescents

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Nur mit Berechtigung zugänglich

Access to Internet and TV, ownership of cell phone for personal use. (2019). Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Retrieved March 16, 2022, from https://www.ibge.gov.br/en/statistics/social/population/18083-annual-dissemination-pnadc3.html?edicao=30538&t=resultados

Adamczyk, A. (2008). The effects of religious contextual norms, structural constraints, and personal religiosity on abortion decisions. Social Science Research, 37(2), 657–672. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssresearch.2007.09.003CrossRefPubMed

Adamczyk, A., Kim, C., & Dillon, L. (2020). Examining public opinion about abortion: A mixed-methods systematic review of research over the last 15 years. Sociological Inquiry, 90(4), 920–954. https://doi.org/10.1111/soin.12351CrossRef

Aiken, A. R. A., Scott, J. G., Gomperts, R., Trussell, J., Worrell, M., & Aiken, C. E. (2016). Requests for abortion in Latin America related to concern about Zika virus exposure. New England Journal of Medicine, 375(4), 396–398. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc1605389CrossRefPubMed

Brazil: Zika Epidemic Exposes Rights Problems. (2017). Human Rights Watch. https://www.hrw.org/news/2017/07/12/brazil-zika-epidemic-exposes-rights-problems

Brazil’s Changing Religious Landscape. (2013). Pew Research Center. https://www.pewforum.org/2013/07/18/brazils-changing-religious-landscape/

Censo. (2010). Número de católicos cai e aumenta o de evangélicos, espíritas e sem religião | Agência de Notícias. (2012). Agência de Notícias - IBGE. https://agenciadenoticias.ibge.gov.br/agencia-sala-de-imprensa/2013-agencia-de-noticias/releases/14244-asi-censo-2010-numero-de-catolicos-cai-e-aumenta-o-de-evangelicos-espiritas-e-sem-religiao

Cohen, M. J., & Evans, C. Q. (2018). Latin American views on abortion in the shadow of the Zika epidemic. Vanderbilt University. https://www.vanderbilt.edu/lapop/insights/ITB033en.pdf

de Carvalho, B. R., de Adami, K., & S., Gonçalves-Ferri, W. A., Samama, M., Ferriani, R. A., & Marcolin, A. C. (2021). COVID-19: Uncertainties from conception to birth. Revista Brasileira De Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, 43, 54–60. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1721856CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

de Oliveira, W. K., de França, G. V. A., Carmo, E. H., Duncan, B. B., de Kuchenbecker, R., & S., & Schmidt, M. I. (2017). Infection-related microcephaly after the 2015 and 2016 Zika virus outbreaks in Brazil: A surveillance-based analysis. The Lancet, 390(10097), 861–870. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31368-5CrossRef

de Souza, W. V., de Albuquerque, M., & F. P. M. de, Vazquez, E., Bezerra, L. C. A., Mendes, A. da C. G., Lyra, T. M., Araujo, T. V. B. de, Oliveira, A. L. S. de, Braga, M. C., Ximenes, R. A. de A., Miranda-Filho, D. de B., Cabral Silva, A. P. de S., Rodrigues, L., & Martelli, C. M. T. (2018). Microcephaly epidemic related to the Zika virus and living conditions in Recife. Northeast Brazil. BMC Public Health, 18, 130. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5039-zCrossRefPubMed

Deville, J.-C., & Sarndal, C.-E. (1992). Calibration estimators in survey sampling. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 87(418), 376–382. https://doi.org/10.2307/2290268CrossRef

Diniz, D., & Medeiros, M. (2010). Aborto no Brasil: Uma pesquisa domiciliar com técnica de urna. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, 15, 959–966. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-81232010000700002CrossRef

Diniz, D., & Medeiros, M. (2012). Itinerários e métodos do aborto ilegal em cinco capitais brasileiras. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, 17, 1671–1681. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-81232012000700002CrossRef

Diniz, D., Medeiros, M., & Madeiro, A. (2017). Brazilian women avoiding pregnancy during Zika epidemic. Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care, 43(1), 80–80. https://doi.org/10.1136/jfprhc-2016-101678CrossRefPubMed

