Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Journal of Happiness Studies 3/2015

01.06.2015 | Research Paper

Strengths Use and Life Satisfaction: A Moderated Mediation Approach

verfasst von: Richard P. Douglass, Ryan D. Duffy

Erschienen in: Journal of Happiness Studies | Ausgabe 3/2015

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

This manuscript examined mediators and moderators that may explain the link between strengths use and life satisfaction with a sample of 224 undergraduate students. A mediation model was tested hypothesizing that self-esteem would partially mediate the strengths use-life satisfaction link. Additionally, a moderated mediation model was tested examining positive affect as a moderator within the hypothesized model. Results suggest that a partial reason strengths use related to life satisfaction was due to an increased level of self-esteem. However, this finding must be taken in light of our mediation analysis being conducted with cross-sectional data, a limitation discussed in further detail. Furthermore, positive affect moderated the self-esteem-life satisfaction link, such that the link was stronger for individuals with low and moderate levels of positive affect. This manuscript addresses a major gap in the positive psychology literature by attempting to examine why strengths use relates to increased life satisfaction. Implications for research are discussed.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Arrindell, W. A., Heesink, J., & Feij, J. A. (1999). The satisfaction with life scale (SWLS): Appraisal with 1700 healthy young adults in The Netherlands. Personality and Individual Differences, 26(5), 815–826. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(98)00180-9.CrossRef Arrindell, W. A., Heesink, J., & Feij, J. A. (1999). The satisfaction with life scale (SWLS): Appraisal with 1700 healthy young adults in The Netherlands. Personality and Individual Differences, 26(5), 815–826. doi:10.​1016/​S0191-8869(98)00180-9.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Busseri, A. M., Sadava, W. S., & Decourville, N. (2007). A hybrid model for research on subjective well-being: Examining common- and component –specific sources of variance in life satisfaction, positive affect, and negative affect. Social Indicators Research, 83, 413–445. doi:10.1007/s11205-006-9028-8.CrossRef Busseri, A. M., Sadava, W. S., & Decourville, N. (2007). A hybrid model for research on subjective well-being: Examining common- and component –specific sources of variance in life satisfaction, positive affect, and negative affect. Social Indicators Research, 83, 413–445. doi:10.​1007/​s11205-006-9028-8.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Chamberlain, K. (1988). On the structure of subjective well-being. Social Indicators Research, 20, 581–604. Chamberlain, K. (1988). On the structure of subjective well-being. Social Indicators Research, 20, 581–604.
Zurück zum Zitat Clifton, D. O., & Anderson, C. E. (2002). Strengths quest: Discover and develop your strengths in academics, career, and beyond. Washington, DC: The Gallup Organization. Clifton, D. O., & Anderson, C. E. (2002). Strengths quest: Discover and develop your strengths in academics, career, and beyond. Washington, DC: The Gallup Organization.
Zurück zum Zitat Diener, E., & Diener, M. (1995). Cross-cultural correlates of life satisfaction and self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 653–663.CrossRef Diener, E., & Diener, M. (1995). Cross-cultural correlates of life satisfaction and self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 653–663.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Diener, E., & Lucas, R. E. (1999). Personality and subjective well-being. In D. Kahneman, E. Diener, & N. Schwarz (Eds.), Well-being: The foundations of hedonic psychology (p. 3). New York: Russell Sage Foundation. Diener, E., & Lucas, R. E. (1999). Personality and subjective well-being. In D. Kahneman, E. Diener, & N. Schwarz (Eds.), Well-being: The foundations of hedonic psychology (p. 3). New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
Zurück zum Zitat Elliot, A. J., Gable, S. L., & Mapes, R. R. (2005). Approach and avoidance motivation in the social domain. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 32, 378–391. doi:10.1177/0146167205282153. Elliot, A. J., Gable, S. L., & Mapes, R. R. (2005). Approach and avoidance motivation in the social domain. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 32, 378–391. doi:10.​1177/​0146167205282153​.
