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Cognitive Computation
Erschienen in: Cognitive Computation 2/2011

01.06.2011

Accounting for Certain Mental Disorders Within a Comprehensive Cognitive Architecture

verfasst von: Ron Sun, Nick Wilson, Robert Mathews

Erschienen in: Cognitive Computation | Ausgabe 2/2011

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Abstract

This paper explores how mental disorders of certain types might be explained based on mechanisms and processes of human motivation (including drives and goals) and action selection (as well as other related mechanisms and processes), within a generic, comprehensive computational cognitive architecture model. It is hypothesized that such mechanisms may capture the relative invariance within an individual in terms of behavioral inclinations (at different times and with regard to different situations, as well as the necessary variability of behaviors). The hypothesis results from the computational cognitive architecture CLARION. Several simulation tests have been conducted that demonstrate that the model is reasonable and captures some characteristics of certain mental disorders (such as certain types of addiction and obsessive-compulsive disorder). The work is a first step in showing the feasibility of integrating mental disorders modeling/simulation into a generic cognitive model (i.e., a cognitive architecture).
Vorheriger Artikel Consciousness Versus Attention
Nächster Artikel XCR-1: An Experimental Cognitive Robot Based on an Associative Neural Architecture

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Fußnoten
1
Note that the selection probabilities may be variable, determined through a psychological process known as “probability matching”, that is, the probability of selecting a component is determined based on the relative success ratio of that component.
 
2
Note that a generalized notion of “drive” is adopted here, different from the stricter interpretations of drives (e.g., as physiological deficits that require to be reduced by corresponding behaviors; Hull, 1951). In our sense, drives denote internally felt needs of all kinds that likely may lead to corresponding behaviors, regardless of whether the needs are physiological or not, whether the needs may be reduced by the corresponding behaviors or not, or whether the needs are for end states or for processes. Therefore, it is a generalized notion that transcends controversies surrounding the stricter notions of drive.
 
3
Note that, in terms of the gain s parameter, averaging of the two gain s parameters may be used to handle those drives that are in both BIS and BAS.
 
4
Note that drive strengths actually could be a function of the above equation; in the simplest case, an identity function may be assumed, as shown above.
 
5
The deficit of a drive was “decayed” at each step using a multiplicative factor (decay d  = 10%), when the agent was actively addressing the drive (i.e., when the agent’s goal corresponded to the drive). See Appendix for more discussions of this issue. The "decay" of the deficit of the corresponding drive was just a simplification for the sake of this particular simulation (decay of the deficit of the drive occurred only if the input state remained the same for this simulation).
 
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Metadaten
Titel
Accounting for Certain Mental Disorders Within a Comprehensive Cognitive Architecture
verfasst von
Ron Sun
Nick Wilson
Robert Mathews
Publikationsdatum
01.06.2011
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Cognitive Computation / Ausgabe 2/2011
Print ISSN: 1866-9956
Elektronische ISSN: 1866-9964
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12559-011-9099-y

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