Digital Age: Chances, Challenges and Future

The article is dedicated to the analysis of formation of the technical and economic paradigm of the industrial revolution in Russia, its influence on economic education and on creation of planned (economic) educational institutions. The theory and practice of planning is considered through the prism of changes in economic science and education. At the same time, the authors check an opportunity of application of the recurrent model of Large wave by C. Pérez and create its soviet case. The authors drew conclusions about continuity and innovations in deployment of the technical and economic paradigm of industrialization in Russia, phases of its distribution in realities of the Soviet Russia of the 1920–1930s.

The banking market is not an exception among other markets that are subjects to cases of inefficient operation of the market mechanism. In this regard, this article is focused on addressing the issues of prevention and finding ways to deal with failures in the banking segment, most of which are related to the digitalization process. The system approach was the methodological research tool that allowed studying the problem of combating imperfections in the functioning of the banking market in a comprehensive manner, affecting not only individual problems of modernizing the banking system due to the introduction of individual IT technologies in the business processes of these structures, but also the transformation of the banking system in an ever-increasing competition with information investment platforms. The article examines the genesis of market fiasco, which made it possible to identify not only the factors contributing to the reproduction of failures, but also to see the tools with which these failures can be eliminated; The analysis of theoretical approaches to the classification of market failures was carried out, which made it possible to identify the most characteristic fiasco; A number of recommendations have been proposed for eliminating and minimizing the socioeconomic consequences of failures of the Russian banking market, taking into account the process of transformation of the banking system in modern conditions. The materials of the article are of practical value for the banking business community, offering a number of tools to improve the competitiveness of this financial segment.

This article is devoted to the consideration of the impact of the digital age on modern Russian society in the environmental aspect, the basis of the study were the materials describing the environmental initiatives carried out today by students at universities across the Russia. It should be noted that the most important impact of digitalization is the access of the population, especially young people, to information on examples of best practices to resolve environmental problems abroad. It is this access that made it possible for young people to initiate projects that are more advanced than what the Russian state offers today in the field of waste management. The second important aspect of the impact of digitalization on the solution of environmental problems is the possibility of using virtual communication for the organization of circular economy and sharing economy practices that contribute to the reduction of waste. Despite the high potential of virtual platforms in the optimization of reverse logistics, modern Russian society has not yet matured to make full use of it. This becomes especially clear when comparing the best practices available in Russia, implemented by student teams, with what is proposed by different institutions of the EU. The article points out that transformation of organizational culture of universities would be more important than optimization of waste management, and it may have more significant environmental, economic and social benefits. However, to reach this level, it is necessary to develop a specific sustainable systems thinking.

Economies of the leading countries of the world have been evolving towards digitalization, as a process of expansion and penetration of digital technologies into entire spheres of the economy of the post-industrial society during the past two decades. The article is a scientific research focused on solving the problem of grounding the digitalization of the modern economy as an objective process subject to creating the information society, knowledge-based economy and innovative economy in the post-industrial era. The purpose of the work is to study the relationship between the economy digitalization and the transformation of knowledge into a leading factor of the post-industrial production. Processes of digitalization of the economy in the post-industrial society are discussed in the article; transformations in the interaction of the post-industrial production factors are highlighted, and the separation of knowledge into an independent fifth production factor is substantiated here. The transformation of knowledge into a leading production factor is associated with the separation of intellectual activity in addition to labor and entrepreneurial activities. A relationship between functioning of the knowledge-based economy and its digitalization appears. Additional relevance of the study is to consider a status of digitalization of the Russian economy, to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the state program of the country digitalization, which should contribute to the process of the Russian economy digitalization.

In the given research the priority directions of the development of digital economy are considered as an integratively distributed technology and a digital platform for the transformation and development of structures aimed at the effectiveness of state policy in the field of informatization. As part of this study, the priority directions of the development of digital economy are considered as an integratively distributed technology and a digital platform for the transformation and development of structures with the aim of the effectiveness of government policy in the field of informatization. A critical assessment is made of the features of new technologies and the consequences of their introduction for organizations and enterprises of the real sector of the economy are considered. Based on the assessment, the authors substantiate the approach to the study of actual problems in accordance with the needs and goals of society within the framework of the transformational institutional paradigm caused by the transition to digital economy.

