Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Acta Mechanica Sinica 3/2016

10.03.2016 | Research Paper

Process, mechanism and impacts of scale formation in alkaline flooding by a variable porosity and permeability model

verfasst von: Zhen Zhang, Jiachun Li

Erschienen in: Acta Mechanica Sinica | Ausgabe 3/2016

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

In spite of the role of alkali in enhancing oil recovery (EOR), the formation of precipitation during alkaline-surfactant-polymer (ASP) flooding can severely do harm to the stratum of oil reservoirs, which has been observed in situ tests of oil fields such as scale deposits found in oil stratum and at the bottom of oil wells. On the other hand, remarkable variation of stratum parameters, e.g., pore radius, porosity, and permeability due to scale formation considerably affects seepage flow and alkaline flooding process in return. The objective of this study is to firstly examine these mutual influential phenomena and corresponding mechanisms along with EOR during alkaline flooding when the effects of precipitation are no longer negligible. The chemical kinetic theory is applied for the specific fundamental reactions to describe the process of rock dissolution in silica-based reservoirs. The solubility product principle is used to analyze the mechanism of alkali scale formation in flooding. Then a 3D alkaline flooding coupling model accounting for the variation of porosity and permeability is established to quantitatively estimate the impact of alkali scales on reservoir stratum. The reliability of the present model is verified in comparison with indoor experiments and field tests of the Daqing oil field. Then, the numerical simulations on a 1/4 well group in a 5-spot pattern show that the precipitation grows with alkali concentration, temperature, and injection pressure and, thus, reduces reservoir permeability and oil recovery correspondingly. As a result, the selection of alkali with a weak base is preferable in ASP flooding by tradeoff strategy.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Fodi, B., Hentschke, R.: Simulated phase behavior of model surfactant solutions. Langmuir 16, 1626–1633 (2000)CrossRef Fodi, B., Hentschke, R.: Simulated phase behavior of model surfactant solutions. Langmuir 16, 1626–1633 (2000)CrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Liu, Q., Dong, M., Zhou, W., et al.: Improved oil recovery by adsorption-desorption in chemical flooding. J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 43, 75–86 (2004)CrossRef Liu, Q., Dong, M., Zhou, W., et al.: Improved oil recovery by adsorption-desorption in chemical flooding. J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 43, 75–86 (2004)CrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Ratledge, C.: Fatty acid biosynthesis in microorganisms being used for single cell oil production. Biochimie 86, 807–815 (2004)CrossRef Ratledge, C.: Fatty acid biosynthesis in microorganisms being used for single cell oil production. Biochimie 86, 807–815 (2004)CrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhang, Z., Li, J.C., Zhou, J.F.: Microscopic roles of “viscoelasticity” in HPMA polymer flooding for EOR. Trans. Porous Media 86, 229–244 (2011)MathSciNetCrossRef Zhang, Z., Li, J.C., Zhou, J.F.: Microscopic roles of “viscoelasticity” in HPMA polymer flooding for EOR. Trans. Porous Media 86, 229–244 (2011)MathSciNetCrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Okoye, C.U., Ping-Hu, W., Oungpasuk, P.: An improved linear chemical model for alkaline steamflooding. In: SPE Western Regional Meeting, Long Beach, 123–141 (1991) Okoye, C.U., Ping-Hu, W., Oungpasuk, P.: An improved linear chemical model for alkaline steamflooding. In: SPE Western Regional Meeting, Long Beach, 123–141 (1991)
