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Optical and Quantum Electronics

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01.12.2023

Study of structural, optical properties and energy band gap of porous activated carbon nanostructures: investigation of the effect of chemical activation agents

verfasst von: S. K. Shahcheragh, M. M. Bagheri Mohagheghi, A. Shirpay

Erschienen in: Optical and Quantum Electronics | Ausgabe 14/2023

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Abstract

In this study, using waste materials such as hard almond bark and palm kernels, the porous activated carbon has been synthesized by chemical activation method with activation agents of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium chloride (NaCl), and phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄). Then, the structural, morphological, and optical properties of the synthesized activated carbons were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The XRD patterns showed that an activated carbon structure was formed in all the samples synthesized with chemical activators. The SEM and TEM images showed that there is no porosity and pitted for raw and primary carbon samples of hard almond bark and palm kernels, but for activated carbon by various activating agents, it was clearly porous structure in the activated samples. Also, in the FTIR spectra of activated carbon, it was confirmed that there are carbon single and double bonds for in all samples. The measurement of the optical absorption coefficient (α) and optical band gap (E_g) of porous carbon nanostructures showed that α is in order of 10⁶–10⁷ cm⁻¹ and energy gap is in range of 1.98–2.83 eV. The activated carbon sample synthesized from almond bark with H₃PO₄ activator has highest energy gap (Eg = 2.83 eV) and NaCl activator has lowest energy gap (Eg = 1.98 eV).

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Titel: Study of structural, optical properties and energy band gap of porous activated carbon nanostructures: investigation of the effect of chemical activation agents
verfasst von: S. K. Shahcheragh
M. M. Bagheri Mohagheghi
A. Shirpay
Publikationsdatum: 01.12.2023
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Optical and Quantum Electronics / Ausgabe 14/2023
Print ISSN: 0306-8919
Elektronische ISSN: 1572-817X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-023-05556-4

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