The article deals with the problems of the worldview transformations of the human and the society in the era of digitalization. The phenomenon of «humanism» and its modern worldview alternatives – «antihumanism», «posthumanism» and «transhumanism» are analyzed. The concepts of «human» and «posthuman» are compared as the subjects of biological and technological nature. The final conclusion of the article comes from a critical view on the transhumanist initiatives of human transformation. Transhumanism improves technically the human being but destroys its ethical dimension. The authors are sure, it’s unacceptable in the modern conditions of the digital era.

The article is devoted to the study of digital transformation of the «knowledge triangle» - science, education and innovations. Problems facing the Russian society with respect to interaction of these components are considered, available applied solutions are analyzed. Importance of the platform approach is substantiated: it is shown how the project “Creation and launching of the digital platform of knowledge exchange and copyrights management” will be implemented on the basis of the digital platforms available in the Russian Federation, the result of which will be the IPUniversity platform.

Personal brand is becoming extremely important in any field of human activity nowadays: politics, show business, sports, business and science. On the one hand, the educational sphere of developing countries of the former Soviet Union is characterized by private conflicts, including the “teacher-student” field, the low prestige of the teacher’s profession because of the weak financing of this sphere and devaluing the teachers’ work during many years. On the other hand, the orientation of economies to innovative markets, the digital transformation of socio-economic systems necessitate the maintenance of strong, competitive education and science. This is impossible without top universities, high-class research centers, and therefore without unique teachers and researchers. An important task in this context is the formation of a new generation of highly qualified specialists, unique pedagogues and scientists, competitive in the world market. A special role here belongs to personal branding of such specialists. The purpose of this article is to study how a teacher’s personal brand can be built, what opportunities it opens, what are its value and specific features. In addition, the authors explore what factors contribute to the creation of a personal brand in the context of education and science. To solve these research tasks, the authors use methods of analysis, comparison and synthesis of information, survey methods (questioning, interviewing, narrative technique), modeling. One of the most significant results of the study is the model of the teacher’s personal brand developed by the authors, which shows what attributes of the image are of great importance for the personal brand of a teacher and scientist.

The goal of the study is to identify and describe the key features of the all-penetrating new production paradigm, which assumes a fundamental change in the role of industrial entrepreneurship in the digital economy. On the one hand, it acquires obvious features of service, and on the other hand, it acquires the features of the horizontal infrastructure technological platform for all socio-economic processes of society. The objective of the study is to find and identify large organizational and economic reserves to increase the efficiency of industrial entrepreneurial activities of products and increase the competitiveness through the possibilities of innovative digital solutions, new methods of working with suppliers and consumers of different levels, value streams that can be used at enterprises of different forms of ownership.

The transition to digital economy is impossible without innovations. Therefore, an important task for the development of digital society is to stimulate innovative activities of entrepreneurship. Stimulation of innovative activity of enterprises is currently one of the most promising areas for the economic development of different countries. This issue will remain relevant for a long time due to the demand for innovations in our society, where innovations are often considered as one of the best way to meet the human needs. The aim of the study was to analyze the innovative activity of Russian enterprises and methods of its stimulation. The authors also studied the foreign experience of tax stimulation of innovative entrepreneurship in detail. On the basis of the obtained results, conclusions were made about possible measures of tax stimulation of innovative activity of enterprises.

The study considers the competitiveness of Russia in the global innovation market. A series of articles studied the directions of the state’s activity in seven spheres: human resources, business environment, infrastructure, institutions, knowledge and technology and creative activity. The research is based on studies of the country’s innovation index by domestic and foreign experts. This indicator is composed of 82 different variables that describe in detail the innovative development of countries of the world at different levels of economic development. The authors of the study believe that the success of the economy depends on the innovation potential and the conditions for its implementation. The authors suggest ways to improve the state-implemented strategy in the medium term, developed by means of SWOT analysis.

Living in the digital era is connected with changes that logically influence also entrepreneurs who operate on the internet and run shops in the digitized form (i.e. e-shops). In general, e-shops are very popular with final customers; however, consumers are aware of leaving digital traces on the internet so they are more and more interested in privacy concerns. The aim of this paper is to answer the following research question: “Do men and women be-have equally in selected situations?” Necessary data was collected by means of a printed questionnaire (n = 431) and subsequent data analysis was carried out by Chi-square test of independence and descriptive statistics. The overall results show that there are almost as big groups of those who have done it and those who have not. As for purchase refusal due to e-shop’s requirement for too much personal data, there is no difference between men and women when shopping online. The majority of respondents has ever refused the purchase.