Zurück zum Zitat Emmons, R. A., & McCullough, M. E. (2003). Counting blessings versus burdens: An experimental investigation of gratitude and subjective well-being in daily life. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(2), 377–389. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.84.2.377.CrossRef Emmons, R. A., & McCullough, M. E. (2003). Counting blessings versus burdens: An experimental investigation of gratitude and subjective well-being in daily life. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(2), 377–389. doi:10.​1037/​0022-3514.​84.​2.​377.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Fleming, J. S., & Courtney, B. E. (1984). The dimensionality of self-esteem: II. Hierarchical facet model for revised measurement scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46, 404–421. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.46.2.404.CrossRef Fleming, J. S., & Courtney, B. E. (1984). The dimensionality of self-esteem: II. Hierarchical facet model for revised measurement scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46, 404–421. doi:10.​1037/​0022-3514.​46.​2.​404.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Forest, J., Mageau, G. A., Crevier-Braud, L., Bergeron, E., Dubreuil, P., & Lavigne, G. L. (2012). Harmonious passion as an explanation of the relation between signature strengths’ use and well-being at work: Test of an intervention program. Human Relations, 65(9), 1233–1252. doi:10.1177/0018726711433134.CrossRef Forest, J., Mageau, G. A., Crevier-Braud, L., Bergeron, E., Dubreuil, P., & Lavigne, G. L. (2012). Harmonious passion as an explanation of the relation between signature strengths’ use and well-being at work: Test of an intervention program. Human Relations, 65(9), 1233–1252. doi:10.​1177/​0018726711433134​.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Froh, J. J., Kashdan, T. B., Ozimkowski, K. M., & Miller, N. (2009). Who benefits the most from a gratitude intervention in children and adolescents? Examining positive affect as a moderator. Journal of Positive Psychology, 4(5), 408–422. doi:10.1080/17439760902992464.CrossRef Froh, J. J., Kashdan, T. B., Ozimkowski, K. M., & Miller, N. (2009). Who benefits the most from a gratitude intervention in children and adolescents? Examining positive affect as a moderator. Journal of Positive Psychology, 4(5), 408–422. doi:10.​1080/​1743976090299246​4.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Gander, F., Proyer, R. T., Ruch, W., & Wyss, T. (2013). Strength-based positive interventions: Further evidence for their potential in enhancing well-being and alleviating depression. Journal of Happiness Studies, 14(4), 1241–1259. doi:10.1007/s10902-012-9380-0.CrossRef Gander, F., Proyer, R. T., Ruch, W., & Wyss, T. (2013). Strength-based positive interventions: Further evidence for their potential in enhancing well-being and alleviating depression. Journal of Happiness Studies, 14(4), 1241–1259. doi:10.​1007/​s10902-012-9380-0.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Gillham, J., Adams-Deutsch, Z., Werner, J., Reivich, K., Coulter-Heindl, V., Linkins, M., et al. (2011). Character strengths predict subjective well-being during adolescence. Journal of Positive Psychology, 6(1), 31–44. doi:10.1080/17439760.2010.536773.CrossRef Gillham, J., Adams-Deutsch, Z., Werner, J., Reivich, K., Coulter-Heindl, V., Linkins, M., et al. (2011). Character strengths predict subjective well-being during adolescence. Journal of Positive Psychology, 6(1), 31–44. doi:10.​1080/​17439760.​2010.​536773.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Govindji, R., & Linley, P. (2007). Strengths use, self-concordance and well-being: Implications for strengths coaching and coaching psychologists. International Coaching Psychology Review, 2(2), 143–153. Govindji, R., & Linley, P. (2007). Strengths use, self-concordance and well-being: Implications for strengths coaching and coaching psychologists. International Coaching Psychology Review, 2(2), 143–153.
Zurück zum Zitat Isaacowitz, D. M., Vaillant, G. E., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2003). Strengths and satisfaction across the adult lifespan. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 57(2), 181–201. doi:10.2190/61EJ-LDYR-Q55N-UT6E.CrossRef Isaacowitz, D. M., Vaillant, G. E., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2003). Strengths and satisfaction across the adult lifespan. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 57(2), 181–201. doi:10.​2190/​61EJ-LDYR-Q55N-UT6E.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Joshanloo, M., & Afshari, S. (2011). Big five personality traits and self-esteem as predictors of life satisfaction in Iranian Muslim university students. Journal of Happiness Studies, 12(1), 105–113. doi:10.1007/s10902-009-9177-y.CrossRef Joshanloo, M., & Afshari, S. (2011). Big five personality traits and self-esteem as predictors of life satisfaction in Iranian Muslim university students. Journal of Happiness Studies, 12(1), 105–113. doi:10.