Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 11/2012

01.11.2012

Effect of Zn on properties and microstructure of SnAgCu alloy

verfasst von: Liang Zhang, Ji-guang Han, Cheng-wen He, Yong-huan Guo

Erschienen in: Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics | Ausgabe 11/2012

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

The microstructures, wettabilities and mechanical properties of SnAgCu-xZn (x = 0, 0.5, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0) solders were investigated, respectively. The results indicated that adding small amount of Zn can evidently improve the wettability, mechanical properties and refine the microstructure of SnAgCu lead-free solder. However, there existed an effective range for the Zn addition, the best Zn content was found to be 0.8 % in the current study. Moreover, the presence of Zn in the solders plays a major role in inhibiting the growth of Cu–Sn intermetallic layer in the solder/Cu interface. Based on thermal-cycling tests, it is demonstrated that the addition of Zn can enhance the thermal-fatigue properties of SnAgCu solder joints.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat S.K. Kang, P.A. Lauro, D.Y. Shih, D.W. Henderson, K.J. Puttlitz, Microstructure and mechanical properties of lead-free solders and solder joints used in microelectronic applications[J]. IBM J. Res. Dev. 49(4–5), 607–620 (2005)CrossRef S.K. Kang, P.A. Lauro, D.Y. Shih, D.W. Henderson, K.J. Puttlitz, Microstructure and mechanical properties of lead-free solders and solder joints used in microelectronic applications[J]. IBM J. Res. Dev. 49(4–5), 607–620 (2005)CrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat J.X. Wang, Z.M. Lai, S.B. Xue, Thermal cycling reliability of Sn–Cu–Ni(–Ce) joints[J]. Transactions of the China Weld Inst 31(2), 36–40 (2010) J.X. Wang, Z.M. Lai, S.B. Xue, Thermal cycling reliability of Sn–Cu–Ni(–Ce) joints[J]. Transactions of the China Weld Inst 31(2), 36–40 (2010)
3.
Zurück zum Zitat G.D. Li, Y.W. Shi, Z.D. Xia, Y.P. Lei, F. Guo, Y.Y. Li, Effect of rare earth addition on shear strength of SnAgCu lead-free solder joints[J]. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 20(2), 186–192 (2009)CrossRef G.D. Li, Y.W. Shi, Z.D. Xia, Y.P. Lei, F. Guo, Y.Y. Li, Effect of rare earth addition on shear strength of SnAgCu lead-free solder joints[J]. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 20(2), 186–192 (2009)CrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat W.X. Deng, Y.W. Shi, Y.P. Lei, Z.D. Xia, F. Guo, Study of solidification cracks in Sn–Ag–Cu lead-free solder joints[J]. J. Electron. Mater. 38(9), 1906–1912 (2009)CrossRef W.X. Deng, Y.W. Shi, Y.P. Lei, Z.D. Xia, F. Guo, Study of solidification cracks in Sn–Ag–Cu lead-free solder joints[J]. J. Electron. Mater. 38(9), 1906–1912 (2009)CrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat L. Zhang, S.B. Xue, L.L. Gao, Y. Chen, S.L. Yu, Z. Sheng, G. Zeng, Effects of trace amount addition of rare earth on properties and microstructure of Sn–Ag–Cu alloys[J]. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 20(12), 1193–1199 (2009)CrossRef L. Zhang, S.B. Xue, L.L. Gao, Y. Chen, S.L. Yu, Z. Sheng, G. Zeng, Effects of trace amount addition of rare earth on properties and microstructure of Sn–Ag–Cu alloys[J]. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 20(12), 1193–1199 (2009)CrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat J.B. Wan, Y.C. Liu, C. Wei, Z.M. Gao, C.S. Ma, Effect of Al content on the formation of intermetallic compounds in Sn–Ag–Zn lead-free solder[J]. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 19(3), 247–253 (2010)CrossRef J.B. Wan, Y.C. Liu, C. Wei, Z.M. Gao, C.S. Ma, Effect of Al content on the formation of intermetallic compounds in Sn–Ag–Zn lead-free solder[J]. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 19(3), 247–253 (2010)CrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat J. Shen, S.Q. Lai, Y.C. Liu, H.X. Gao, J. Wei, The effects of third alloying elements on the bulk Ag3Sn formation in slowly cooled Sn-3.5Ag lead-free solder[J]. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 19(3), 275–280 (2008)CrossRef J. Shen, S.Q. Lai, Y.C. Liu, H.X. Gao, J. Wei, The effects of third alloying elements on the bulk Ag3Sn formation in slowly cooled Sn-3.5Ag lead-free solder[J]. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 19(3), 275–280 (2008)CrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat J. Chen, J. Shen, D. Min, C.F. Peng, Influence of minor Bi additions on the interfacial morphology between Sn–Zn-xBi solders and a Cu layer[J]. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 20(11), 1112–1117 (2009)CrossRef J. Chen, J. Shen, D. Min, C.F. Peng, Influence of minor Bi additions on the interfacial morphology between Sn–Zn-xBi solders and a Cu layer[J]. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 20(11), 1112–1117 (2009)CrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat C.M.L. Wu, Y.W. Wong, Rare-earth additions to lead-free electronic solders[J]. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 18(1–3), 77–91 (2007) C.M.L. Wu, Y.W. Wong, Rare-earth additions to lead-free electronic solders[J]. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 18(1–3), 77–91 (2007)
10.
Zurück zum Zitat J.W. Yoon, B.I. Noh, J.H. Choi, S.B. Jung, Effect of adding on interfacial reactions between Sn–Ag solder and Cu[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. doi:10.1007/s10854-010-0204-x J.W. Yoon, B.I. Noh, J.H. Choi, S.B. Jung, Effect of adding on interfacial reactions between Sn–Ag solder and Cu[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. doi:10.​1007/​s10854-010-0204-x
11.
Zurück zum Zitat S.K. Kang, D.Y. Shih, D. Leonard, D.W. Henderson, T. Gosselin, S.I. Cho, J. Yu, W.K. Choi, Controlling Ag3Sn plate formation in near-ternary-eutectic Sn–Ag–Cu solder by minor Zn alloying[J]. JOM J. Miner. Metals Mater. Soc. 56(6), 34–38 (2004)CrossRef S.K. Kang, D.Y. Shih, D. Leonard, D.W. Henderson, T. Gosselin, S.I. Cho, J. Yu, W.K. Choi, Controlling Ag3Sn plate formation in near-ternary-eutectic Sn–Ag–Cu solder by minor Zn alloying[J]. JOM J. Miner. Metals Mater. Soc. 56(6), 34–38 (2004)CrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat H.J. Lin, T.H. Chuang, Interfacial microstructure and bonding strength of Sn-3Ag-0.5Cu and Sn-3Ag-0.5Cu-0.5Ce-xZn solder BGA packages with immersion Ag surface finfish[J]. Microelectron. Reliab. 51(2), 445–452 (2011)CrossRef H.J. Lin, T.H. Chuang, Interfacial microstructure and bonding strength of Sn-3Ag-0.5Cu and Sn-3Ag-0.5Cu-0.5Ce-xZn solder BGA packages with immersion Ag surface finfish[J]. Microelectron. Reliab. 51(2), 445–452 (2011)CrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat H.Y. Song, Q.S. Zhu, Z.G. Wang, J.K. Shang, M. Lu, Effects of Zn addition on microstructure and tensile properties of Sn-1Ag-0.5Cu alloy[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 527(6), 1343–1350 (2010)CrossRef H.Y. Song, Q.S. Zhu, Z.G. Wang, J.K. Shang, M. Lu, Effects of Zn addition on microstructure and tensile properties of Sn-1Ag-0.5Cu alloy[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 527(6), 1343–1350 (2010)CrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat S.W. Yoon, W.K. Choi, H.M. Lee, Calculation of surface tension and wetting properties of Sn-based solder alloys[J]. Scripta Materiala 40(3), 297–302 (1999)CrossRef S.W. Yoon, W.K. Choi, H.M. Lee, Calculation of surface tension and wetting properties of Sn-based solder alloys[J]. Scripta Materiala 40(3), 297–302 (1999)CrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat S.M.L. Nai, J. Wei, M. Gupta, Improving the performance of lead-free solder reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 423(1–2), 166–169 (2006) S.M.L. Nai, J. Wei, M. Gupta, Improving the performance of lead-free solder reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 423(1–2), 166–169 (2006)