The penetration of digital technologies into the main areas of activity does not always have a positive effect. The anthropogenic factor, intruding into natural processes, has a great influence on the quality and degree of harmlessness of vital sources of the human environment. In the digital era there is a threat of substitution of initial data, indicators, hiding any facts that contribute to the growth of negative processes in the economy. The purpose of this study is to understand the essence of planetary property as a fundamental institution of sustainable planetary development, its role in the realization of the right to common resources for all countries and peoples, ensuring the creation and appropriation of planetary rent and the creation of a biocompatible economy as a basis for solving global problems. In this regard, the most important task facing scientific community is to present economic factors of the development and functioning of society as basic and common for all states and peoples. Using a hypothetical method and a harmonization approach in stating the problems and contradictions that arise in the era of digitalization, the conclusion is drawn about the role of planetary property as the basis for sustainable economic development.

The majority of enterprises are to introduce innovative production for sustainable development. According to the authors, modern Russian enterprises face the challenge of a radical update. Enterprises around the world need to learn how to produce high-demand, high-quality products, electric cars and electric scooters. The authors believe that 3D-printers of various types, various gadgets with more and more advanced characteristics, the latest medical devices are becoming more and more in demand. The purpose of the study is to develop an implementation strategy for innovative production in traditional factories. The study presents the strategy for the transition to innovative production that is in demand in various countries of the world today. The authors propose a basic formula that can calculate the necessary amount of investment required for the transition to innovative production.

The study considers the essence of the digital economy; presents various approaches to the definition of the digital economy; highlights the problems of digitalization in Russia, the prospects of the digital coverage of all spheres in the Russian Federation, the digital economic development in Russia and its results. Russia with its scientific and intellectual capabilities, appropriate technologies has all the prerequisites for the further digital economic development. The study is devoted to widely discussed strategies of the digital economy and their influence on the increasing competitiveness and economic security of the country. The authors consider digital technologies in the economy, business, social sphere and public administration; present the results of the digital development strategy and the features of digitalization in Russia; carry out a comparative analysis of the contribution of the digital economy to Russia’s economic development compared with the countries that are considered leaders in this field; note the state of the digital economy and the level of its digitalization in Russia; identify the priorities for the digital economic development and how it strengthens the position of our country. The authors present the costs for implementing the digital development strategy and the sources for its financing.

A model for creating added value of a product is developed, which revealed the tendencies in changing the structure of creating added value of goods and services, caused by the widespread use of digital technologies, when the main share is increasingly accounted for at the stage of creating a product with new qualities. The distinction between the use of the concepts of labor productivity and productivity of an economic system is substantiated. Productivity of an economic system has a broader interpretation and includes the entire complex of economic processes, such as labor productivity, marketing, managerial productivity and the creation of new products with high consumer qualities. It is determined that the highest added value is provided by the products created with the use of digital technologies. It justifies the priority of high technology stage and the shift of the center of gravity in creating added value to the stage where the idea is formed, technologies are being developed and created. Decomposition of the goals and objectives of labor productivity at the enterprise level is carried out, and areas of responsibility are identified at various management levels. A model is developed that substantiates the aggregate growth in labor productivity and the level of investment in short, medium, and long terms with the use of traditional and digital technologies.

The article is devoted to the use of digital (information) technologies for the main types of work on labor regulation: the calculation of norms for production and new technological processes, the development of regulatory materials for labor regulation, the establishment of optimal standards of servicing and number with the use of economic and mathematical methods, processing of the results of working time costs study and the analysis of the state of labor regulation. The order of development of an automated labor regulation system is shown; the algorithm for calculating production norms and new technological processes is developed.

The relevance of the problem is due to the results of the analysis of the use of modern digital technologies in the practice of tax administration. Advanced technologies continue to develop and contribute to the modernization of taxation. The purpose of this study is to observe the possibilities of digital technologies for the organization of tax administration process and its transformation. The integration of advanced technologies allows to provide tax administration in real time regime. The assessment of the application of the latest technologies allowed to identify certain factors that affect the efficiency of tax administration processes. In the course of the study, the tasks of analyzing the effectiveness of the use of modern digital technologies in tax administration and identifying the key factors that influence its effectiveness were solved.