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Turksoy, U., Bagci, S.: Improved oil recovery using alkaline solutions in limestone medium. J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 26, 105–119 (2000)CrossRef Turksoy, U., Bagci, S.: Improved oil recovery using alkaline solutions in limestone medium. J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 26, 105–119 (2000)CrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Chatterjee, J., Wasan, D.T.: A kinetic model for dynamic interfacial tension variation in an acidic oil/alkali/surfactant system. Chem. Eng. Sci. 53, 2711–2725 (1998)CrossRef Chatterjee, J., Wasan, D.T.: A kinetic model for dynamic interfacial tension variation in an acidic oil/alkali/surfactant system. Chem. Eng. Sci. 53, 2711–2725 (1998)CrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Efremov, E.P., Vachourkine, A.I.: A generalized statement concerning the results of laboratory and test studies on alkaline injection in an experimental area of the Trekhozernoye Deposit. In: European Symposium on EOR, Paris (1982) Efremov, E.P., Vachourkine, A.I.: A generalized statement concerning the results of laboratory and test studies on alkaline injection in an experimental area of the Trekhozernoye Deposit. In: European Symposium on EOR, Paris (1982)
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Krumrine, P.H., Mayer, E.H., Brock, G.F.: Scale formation during alkaline flooding. J. Pet. Technol. 37, 1466–1474 (1985)CrossRef Krumrine, P.H., Mayer, E.H., Brock, G.F.: Scale formation during alkaline flooding. J. Pet. Technol. 37, 1466–1474 (1985)CrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Li, P., Cheng, Z.F., Wang, X.J.: Forming mechanism and prediction method of silica scaling in oil wells with alkaline-surfactant-polymer flooding. Acta Pet. Sin. 24, 63–66 (2003). (in Chinese) Li, P., Cheng, Z.F., Wang, X.J.: Forming mechanism and prediction method of silica scaling in oil wells with alkaline-surfactant-polymer flooding. Acta Pet. Sin. 24, 63–66 (2003). (in Chinese)
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhao, C.J., Li, X.F., Zhou, S.H.: The scale analysis of ASP flooding in Daqing oil field. Pet. Geol. Recov. Effic. 13, 93–95 (2006). (in Chinese) Zhao, C.J., Li, X.F., Zhou, S.H.: The scale analysis of ASP flooding in Daqing oil field. Pet. Geol. Recov. Effic. 13, 93–95 (2006). (in Chinese)
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Song, R., Xu, D.P., Zuo, X.W.: A case study of ASP multi-well groups. In: SPE EOR Conference at Oil & Gas West Asia, Muscat (2010) Song, R., Xu, D.P., Zuo, X.W.: A case study of ASP multi-well groups. In: SPE EOR Conference at Oil & Gas West Asia, Muscat (2010)
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Joseph, A., Kirk, M., Tyler, E.: Mitigating silicate scale in production wells in an oilfield in Alberta. In: SPE International Symposium on Oilfield Chemistry, The Woodlands (2011) Joseph, A., Kirk, M., Tyler, E.: Mitigating silicate scale in production wells in an oilfield in Alberta. In: SPE International Symposium on Oilfield Chemistry, The Woodlands (2011)
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Liu, W.C., Yan, S.G., Jiang, B.N.: Alumosilicate scale formation owing to alkalis in chemical flooding solutionsIprecipitation of alumosilicates in alkali kaolinite systems. Oilfield Chem. 13, 64–67 (1996). (in Chinese) Liu, W.C., Yan, S.G., Jiang, B.N.: Alumosilicate scale formation owing to alkalis in chemical flooding solutionsIprecipitation of alumosilicates in alkali kaolinite systems. Oilfield Chem. 13, 64–67 (1996). (in Chinese)
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Abu-Khamsin, S.A., Ahmad, S.J.: Laboratory study on precipitation of calcium sulphate in Berea sandstone cores. In: SPE Technical Symposium of Saudi Arabia Section, Dhahran (2005) Abu-Khamsin, S.A., Ahmad, S.J.: Laboratory study on precipitation of calcium sulphate in Berea sandstone cores. In: SPE Technical Symposium of Saudi Arabia Section, Dhahran (2005)