Diniz, S. G., d’Oliveira, A. F. P. L., & Lansky, S. (2012). Equity and women’s health services for contraception, abortion and childbirth in Brazil. Reproductive Health Matters, 20(40), 94–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0968-8080(12)40657-7CrossRefPubMed

Freitas, P. S. S., Soares, G. B., Mocelin, H. J. S., Lamonato, L. C. X. L., Sales, C. M. M., Linde-Arias, A. R., Bussinger, E. C. A., & Maciel, E. L. N. (2020). How do mothers feel? Life with children with congenital Zika syndrome. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 148(S2), 20–28. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.13044CrossRef

Frohwirth, L., Coleman, M., & Moore, A. M. (2018). Managing religion and morality within the abortion experience: Qualitative interviews with women obtaining abortions in the U.S. World Medical & Health Policy, 10(4), 381–400. https://doi.org/10.1002/wmh3.289

Goldberg, J. (2012). Brazil Supreme Court allows abortion in cases of a severe fetal condition. Center for Reproductive Rights. https://reproductiverights.org/brazil-supreme-court-allows-abortion-in-cases-of-a-severe-fetal-condition/

Guang-zhen, W., & Buffalo, M. D. (2004). Social and cultural determinants of attitudes toward abortion: A test of Reiss’ hypotheses. The Social Science Journal, 41(1), 93–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soscij.2003.10.008CrossRef

Hans, J., & Kimberly, C. (2014). Abortion attitudes in context: A multidimensional vignette approach. Social Science Research, 48, 145–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssresearch.2014.06.001CrossRefPubMed

Jakobsen, J. C., Gluud, C., Wetterslev, J., & Winkel, P. (2017). When and how should multiple imputation be used for handling missing data in randomised clinical trials – A practical guide with flowcharts. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 17(1), 162. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-017-0442-1CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Killian, C. (2017). Could there be a silver lining to Zika? Contexts, 16(1), 36–41. https://doi.org/10.1177/1536504217696062CrossRef

Linde, A. R., & Siqueira, C. E. (2018). Women’s lives in times of Zika: Mosquito-controlled lives? Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 34. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311X00178917

Lima, E. E. C., Zeman, K., Sobotka, T., Nathan, M., & Castro, R. (2018). The emergence of bimodal fertility profiles in Latin America. Population and Development Review, 44(4), 723–743.CrossRef

Marteleto, L. J., & Dondero, M. (2021). Navigating women’s reproductive health and childbearing during public health crises: Covid-19 and Zika in Brazil. World Development, 139, 105305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105305

Marteleto, L. J., Guedes, G., Coutinho, R. Z., & Weitzman, A. (2020). Live births and fertility amid the Zika epidemic in Brazil. Demography, 57(3), 843–872. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-020-00871-xCrossRefPubMed

Marteleto, L. J., Weitzman, A., Coutinho, R. Z., & Valongueiro Alves, S. (2017). Women’s reproductive intentions and behaviors during the Zika epidemic in Brazil. Population and Development Review, 43(2), 199–227. https://doi.org/10.1111/padr.12074CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Mehan, A., Venkatesh, A., & Girish, M. (2020). COVID-19 in pregnancy: Risk of adverse neonatal outcomes. Journal of Medical Virology, 92(11), 2295–2297. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25959CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Mocelin, H. J. S., Catão, R. C., Freitas, P. S. S., Prado, T. N., Bertolde, A. I., Castro, M. C., & Maciel, E. L. N. (2020). Analysis of the spatial distribution of cases of Zika virus infection and congenital Zika virus syndrome in a state in the southeastern region of Brazil: Sociodemographic factors and implications for public health. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 148(S2), 61–69. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.13049CrossRef

Morgan, M. (2017). Falling inequality beneath extreme and persistent concentration: New evidence for Brazil combining national accounts, surveys and fiscal data, 2001–2015. WID.World Working Paper Series, 12, 78.