16.
Zurück zum Zitat M.F. Arenas, V.L. Acoff, Contact angle measurements of Sn–Ag and Sn–Cu lead-free solders on copper substrates[J]. J. Electron. Mater. 33(12), 1452–1458 (2004)CrossRef M.F. Arenas, V.L. Acoff, Contact angle measurements of Sn–Ag and Sn–Cu lead-free solders on copper substrates[J]. J. Electron. Mater. 33(12), 1452–1458 (2004)CrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat M. Kamal, E.S. Gouda, Effect of zinc additions on structure and properties of Sn–Ag eutectic lead-free solder alloy[J]. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 19(1), 81–84 (2008)CrossRef M. Kamal, E.S. Gouda, Effect of zinc additions on structure and properties of Sn–Ag eutectic lead-free solder alloy[J]. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 19(1), 81–84 (2008)CrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat K.L. Lin, T.P. Liu, High-temperature oxidation of a Sn–Zn–Al solder[J]. Oxid. Metals 50(3/4), 255–267 (1998)CrossRef K.L. Lin, T.P. Liu, High-temperature oxidation of a Sn–Zn–Al solder[J]. Oxid. Metals 50(3/4), 255–267 (1998)CrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat L. Zhang, S.B. Xue, L.L. Gao, Z. Sheng, H. Ye, Z.X. Xiao, G. Zeng, Y. Chen, S.L. Yu, Development of Sn–Zn lead-free solders bearing alloying elements[J]. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 21(1), 1–15 (2010)CrossRef L. Zhang, S.B. Xue, L.L. Gao, Z. Sheng, H. Ye, Z.X. Xiao, G. Zeng, Y. Chen, S.L. Yu, Development of Sn–Zn lead-free solders bearing alloying elements[J]. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 21(1), 1–15 (2010)CrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Z.B. Luo, J. Zhao, Y.J. Gao, L. Wang, Revisiting mechanisms to inhibit Ag3Sn plates in Sn–Ag–Cu solders with 1 wt.% Zn addition[J]. J. Alloys Compd 500(1), 39–45 (2010)CrossRef Z.B. Luo, J. Zhao, Y.J. Gao, L. Wang, Revisiting mechanisms to inhibit Ag3Sn plates in Sn–Ag–Cu solders with 1 wt.% Zn addition[J]. J. Alloys Compd 500(1), 39–45 (2010)CrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat M. McCormack, G.W. Kammlott, H.S. Chen, S. Jin, New lead-free, Sn–Ag–Zn–Cu solder alloy with improved mechanical properties[J]. Appl. Phys. Lett. 65(10), 1233–1235 (1994)CrossRef M. McCormack, G.W. Kammlott, H.S. Chen, S. Jin, New lead-free, Sn–Ag–Zn–Cu solder alloy with improved mechanical properties[J]. Appl. Phys. Lett. 65(10), 1233–1235 (1994)CrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat A. Fawzy, Effect of Zn addition, strain rate and deformation temperature on the tensile properties of Sn-3.3 wt.%Ag solder alloy[J]. Mater. Charact. 58(4), 323–331 (2007)CrossRef A. Fawzy, Effect of Zn addition, strain rate and deformation temperature on the tensile properties of Sn-3.3 wt.%Ag solder alloy[J]. Mater. Charact. 58(4), 323–331 (2007)CrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat B. Lu, J.H. Wang, H. Li, H.W. Zhu, X.H. Jiao, Effect of 0.10 % Ce on intermetallic compounds at Sn-0.7Cu-0.5Ni/Cu[J]. Chin. J. Nonferrous Metals 17(3), 390–395 (2007) B. Lu, J.H. Wang, H. Li, H.W. Zhu, X.H. Jiao, Effect of 0.10 % Ce on intermetallic compounds at Sn-0.7Cu-0.5Ni/Cu[J]. Chin. J. Nonferrous Metals 17(3), 390–395 (2007)
24.