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Amer, B.M.: The study of scale formation in oil reservoir during water injection at high-barium and high-salinity formation water. [Master Thesis]. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (2007) Amer, B.M.: The study of scale formation in oil reservoir during water injection at high-barium and high-salinity formation water. [Master Thesis]. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (2007)
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhang, Q.S., Chen, W.: Scaling property and regularity of production well by ASP flooding process in Daqing oil field. Xinjiang Pet. Geol. 31, 78–80 (2010). (in Chinese) Zhang, Q.S., Chen, W.: Scaling property and regularity of production well by ASP flooding process in Daqing oil field. Xinjiang Pet. Geol. 31, 78–80 (2010). (in Chinese)
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Sanford, W.E.: Simulation of calcite dissolution and porosity changes in saltwater mixing zones in coastal aquifers. Water Resour. Res. 25, 655–667 (1989)CrossRef Sanford, W.E.: Simulation of calcite dissolution and porosity changes in saltwater mixing zones in coastal aquifers. Water Resour. Res. 25, 655–667 (1989)CrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Le Gallo, Y., Bildstein, O., Brosse, E.: Coupled reaction-flow modeling of diagenetic changes in reservoir permeability, porosity and mineral compositions. J. Hydrol. 209, 366–388 (1998)CrossRef Le Gallo, Y., Bildstein, O., Brosse, E.: Coupled reaction-flow modeling of diagenetic changes in reservoir permeability, porosity and mineral compositions. J. Hydrol. 209, 366–388 (1998)CrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Noiriel, C., Gouze, P., Bernard, D.: Investigation of porosity and permeability effects from microstructure changes during limestone dissolution. Geophys. Res. Lett. 31, L24603 (2004)CrossRef Noiriel, C., Gouze, P., Bernard, D.: Investigation of porosity and permeability effects from microstructure changes during limestone dissolution. Geophys. Res. Lett. 31, L24603 (2004)CrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Al Gahtani, F.: Diagenetic controls on evolution of porosity in the permian illawarra coal measures, Southern Sydney Basin, Australia. Arab. J. Geosci. 7, 5473–5494 (2014)CrossRef Al Gahtani, F.: Diagenetic controls on evolution of porosity in the permian illawarra coal measures, Southern Sydney Basin, Australia. Arab. J. Geosci. 7, 5473–5494 (2014)CrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Mohnot, S.M., Bae, J.H., Foley, W.L.: A study of mineral/alkali reactions. SPE Reserv. Eng. 2, 653–663 (1987)CrossRef Mohnot, S.M., Bae, J.H., Foley, W.L.: A study of mineral/alkali reactions. SPE Reserv. Eng. 2, 653–663 (1987)CrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Shi, G.R.: Dissolution-precipitation model for smectite-illite transformation. Acta Pet. Sin. 27, 47–50 (2006). (in Chinese) Shi, G.R.: Dissolution-precipitation model for smectite-illite transformation. Acta Pet. Sin. 27, 47–50 (2006). (in Chinese)
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Cheng, K.H.: Chemical consumption during alkaline flooding: A comparative evaluation. In: SPE/DOS Symposium on Enhanced Oil Recovery, Tulsa (1986) Cheng, K.H.: Chemical consumption during alkaline flooding: A comparative evaluation. In: SPE/DOS Symposium on Enhanced Oil Recovery, Tulsa (1986)
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Dezabala, E.F., Vislocky, J.M., Rubin, E.: A chemical theory for linear alkaline flooding. SPE J. 22, 245–258 (1982)CrossRef Dezabala, E.F., Vislocky, J.M., Rubin, E.: A chemical theory for linear alkaline flooding. SPE J. 22, 245–258 (1982)CrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Bunge, A.L., Radke, C.J.: Migration of alkaline pulses in reservoir sands. SPE J. 22, 998–1012 (1982)CrossRef Bunge, A.L., Radke, C.J.: Migration of alkaline pulses in reservoir sands. SPE J. 22, 998–1012 (1982)CrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Ramakrishnan, T.S., Wasan, D.T.: Fractional-flow model for high-pH flooding. SPE Reserv. Eng. 4, 59–68 (1989) Ramakrishnan, T.S., Wasan, D.T.: Fractional-flow model for high-pH flooding. SPE Reserv. Eng. 4, 59–68 (1989)