​1007/​s10902-009-9177-y.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Liu, R.-D., Shen, C.-X., Xu, L., & Gao, Q. (2013). Children’s internet information seeking, life satisfaction and loneliness: The mediating and moderating role of self-esteem. Computers and Education, 68, 21–28. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2013.04.019.CrossRef Liu, R.-D., Shen, C.-X., Xu, L., & Gao, Q. (2013). Children’s internet information seeking, life satisfaction and loneliness: The mediating and moderating role of self-esteem. Computers and Education, 68, 21–28. doi:10.​1016/​j.​compedu.​2013.​04.​019.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Maxwell, S. E., Cole, D. A., & Mitchell, M. A. (2011). Bias in cross-sectional analyses of longitudinal mediation: Partial and complete mediation under an autoregressive model. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 46(5), 816–841. doi:10.1080/00273171.2011.606716.CrossRef Maxwell, S. E., Cole, D. A., & Mitchell, M. A. (2011). Bias in cross-sectional analyses of longitudinal mediation: Partial and complete mediation under an autoregressive model. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 46(5), 816–841. doi:10.​1080/​00273171.​2011.​606716.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Minhas, G. (2010). Developing realised and unrealized strengths: Implications for engagement, self-esteem, life satisfaction and well-being. Assessment and Development Matters, 2, 12–16. Minhas, G. (2010). Developing realised and unrealized strengths: Implications for engagement, self-esteem, life satisfaction and well-being. Assessment and Development Matters, 2, 12–16.
Zurück zum Zitat Mongrain, M., & Anselmo-Matthews, T. (2012). Do positive psychology exercises work? A replication of Seligman et al. (). Journal of Clinical Psychology, 68(4). doi:10.1002/jclp.21839. Mongrain, M., & Anselmo-Matthews, T. (2012). Do positive psychology exercises work? A replication of Seligman et al. (). Journal of Clinical Psychology, 68(4). doi:10.​1002/​jclp.​21839.
Zurück zum Zitat Otake, K., Shimai, S., Tanaka-Matsumi, J., Otsui, K., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2006). Happy people become happier through kindness: A counting kindnesses intervention. Journal of Happiness Studies, 7, 361–375. doi:10.1007/s10902-005-3650-z.CrossRef Otake, K., Shimai, S., Tanaka-Matsumi, J., Otsui, K., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2006). Happy people become happier through kindness: A counting kindnesses intervention. Journal of Happiness Studies, 7, 361–375. doi:10.​1007/​s10902-005-3650-z.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Peterson, C., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2004). Character strengths and virtues: A handbook and classification. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Peterson, C., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2004). Character strengths and virtues: A handbook and classification. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Zurück zum Zitat Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40, 879–891. doi:10.3758/BRM.40.3.879.CrossRef Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40, 879–891. doi:10.​3758/​BRM.​40.​3.​879.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Preacher, K. J., Rucker, D. D., & Hayes, A. F. (2007). Assessing moderated mediation hypotheses: Theory, methods, and prescriptions. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 42, 185–227. doi:10.1080/00273170701341316.CrossRef Preacher, K. J., Rucker, D. D., & Hayes, A. F. (2007). Assessing moderated mediation hypotheses: Theory, methods, and prescriptions. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 42, 185–227. doi:10.​1080/​0027317070134131​6.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Proctor, C., Maltby, J., & Linley, P. A. (2011a). Strengths use as a predictor of well-being and health-related quality of life. Journal of Happiness Studies, 12(1), 153–169. doi:10.1007/s10902-009-9181-2.CrossRef Proctor, C., Maltby, J., & Linley, P. A. (2011a). Strengths use as a predictor of well-being and health-related quality of life. Journal of Happiness Studies, 12(1), 153–169. doi:10.​1007/​s10902-009-9181-2.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Proctor, C., Tsukayama, E., Wood, A. M., Maltby, J., Eades, J. F., & Linley, P. A. (2011b). Strengths gym: The impact of a character strengths-based intervention on the life satisfaction and well-being of adolescents. Journal of Positive Psychology, 6(5), 377–388. doi:10.1080/17439760.2011.594079.CrossRef Proctor, C., Tsukayama, E., Wood, A. M., Maltby, J., Eades, J. F., & Linley, P. A. (2011b). Strengths gym: The impact of a character strengths-based intervention on the life satisfaction and well-being of adolescents. Journal of Positive Psychology, 6(5), 377–388. doi:10.​1080/​17439760.​2011.​594079.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univer Press. Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univer Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Rosenberg, M. (1979). Conceiving the self. New York: Basic Books. Rosenberg, M. (1979). Conceiving the self. New York: Basic Books.