Changes in the economic conditions of the development of enterprises require the use of new methods in making management decisions. This leads to constant changes in the information support of each enterprise. Information support forms the basis of management activities at enterprises. Properly selected software will make it possible to automatize the implementation of information processes. Foreign automatized systems differ from domestic ones. The goal of the research is studying of automatized systems used in our country and abroad. Within the frame of the research it is necessary to solve the following tasks: to consider the theoretical foundations and the essence of information support at enterprises; to determine the peculiarities of automatized systems use in the management processes at the enterprises of the Russian Federation and the enterprises of foreign countries; to analyze automatized systems. The scientific novelty of the research is the comparative analysis of the automatized systems used in Russian and foreign companies and of the further development of these systems. The research methodology includes the following methods: theoretical analysis, used to summarize existing theoretical and methodological research in the field of automatized systems in management processes; synthesis, used to determine the characteristics of the automatized systems in management processes; comparison, used to identify differences and common features of the Russian and foreign software products. The main conclusions and results can be used for research in the field of information support of management processes.

To assess the state of economic security in Russia, both traditional and relatively new macroeconomic indices are used, which depend on changes in digital tools. With the help of macroeconomic indices, the level of economic security of any country is assessed. The study assesses the development of key economic security indices of the Russian Federation. Special attention is paid to the value of GDP and the influence of the digital economy on it. Different points of view on the volume of “digital” GDP and methods of its calculation are presented. The authors systematize views on the absolute and relative indices of the volume of the digital economy in Russia and estimate these values. The study is conducted to determine the share of the digital economy in the country’s value of GDP, as well as the reasons for different values obtained, and GDP is used as a characteristic of economic security of the country.

Digitization of environmental information and digitalization in municipal management can positively influence sustainable development of territories. The main documents of the rulemaking support of digital technologies and ICT in Russia are analyzed. The authors illustrate the effects of using digitization for the population of municipalities and consider the possibilities for digitizing environmental information in municipalities of the Samara region of the Russian Federation, a large and environmentally ambiguous region of Russia. The sources of the initial matrix for digitizing municipal environmental information are official public information, and the authors consider the appropriate categories and indicators, problems and ways of using them. It is proposed to transform the ideas of “smart sustainable city” into projects “smart sustainable municipality”, to include digital technologies for sustainable development of municipalities in the strategies of socio-economic development of territories with specific proposals for solving local environmental goals, with indicators for their implementation.

Due to the widespread introduction of new digital technologies and platform solutions into production processes it is possible to solve the problems of food supply, to increase the production of competitive export-oriented agricultural products, and to increase the efficiency of agricultural and agro-industrial enterprises. The national project “Digital Agriculture” is to solve these problems. The authors hypothesize that digital technologies should cover all the main production processes in the agro-industrial complex and can become tools for solving basic production problems. The purpose of the study is to analyze the development of digitization of agriculture in Russia and the implementation of its elements in solving basic production problems, to give an overview of state programs for the development of digital agriculture, to identify prerequisites and obstacles in the development of digital agriculture, and to identify areas of digitalization of agriculture in Russia, taking into account advanced world and domestic practices. The authors use a variety of methods and techniques of economic research. The study shows that despite the lag of Russian agriculture in matters of digitalization from developed countries, the introduction of digitalization into the chain of agro-food products is actively gaining momentum. According to the results of the study, it is concluded that only with a systematic and integrated approach to digitalization one can achieve high results in the development of the industry and in achieving national development goals.

The relevance of the study is due to the development of digitalization processes of economy, including its financial sector. The introduction of modern technologies contributes to the creation of new financial products, the emergence of fundamentally new mechanisms and ways implementing the investment process. In this regard, the article is aimed at studying the investment behavior of macroeconomic entities in the context of establishing a new economic model that creates conditions for the formation and operation of new tools and investment methods. The article is aimed at identifying and describing the features of the investment behavior of economic entities, the appearance of which is due to the transformation of motivational incentives to implement investment activities. The leading approach used in the research is systemic-dialectical, which involves a comprehensive consideration of the investment process as a systemic phenomenon. The article identifies the prerequisites for changing the investment behavior of macroeconomic agents, due to the emergence of new investment tools, such as crowd-funding, crowd-investing and crowd-lending. It is proved that the introduction of digital technologies expands the investment opportunities of the subjects, which contributes to more effective implementation of their economic and institutional interests. It is shown that the ongoing evolution of the social-and-economic system, caused by digitalization, changes the traditional understanding the types of economic activity of economic agents. The article materials are of practical value for assessing the level of investment potential of macroeconomic entities; for analyzing the process of introduction and development of new technological platforms.