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Bhuyan, D., Lake, L.W., Pope, G.A.: Mathematical modeling of high-pH chemical flooding. SPE Reserv. Eng. 5, 213–220 (1990)CrossRef Bhuyan, D., Lake, L.W., Pope, G.A.: Mathematical modeling of high-pH chemical flooding. SPE Reserv. Eng. 5, 213–220 (1990)CrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Labrid, J.C., Pierre, L.T.: A numerical model for predicting alkali slug migration in chemical processes. In: SPE/DOE Enhanced Oil Recovery Symposium, Tulsa (1992) Labrid, J.C., Pierre, L.T.: A numerical model for predicting alkali slug migration in chemical processes. In: SPE/DOE Enhanced Oil Recovery Symposium, Tulsa (1992)
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Li, X.B., Wu, S.H., Song, J.: Numerical simulation of pore-scale flow in chemical flooding process. Theor. Appl. Mech. Lett. 1, 68–72 (2011) Li, X.B., Wu, S.H., Song, J.: Numerical simulation of pore-scale flow in chemical flooding process. Theor. Appl. Mech. Lett. 1, 68–72 (2011)
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Thornton, S.D., Radke, C.J.: Dissolution and condensation kinetics of silica in alkaline solution. SPE Res. Eng. 3, 743–752 (1988)CrossRef Thornton, S.D., Radke, C.J.: Dissolution and condensation kinetics of silica in alkaline solution. SPE Res. Eng. 3, 743–752 (1988)CrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat O’Connor, T.L., Greenberg, S.A.: The kinetics for the solution of silica in aqueous solutions. J. Phys. Chem. 62, 1195–1198 (1958)CrossRef O’Connor, T.L., Greenberg, S.A.: The kinetics for the solution of silica in aqueous solutions. J. Phys. Chem. 62, 1195–1198 (1958)CrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Kozeny, J.: Über kapillare Leitung der Wasser in Boden. Sitzungs-Ber. Akad Wiss Wien 136, 271–306 (1927). (in German) Kozeny, J.: Über kapillare Leitung der Wasser in Boden. Sitzungs-Ber. Akad Wiss Wien 136, 271–306 (1927). (in German)
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Carman, P.: Fluid flow through a granular bed. Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng. 15, 150–167 (1937) Carman, P.: Fluid flow through a granular bed. Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng. 15, 150–167 (1937)
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Novosad, Z., Novosad, J.: Determination of alkalinity losses resulting from hydrogen-ion exchange in alkaline flooding. SPE J. 24, 49–52 (1984)CrossRef Novosad, Z., Novosad, J.: Determination of alkalinity losses resulting from hydrogen-ion exchange in alkaline flooding. SPE J. 24, 49–52 (1984)CrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Bazin, B., Labrid, J.: Ion exchange and dissolution/ precipitation modeling: application to the injection of aqueous fluids into a reservoir sandstone. SPE Reserv. Eng. 6, 233–238 (1991)CrossRef Bazin, B., Labrid, J.: Ion exchange and dissolution/ precipitation modeling: application to the injection of aqueous fluids into a reservoir sandstone. SPE Reserv. Eng. 6, 233–238 (1991)CrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Larson, R.G., Hirasaki, G.J.: Analysis of the physical mechanisms in surfactant flooding. SPE J. 18, 42–58 (1978)CrossRef Larson, R.G., Hirasaki, G.J.: Analysis of the physical mechanisms in surfactant flooding. SPE J. 18, 42–58 (1978)CrossRef
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Yuan, S.Y., Yang, P.H.: A mathematical model of alkali combination flooding. Acta Pet. Sin. 15, 76–88 (1994) Yuan, S.Y., Yang, P.H.: A mathematical model of alkali combination flooding. Acta Pet. Sin. 15, 76–88 (1994)
