Comparison of Diverse Shaped Graphene Microstrip Patch Terahertz Antennas and Performance Investigation of Penta Model on Disparate Substrates

This article used graphene as the patch and ground plane to model a five-sided pentagon patch antenna rather than a rectangular, triangular, or hexagonal patch. The proposed antenna was used and compared to its characteristics with different substrates such as polyimide and SiO₂. The graphene patch antenna is mounted on a polyimide and SiO₂ substrate and its radiation properties are studied and tuned in at frequency of 3.851 THz and 4.719 THz respectively. The suggested graphene on an optically transparency silicon di oxide substrate has a peak gain of 4.921 dB and high directivity 8.57 dBi at tuning frequency 4.719 THz which is more better than polyimide substrate with a gain of 2.18 dB and 6.39 dBi directivity resonating at 3.851 THz. The polyimide substrate has a bandwidth of 1.3 THz, which is greater than the SiO₂ frequency band of 0.8 THz. Both of these suggested antennas are required for acting as detector in surface Plasmon resonances, detection of cancer in biomedical, future 5G technology and transferring datas between GEO and LEO satellite in space. The features of the created antenna were analyzed with CST studio 2016.