The article analyzes the case study of realizing some local initiatives such as Participatory Budgeting (PB) for example and their promotion among the citizens with the help of various digital instruments. Participatory budgeting has another effect that the future appears as a strategic motto: growing political culture and educate citizens engaged in the resolution of their city. Thus, citizens are becoming important players in local politics and create a real civil society. PB is a democratic process that involves suddenly, that all members of the local community/municipalities are invited to be directly involved in decisions about the use of Public Finance (defined portion of the budget). The authors make the analysis of mechanisms, digital trends and other resources that help the citizens of Czech Republic use this local governance initiative and develop it significantly.

The review examines the possibilities of a paperless company concept, and explored mainly resources available on Scopus and Web of Science databases. The researcher found out that companies are still using traditional ways of doing things despite innovation of new technologies like the 3D printing, and AI. A few percentage of companies like health insurance firms and technology outfits are moving towards becoming completely paperless, whereas a majority of establishments combine the two concepts (paper and paperless) for record keeping and other operations. It is crystal clear that the paperless concept has not been fully realized. However, most companies, especially in the developed world, have a great potential in fully becoming paperless in the near future. Relatively, in order to go paperless, companies should organize all files, convert, and scan new documents, and most importantly should develop robust documentation management software. There is thus, no doubt for a future research in the subject matter using neural networks to accurately predict the future.

The paper is aimed at substantiating regional digital maturity, its understanding, structure and measurements. The study reviews the terminology genesis of digitalization, reveals the necessity to transfer from digital economy to the understanding of digital maturity, disclose the structure of regional digital maturity including the rate, depth and coverage of the digital transformation of a local economy and community. The authors have analyzed the digital maturity data of 85 Russian regions. The results show that digitally matured regions are among the most successful Russian subjects. The study contributes to the body of knowledge of regional competitiveness. The authors have developed the strategies of regional digitalization and the mechanism for their integration in the world economic system.

One of the top priority tasks for most states nowadays is the transition to digital economy. To assess the level of development in the sphere of information and communication technology (ICT), the indexes published in the annual reports of International Telecommunications Union, are used. In 2017 Russia occupied 45 position in the International Rating of ICT development, which is positions lower than in the previous year. The position of the Russian Federation (RF) in this rating is largely influenced by the level of digitalization of its regions. In general, information society development in the RF is a herculean task due to significant variations in the levels of ICT use in various regions of the country. The authors of the paper carried out analysis of information society development in the regions of the RF in the period between 2015 and 2017. The results of the analysis can be effectively used in complex estimations of information society development levels and be a useful tool in administrative decision-making in the sphere of digitalization of regional economy and economy of the Russian Federation on the whole. As a result of this policy, Russia’s international information society development ranking is supposed to improve.

In the article, the author assesses the degree of influence of the development of the digital economy on the stock market in Russia. The author carries out a comparative analysis of the stock market indicators for 10 years and describes new mechanisms for working with securities that appear in the digital economy. In addition, the article describes methods and methods that have emerged due to the digital economy, which can increase the involvement of individuals in the economic development of the Russian stock market.

In the environment of a rather abrupt change in Russia’s economy development stages the issue of the influence of the form of functioning of a business on the financial indicators of its sustainability and development is attracting more and more attention. The study of the problems of holding companies functioning in various areas of the economy is of great research interest from the point of view of both theory and practice. The article examines the ways to optimize the electronic acquisition, processing, storage and application of financial, managerial and tax accounting data of holding companies. The tendency to further integration of financial and management accounting data has been revealed. A research of the current state of accounting software systems in holding companies has been carried out, discrepancies have been found out between the existing techniques of accounting data formation and the requirements of the digital economy. The analysis of the structure of the in-house electronic document interchange has revealed the need for introducing “smart digitization”. For the purposes of this article publications of corporate reports of the largest holding companies were studied and the influence of non-financial information on the disclosure of consolidated statements was established. The requirements to reduce the consolidated financial statements publication time, provide their depth and fullness run into collision with the fragmented use of applied solutions. As a result of the study, a trend has been identified for the integration of accounting systems and consolidation into a single information platform or service center.