Zurück zum Zitat Roysamb, E., Harris, J. R., Magnus, P., Vitterso, J., & Tams, K. (2002). Subjective well-being: Sex-specific effects of genetic and environmental factors. Personality and Individual Differences, 32, 211–223. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(01)00019-8.CrossRef Roysamb, E., Harris, J. R., Magnus, P., Vitterso, J., & Tams, K. (2002). Subjective well-being: Sex-specific effects of genetic and environmental factors. Personality and Individual Differences, 32, 211–223. doi:10.​1016/​S0191-8869(01)00019-8.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Seligman, M. E. P. (2002). Authentic happiness: Using the new positive psychology to realize your potential for lasting fulfillment. New York, NY US: Free Press. Seligman, M. E. P. (2002). Authentic happiness: Using the new positive psychology to realize your potential for lasting fulfillment. New York, NY US: Free Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 1063–1070. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063.CrossRef Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 1063–1070. doi:10.​1037/​0022-3514.​54.​6.​1063.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Westaway, M. S., Maritz, C., & Golele, N. J. (2003). Empirical testing of the satisfaction with life scale: A South African pilot study. Psychological Reports, 92, 551–554.CrossRef Westaway, M. S., Maritz, C., & Golele, N. J. (2003). Empirical testing of the satisfaction with life scale: A South African pilot study. Psychological Reports, 92, 551–554.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Wood, A. M., Linley, P. A., Maltby, J., Kashdan, T. B., & Hurling, R. (2011). Using personal and psychological strengths leads to increases in well-being over time a longitudinal study and the development of the strengths use questionnaire. Personality and Individual Differences, 50(1), 15–19. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2010.08.004.CrossRef Wood, A. M., Linley, P. A., Maltby, J., Kashdan, T. B., & Hurling, R. (2011). Using personal and psychological strengths leads to increases in well-being over time a longitudinal study and the development of the strengths use questionnaire. Personality and Individual Differences, 50(1), 15–19. doi:10.​1016/​j.​paid.​2010.​08.​004.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Yarcheski, A., Mahon, N. E., & Yarcheski, T. J. (2001). Social support and well-being in early adolescents: The role of mediating variables. Clinical Nursing Research, 10, 163–181. doi:10.1177/10547730122158851.CrossRef Yarcheski, A., Mahon, N. E., & Yarcheski, T. J. (2001). Social support and well-being in early adolescents: The role of mediating variables. Clinical Nursing Research, 10, 163–181. doi:10.​1177/​1054773012215885​1.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ye, S., Yu, L., & Li, K.-K. (2012). A cross-lagged model of self-esteem and life satisfaction: Gender differences among Chinese university students. Personality and Individual Differences, 52(4), 546–551. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2011.11.018.CrossRef Ye, S., Yu, L., & Li, K.-K. (2012). A cross-lagged model of self-esteem and life satisfaction: Gender differences among Chinese university students. Personality and Individual Differences, 52(4), 546–551. doi:10.​1016/​j.​paid.​2011.​11.​018.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Zhang, L. W., & Leung, J. P. (2002). Moderating effects of gender and age on relationship between self-esteem and life satisfaction in Mainland Chinese. International Journal of Psychology, 37, 83–91. doi:10.1080/00207560143000252.CrossRef Zhang, L. W., & Leung, J. P. (2002). Moderating effects of gender and age on relationship between self-esteem and life satisfaction in Mainland Chinese. International Journal of Psychology, 37, 83–91. doi:10.​1080/​0020756014300025​2.CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Strengths Use and Life Satisfaction: A Moderated Mediation Approach
verfasst von
Richard P. Douglass
Ryan D. Duffy
Publikationsdatum
01.06.2015
Verlag
Springer Netherlands
Erschienen in
Journal of Happiness Studies / Ausgabe 3/2015
Print ISSN: 1389-4978
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-7780
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-014-9525-4

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 3/2015

Journal of Happiness Studies 3/2015 Zur Ausgabe