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Satter, A., Shum, Y.M., Adams, W.T.: Chemical transport in porous media with dispersion and rate-controlled adsorption. SPE J. 20, 129–138 (1980)CrossRef Satter, A., Shum, Y.M., Adams, W.T.: Chemical transport in porous media with dispersion and rate-controlled adsorption. SPE J. 20, 129–138 (1980)CrossRef
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Ingri, N.: Equilibrium studies of polyanions, IV. silicate ions in NaCl medium. Acta Chem. Scand. 13, 758–775 (1959)CrossRef Ingri, N.: Equilibrium studies of polyanions, IV. silicate ions in NaCl medium. Acta Chem. Scand. 13, 758–775 (1959)CrossRef
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Kopeykin, V.A., Mikhaylov, A.S.: Solubility and forms of occurrence of silica in normal dilute solutions. Doklady Academii Nauk SSSR 191, 917–920 (1970) Kopeykin, V.A., Mikhaylov, A.S.: Solubility and forms of occurrence of silica in normal dilute solutions. Doklady Academii Nauk SSSR 191, 917–920 (1970)
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Fleming, B.A., Crerar, D.A.: Silicic acid ionization and calculation of silica solubility at elevated temperature and pH. Geothermics 11, 15–29 (1982)CrossRef Fleming, B.A., Crerar, D.A.: Silicic acid ionization and calculation of silica solubility at elevated temperature and pH. Geothermics 11, 15–29 (1982)CrossRef
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Ma, C., Zhao, L., Zhan, C.C.: Mechanism, affecting factors and solution for silicate scale during alkaline flooding. West-China Explor. Eng. 3, 95–96 (2006). (in Chinese) Ma, C., Zhao, L., Zhan, C.C.: Mechanism, affecting factors and solution for silicate scale during alkaline flooding. West-China Explor. Eng. 3, 95–96 (2006). (in Chinese)
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Todd, A.C., Yuan, M.D., Heriot-Watt, U.: Barium and strontium sulfate solid-solution scale formation at elevated temperatures. SPE Prod. Eng. 7, 85–92 (1992)CrossRef Todd, A.C., Yuan, M.D., Heriot-Watt, U.: Barium and strontium sulfate solid-solution scale formation at elevated temperatures. SPE Prod. Eng. 7, 85–92 (1992)CrossRef
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Moghadasi, J., Jamialahmadi, M., Müller-Steinhagen, H.: Scale formation in Iranian oil reservoir and production equipment during water injection. In: International Symposium on Oilfield Scale, Aberdeen (2003) Moghadasi, J., Jamialahmadi, M., Müller-Steinhagen, H.: Scale formation in Iranian oil reservoir and production equipment during water injection. In: International Symposium on Oilfield Scale, Aberdeen (2003)
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Cui, F.Y., Fang, Y., Yang, M., et al.: Prediction of inorganic scaling tendency due to injection of incompatible water in Chunjiu area of Shengli Oilfield. Earth Sci. Front. 19, 301–306 (2012) Cui, F.Y., Fang, Y., Yang, M., et al.: Prediction of inorganic scaling tendency due to injection of incompatible water in Chunjiu area of Shengli Oilfield. Earth Sci. Front. 19, 301–306 (2012)
Metadaten
Titel
Process, mechanism and impacts of scale formation in alkaline flooding by a variable porosity and permeability model
verfasst von
Zhen Zhang
Jiachun Li
Publikationsdatum
10.03.2016
Verlag
The Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics; Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Erschienen in
Acta Mechanica Sinica / Ausgabe 3/2016
Print ISSN: 0567-7718
Elektronische ISSN: 1614-3116
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10409-015-0554-y

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 3/2016

Acta Mechanica Sinica 3/2016 Zur Ausgabe

    Marktübersichten

    Die im Laufe eines Jahres in der „adhäsion“ veröffentlichten Marktübersichten helfen Anwendern verschiedenster Branchen, sich einen gezielten Überblick über Lieferantenangebote zu verschaffen.