Mortality Analyses. (2022). Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center. https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/data/mortality

New COVID-19 Cases Worldwide. (2021). Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center. https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/data/new-cases

Niswander, K. R., Klein, M., & Randall, C. L. (1966). Changing attitudes toward therapeutic abortion. JAMA, 196(13), 1140–1143. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1966.03100260078022CrossRefPubMed

Ogland, C. P., & Verona, A. P. (2011). Religion and attitudes toward abortion and abortion policy in Brazil. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 50(4), 812–821.CrossRefPubMed

Ostrach, B. (2017). Health policy in a time of crisis: Abortion, austerity, and access. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315308678CrossRef

PNAD Education. (2019). More than half of the persons aged 25 and over did not finish high school. (2020). Agencia IBE. https://agenciadenoticias.ibge.gov.br/en/agencia-press-room/2185-news-agency/releases-en/28289-pnad-education-2019-more-than-half-of-the-persons-aged-25-and-over-did-not-finish-high-school

Rose, R. A., & Fraser, M. W. (2008). A simplified framework for using multiple imputation in social work research. Social Work Research, 32(3), 171–178. https://doi.org/10.1093/swr/32.3.171CrossRef

Saunders, J. A., Morrow-Howell, N., Spitznagel, E., Doré, P., Proctor, E. K., & Pescarino, R. (2006). Imputing missing data: A comparison of methods for social work researchers. Social Work Research, 30, 19–31.CrossRef

Schmid, M. B., Fontijn, J., Ochsenbein-Kölble, N., Berger, C., & Bassler, D. (2020). COVID-19 in pregnant women. The Lancet. Infectious Diseases, 20(6), 653. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30175-4CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Souza, A. S. R., & Amorim, M. M. R. (2021). Maternal mortality by COVID-19 in Brazil. Revista Brasileira De Saúde Materno Infantil, 21, 253–256.CrossRef

Valente, P. K. (2017). Zika and reproductive rights in Brazil: Challenge to the right to health. American Journal of Public Health, 107(9), 1376–1380. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2017.303924CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Valliant, R., Dever, J. A., & Kreuter, F. (2013). Practical tools for designing and weighting survey samples. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6449-5CrossRef

Wenham, C., Abagaro, C., Arévalo, A., Coast, E., Corrêa, S., Cuéllar, K., Leone, T., & Valongueiro, S. (2021). Analyzing the intersection between health emergencies and abortion during Zika in Brazil, El Salvador and Colombia. Social Science & Medicine, 270, 113671. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113671

Williams, R. (2012). Using the margins command to estimate and interpret adjusted predictions and marginal effects. The Stata Journal, 12(2), 308–331. https://doi.org/10.1177/1536867X1201200209CrossRef

Yang, Z., Wang, M., Zhu, Z., & Liu, Y. (2020). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and pregnancy: A systematic review. The European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2020.1759541

Zanotti, L. (2020). From the time of rights to the time of intolerance. The neoconservative movement and the impact of the Bolsonaro government. Challenges for Brazilian Anthropology. Vibrant: Brazilian Virtual Anthropology, 17, 17458. https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-43412020v17d458

Zika Virus. (2014). CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/zika/healtheffects/birth_defects.html

Zilla, C. (2020). Evangelicals and politics in Brazil: The relevance of religious change in Latin America. In German Institute for International and Security Affairs. SWP Research Paper 1. https://doi.org/10.18449/2020RP01

Titel: Women’s Attitudes Towards Abortion in Response to the Zika and COVID-19 Outbreaks in Brazil
verfasst von: Brooke Whitfield
Leticia Marteleto
Publikationsdatum: 16.05.2023
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Sexuality Research and Social Policy / Ausgabe 4/2023
Print ISSN: 1868-9884
Elektronische ISSN: 1553-6610
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-023-00813-3

Springer Professional

Abstract

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusions and Policy Implications

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu Ihrer Lizenz zu erhalten.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 4/2023

Family Violence Within LGBTQ Communities in Australia: Intersectional Experiences and Associations with Mental Health Outcomes

Dating and Hookup Apps and Websites as Facilitators of Entry into Sex Work

Body Uneasiness and Dissatisfaction Among Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Heterosexual Persons

Sexting Behaviors Before and During COVID-19 in Italian and Colombian Young Adults

Not on the Same(-Sex) Page: How Religion Shapes Opposition to Same-Sex Marriage Among Sexual Minorities and Heterosexuals

Understanding the Impact of EU Prostitution Policies on Sex Workers: A Mixed Study Systematic Review