The features of the organization and advantages of special economic zones necessary to attract mobile industrial capital of entrepreneurs from different countries in certain areas are considered. The problems hindering the wide development of special economic zones (SEZ) for the Russian economy, with the allocation of economic, administrative, regulatory component are revealed. The expediency of development of the system of division of risks of the current activity between residents of SEZ, their managing companies, regional and Federal authorities is shown. It is necessary to develop both incentive measures for resident enterprises and a mechanism for monitoring their functioning in the SEZ, which provides for the regulation of the profile of their residents ‘ activities, assessment of their impact on the level of competition in the market, elimination of cases of oppression and closure of competing domestic enterprises, dependence of the Russian industry on transnational companies.

The study presents theoretical and methodological studies of structural changes of retail network services under digitalization. Based on the analysis of literary sources and activities of Russian trade networks, the structure of the customer value of the service is proposed, which is supplemented by a new element for Russia. It is implemented only by large federal trade networks and it is an ecosystem or lifestyle, carrying out customer feedback through a mobile application, sites. In the American and European customer markets, we can notice new participants in trade services as a result of digital transformation. This is due to the fact that modern manufacturers and other IT trading platforms offer a wide range of services and involve customers. All this made it possible to propose a forecasting flowchart for a customer’s way of receiving trade services under digitalization. An important direction of digitalization is the processing of Big Data analytics. In Russia, only 30% of networks use Big Data at all stages of retail. A classification of digitalization trends in Russian retail is presented as intellectual marketing, digitalization of operations, a must win strategy. Innovation activity allows the customer to be involved in the joint creation of the customer value to satisfy his needs, to provide and implement the customer value quickly and geographically available.

The article deals with the effectiveness of staffing and promotion of staff in public sector and digital enhancement of the above-mentioned issues based on qualitative and quantitative analysis of Samara region’s public sector. Research covers the period from 2015 until and including 2017. Authors characterize social environment in public sector regional economy, determine challenges in staffing and training and the ways of their solution. The structure and strength of a personnel reserve should reflect the current and prospective differences of the HR management needs depending on: leave vacancies; staffing; local degree of the turnover rate; perspective and current plans development; the needs of the quantitative structural work of the subdivisions of the governing body in HR; the reserve ratio, in accordance with which the number of trained candidates from the candidates pool in the appropriate position is guaranteed; importance of digital technologies, including electronic access of staff and candidates to their portfolio. By results of the research, the authors offered a way of such digitalization, that can be the basis for purposeful process of staffing, training and retraining of public sector’s staff aiming at development of regional economy.

A research purpose - development of conceptual provisions and development of practical recommendations about assessment and improvement of quality of services of city public transport in digital economies. Implementation of an effective objective of a research demanded the solution of the following tasks: determinations of tendencies of forming of urban transport environment; identifications of problems and perspectives of development of services of city public transport; analysis of a state and development of system of public transport; formations of system of indicators of sustainable development of public transport; developments of methodical approaches to determination of service quality of city public transport; quality evaluations of services of transportation and service on city bus transport; developments of actions of the strategic plan of improvement of quality of services of public transport. Object of a research are such subjects of system of public transport as transport operators, consumers of services (passengers), bodies of the public and municipal administration. Research questions are organizational and economic relations developing in the course of rendering services of city public transport.

Despite the important role of the oil and gas industry in providing the state with financial resources, there is currently insufficient attention to innovations in this branch that leads to technological backwardness of Russian companies in the world economy. Therefore, there is a need to form an effective system of innovation management. In this regard, the consideration and comparison of the experience of innovative activities of foreign and domestic oil and gas companies is relevant. In this article, a sample of the largest oil and gas companies in Russia was made based on the results of the analysis of revenue and its profitability in 2017. The review of significant innovations and management systems of innovative activity is carried out on the chosen enterprises. Then, the authors assessed intangible assets and R&D results on the basis of annual financial reports for 2015–2017 and gave the comparative characteristic of innovative activity of domestic and foreign oil and gas companies on the basis of unit costs of R&D in relation to the volume of sold products and on the basis of the share of R&D costs in the revenue of companies. On the basis of this analysis, the authors formed conclusions about the innovative activity of the largest oil and gas companies in Russia and recommendations for its improvement.

