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2021 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

7. Choosing the Countries

verfasst von : Francisco Eduardo Beneke Avila

Erschienen in: Market Entry and Competition Law in Latin America

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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Abstract

The present chapter presents the criteria applied in choosing the Latin American countries on which the legal comparative analysis will focus. The factors considered are the economic and social characteristics depicted in the previous chapter, economic performance, characteristics of the national antitrust policy, geographic diversity, and availability of the antitrust authorities’ decisions. First, the countries will be grouped based on each of these criteria and, second, after the distinctions are made, the group of countries will be chosen with the aim of diversity so that both fast-growing and stagnant developing economies with various competition policy settings in North, Central, and South America can be analyzed.

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Vorheriges Kapitel How Different Are Latin American Countries from the EU and the US Regarding the Socio-Economic Variables Under Study?

Nächstes Kapitel Entry Analysis in Abuse of Dominance Cases

Nur mit Berechtigung zugänglich

The so called Chicago School of antitrust has influenced the law in the US on some anticompetitive behavior, leading the courts to fear interventions where they believe that the market can be a better corrector of anticompetitive effects. One example is the law on predatory pricing. See Gavil et al. (2008), pp. 66–67.

The IMF’s World Economic Outlook data are available at http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2015/01/weodata/weoselgr.aspx.

The world development indicators are available at http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog/world-development-indicators.

Ffrench-Davis (2001), p. 37. For the specific cases of Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Mexico, and Peru, see Moguillansky and Bielschowsky (2000), pp. 27–28.

Panama’s figure is 84.5 but the average is only until 2014 because of data unavailability.

As explained in Sect. 5.4, conditional convergence theories predict lower growth and investment rates for countries that start with a higher income per capita, given a set of underlying structural conditions that define the equilibrium level of average income in the population.

The World Bank List of high-income countries can be found at http://data.worldbank.org/about/country-and-lending-groups#High_income.

Kovacic (2000), pp. 363–364.

The criteria and data presented in this section is taken from Beneke (2015a, b).

Since neither of the two sovereign Latin-Caribbean states—Haiti and the Dominican Republic—had a functioning competition policy during the period of decisions that will be analyzed (2011–2015), they will not be considered for the selection.

Own calculations based on the World Bank’s world development indicators database.

Panama is one notable exception to the consistency between economic structure measures and performance. This country exhibited one of the strongest investment rates in the period under study and the fastest real GDP (per capita and aggregate) growth rate. In this case, the data compiled in the present research regarding economic and social characteristics could be missing or not capturing something. Panama’s scores on financial services and regulation are notable which could be part of the explanation.

The availability of decisions is also limited compared to El Salvador’s and Honduras’. Nicaragua’s competition authority has no published decisions after 2011, and no published decisions concerning abuse of dominance. Nicaragua’s database of decisions is available at http://www.procompetencianic.org/info/resoluciones.html.

El Salvador’s database is available at http://www.sc.gob.sv/dirs.php?Id=14&pag=1 for anticompetitive behavior and at http://www.sc.gob.sv/dirs.php?Id=13&Id_menu=302010 for merger control decisions. Honduras’ database is available at https://www.cdpc.hn/?q=www.practicas_anti for anticompetitive behavior and at https://www.cdpc.hn/?q=www.concentraciones_eco for merger control.

Chile’s decisions are available at http://www.tdlc.cl/Portal.Base/Web/VerContenido.aspx?ID=303&IDI=1271 for anticompetitive behavior and at http://www.tdlc.cl/Portal.Base/Web/VerContenido.aspx?ID=311&IDI=1273 for merger control decisions.

Beneke F (2015a) The adoption of modern competition policies in Latin America–Part I: North and Central America and the Caribbean. https://developingworldantitrust.com/2015/06/29/the-adoption-of-modern-competition-policies-in-latin-america-part-i-north-and-central-america-and-the-caribbean/

Beneke F (2015b) The adoption of modern competition policies in Latin America–Part II: South America. https://developingworldantitrust.com/2015/07/07/the-adoption-of-modern-competition-policies-in-latin-america-part-ii-south-america/

Ffrench-Davis R (2001) Las reformas económicas en América Latina: Tareas pendientes. Información Comercial Española, ICE: Revista de economía 790:37–50

Gavil A, Kovacic W, Baker J (2008) Antitrust law in perspective: cases, concepts and problems in competition policy. Thomson/West, St. Paul

Kovacic W (2000) Lessons of competition policy reform in transition economies for US antitrust policy. St. John’s Law Rev 74(2):361–406

Moguillansky G, Bielschowsky R (2000) Inversión y Reformas Económicas en América Latina. CEPAL, Chile

World Bank (2016) World Development Indicators 2016. World Bank, Washington, DCCrossRef

Titel: Choosing the Countries
verfasst von: Francisco Eduardo Beneke Avila
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Buch: Market Entry and Competition Law in Latin America
Print ISBN: 978-3-662-62346-6

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-662-62347-3

Copyright-Jahr: 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62347-3_7

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