Zurück zum Zitat J.W. Yoon, Y.H. Lee, D.G. Kim, H.B. Kang, S.J. Suh, C.W. Yang, C.B. Lee, J.M. Jung, C.S. Yoo, S.B. Jung, Intermetallic compound layer growth at the interface between Sn–Cu–Ni solder and Cu substrate[J]. J. Alloys Compd 381(1–2), 151–157 (2004)CrossRef J.W. Yoon, Y.H. Lee, D.G. Kim, H.B. Kang, S.J. Suh, C.W. Yang, C.B. Lee, J.M. Jung, C.S. Yoo, S.B. Jung, Intermetallic compound layer growth at the interface between Sn–Cu–Ni solder and Cu substrate[J]. J. Alloys Compd 381(1–2), 151–157 (2004)CrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat G. Ghosh, Interfacial microstructure and the kinetics of interfacial reaction in diffusion couples between Sn–Pb solder and Cu/Ni/P metallization[J]. Acta Materizlia 48(14), 3719–3738 (2000)CrossRef G. Ghosh, Interfacial microstructure and the kinetics of interfacial reaction in diffusion couples between Sn–Pb solder and Cu/Ni/P metallization[J]. Acta Materizlia 48(14), 3719–3738 (2000)CrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat L.L. Gao, S.B. Xue, L. Zhang, Z. Sheng, F. Ji, W. Dai, S.L. Yu, G. Zeng, Effect of alloying elements on properties and microstructures of SnAgCu solders[J]. Microelectron. Eng. 87(11), 2025–2034 (2010)CrossRef L.L. Gao, S.B. Xue, L. Zhang, Z. Sheng, F. Ji, W. Dai, S.L. Yu, G. Zeng, Effect of alloying elements on properties and microstructures of SnAgCu solders[J]. Microelectron. Eng. 87(11), 2025–2034 (2010)CrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat F.J. Wang, F. Gao, X. Ma, Y.Y. Qian, Depressing effect of 0.2 wt.% Zn addition into Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu solder alloy on the intermetallic growth with Cu substrate during isothermal aging[J]. J. Electron. Mater. 35(10), 1818–1824 (2006)CrossRef F.J. Wang, F. Gao, X. Ma, Y.Y. Qian, Depressing effect of 0.2 wt.% Zn addition into Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu solder alloy on the intermetallic growth with Cu substrate during isothermal aging[J]. J. Electron. Mater. 35(10), 1818–1824 (2006)CrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat M.G. Cho, S.K. Kang, D.Y. Shih, H.M. Lee, Effects of minor additions of Zn on interfacial reactions of Sn–Ag–Cu and Sn–Cu solders with various Cu substrates during thermal aging[J]. J. Electron. Mater. 36(11), 1501–1509 (2007)CrossRef M.G. Cho, S.K. Kang, D.Y. Shih, H.M. Lee, Effects of minor additions of Zn on interfacial reactions of Sn–Ag–Cu and Sn–Cu solders with various Cu substrates during thermal aging[J]. J. Electron. Mater. 36(11), 1501–1509 (2007)CrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Y.K. Jee, J. Yu, Y.H. Ko, Effects of Zn addition on the drop reliability of Sn-3.5Ag-xZn/Ni(P) solder joints[J]. J. Mater. Res. 22(10), 2776–2784 (2007)CrossRef Y.K. Jee, J. Yu, Y.H. Ko, Effects of Zn addition on the drop reliability of Sn-3.5Ag-xZn/Ni(P) solder joints[J]. J. Mater. Res. 22(10), 2776–2784 (2007)CrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Q. Guo, M. Zhao, H.F. Wang, SMT solder joint’s semi-experimental fatigue model [J]. Mech. Res. Commun. 32(3), 351–358 (2005)CrossRef Q. Guo, M. Zhao, H.F. Wang, SMT solder joint’s semi-experimental fatigue model [J]. Mech. Res. Commun. 32(3), 351–358 (2005)CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Effect of Zn on properties and microstructure of SnAgCu alloy
verfasst von
Liang Zhang
Ji-guang Han
Cheng-wen He
Yong-huan Guo
Publikationsdatum
01.11.2012
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics / Ausgabe 11/2012
Print ISSN: 0957-4522
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-482X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-012-0686-9

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 11/2012

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 11/2012 Zur Ausgabe

Neuer Inhalt