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Journal of Business Ethics

Erschienen in:

08.10.2014

Theory of Monetary Intelligence: Money Attitudes—Religious Values, Making Money, Making Ethical Decisions, and Making the Grade

verfasst von: Thomas Li-Ping Tang

Erschienen in: Journal of Business Ethics | Ausgabe 3/2016

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Abstract

This study explores (1) the effect of a short ethics intervention—a chapter of business ethics in a business course—on perceptions of business courses and personal values toward making money and making ethical decisions and (2) Monetary Intelligence (MI). Since attitudes predict intentions and behaviors, Monetary Intelligence, a form of social intelligence, is defined as the extent to which individuals monitor their own monetary motive, behavior, and cognition; apply the information to evaluate critical concerns and options; select strategies to achieve financial goals; and reach ultimate success and subjective well-being. I theorize that the affective (love of money motive) aspect of MI is unrelated to perceptions of “course work,” yet it is positively related to their “personal values” toward making money, but negatively related to making ethical decisions. Individuals with high MI (low affective love of money motive) have low interests in making money, but high levels of intrinsic religiosity and recall of the Ten Commandments and high interests in making ethical decisions and making the grade (objective academic performance). Based on data from multiple panels and multiple sources, this study provides the following discoveries. Contrary to expectations, there are no differences in students’ perceptions of course work and their personal values toward making money and making ethical decisions between two measures—before and after the ethics intervention. Results of this study not only provide empirical supports for the bright side of theory of Monetary Intelligence (MI, Monetary Quotient, MQ) but also reveal a new paradox—recall of the Ten Commandments (the priming effect) is positively related to making ethical decisions, but negatively related to making money. Results illustrate important theoretical, empirical, and practical implications to the literature of money attitudes, religiosity, intrinsic motivation, and business ethics.

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I use the term—making the grade—literally, which is quite different from the colloquial use, to match the other two important constructs—making money and making ethical decisions.

To anyone who has, more will be given and he will grow rich; from anyone who has not, even what he has will be taken away (Matthew 13: 12).

Due to the use of formative model, all sub-constructs contribute either positively or negatively to the overall latent construct, MI, which leads to positive or negative outcomes.

The Holy Bible: Exodus 20: 2–17.

The Quran: http://www.answering-christianity.com/quran_ten_commandments.htm; The Buddhist (Ten Percepts): http://www.geocities.com/dpham_001/general/TenPrecepts.html

Confucianist: http://www.som.org/8interfaith/confucius.htm. This one is significantly different from the Ten Commandments listed in the Bible (Exodus 20: 2–17).

No one can serve two masters. He will either hate one and love the other, or he devoted to one and despise the other. You cannot serve God and mammon (Matthew 6: 24).

Factor Donate Money was deleted due to lack of these activities among these students.

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Titel: Theory of Monetary Intelligence: Money Attitudes—Religious Values, Making Money, Making Ethical Decisions, and Making the Grade
verfasst von: Thomas Li-Ping Tang
Publikationsdatum: 08.10.2014
Verlag: Springer Netherlands
Erschienen in: Journal of Business Ethics / Ausgabe 3/2016
Print ISSN: 0167-4544
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-0697
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-014-2411-5

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