Long before this time, universities adhered to a certain strategy, which implied special criteria for admission, but at the same time limited marketing approaches and communications, which significantly influenced the methodology itself and had a unidirectional nature of development. With the gradual introduction of various changes in the technological sphere, higher educational institutions strengthened their positions, rethinking their strategies, began to adapt more to changing conditions and began to apply marketing approaches to meet the needs of clients in information and communication. The changed approach was obligatory for survival of the universities in the demand-side market. The article discusses the essence of the use of marketing in the field of educational services of higher education institutions, also analyzes the means and tools of marketing, allowing the university to consolidate its position in the market and increase competitiveness. The features of the promotion of educational services and the potential of marketing in the field of higher professional education are being advanced.

The article aims to simulate the process of interaction between software provider and his client. The authors consider the problem of information support of foreign economic activity. For successful integration of regions into the system of world economic relations, it is necessary to provide exporters and importers with modern software. The problem is the mismatch between the strategies of the software provider and the client. An additional complication is the volatility of the parties’ behaviour. Both the provider and the user of the software must constantly review their strategy of behavior. To find the optimal variant of interaction, the authors calculated the Nash equilibrium.

The study represents a comprehensive analysis of modern approaches to the assessment of digitalization. In the context of the qualitative transformation of industrial infrastructure and transition to digital tools for economic development, it is urgent to develop the most understandable and methodologically consistent methodology for assessing the efficiency of digitalization. In addition, such a methodology must meet both purely political and opportunistic objectives - to ensure a uniform approach to assessment and to allow predicting digitalization trends for the short and medium term. The authors review the existing models assessing the digital economy, propose the author’s classification of models and test it when considering current foreign approaches. Special attention is paid to advantages and disadvantages of the models used and an attempt is made to harmonize them with each other.

The article is aimed at analyzing goals and objectives of staff motivation in the context of globalization of information processes, as well as some ways of providing material and non-material motivation of the staff taking into account actual trends formed in the modern world. The authors identified basic technological systems used in modern organizations to improve competitiveness and new ways of material and non-material motivation of personnel. Within the framework of this topic, the analysis of opinions was carried out and the correlation of different motivational approaches in the conditions of digitalization was revealed. In addition, a significant result of this research is the systematization of approaches to staff motivation in the context of the economy digitalization, taking into account the existing fundamental theories of motivation.

The article analyzes the problems and key aspects of digital transformation. It is noted that not only the economy, but also the social sphere and education is undergoing digital transformation. The research emphasizes the importance of digital talents, new generations and the changing worldview of management. Russian companies are showing interest in talent management systems. The supply of qualified personnel, and especially managers, is rapidly lagging the demand that grows together with the market. Digital economy transformation demands the talent development program (Talent Management) to be aimed at creating a system of attracting, hiring, developing and using talented employees who can achieve exceptional business results. The main tasks are the coordination of talent management considering the global strategy, building a differentiated talent management architecture and differentiating strategic positions involving digital talents. Learning Agility is becoming the key competence in planning the development of future digital leaders. Learning Agility includes mental agility, self-awareness, people agility и change agility. That is why it is suggested to target 3 main perspectives: new knowledge acquiring, new skills development and changing the mentality.

The purpose of the study is to justify the need for short-term forecasting of financial and credit resources and the budgeting of daily cash flow to improve the organization solvency and strengthen financial stability in the digital economy. The scientific novelty is that the authors have presented the mathematical description of the model for determination of financial and credit resources requirements in a commercial organization at any time in the digital economy. The digital economy places increased demands on the composition and source of the financial and credit resources of commercial organizations. These requirements have been analyzed by the authors in this paper.

The development of innovation is of great importance for any state. Innovations expand the horizons for the development of the economy through the creation of a new competitive product or method of its production, the emergence of market segments, etc. In the Tambov region, as in the agro-industrial region, great attention is paid to the development of agriculture. Currently, a promising area for innovation in the agricultural sector is the development and implementation of innovative technological solutions, such as satellite tracking and aeromonitoring with the provision of analytical data based on them, precision farming, automation of production processes. Currently, in the city of Tambov, work is underway to open the first in the region Technopark in the field of information technology “Mielta”, which will combine the existing innovation infrastructure and IT-enterprises in a single mechanism. The purpose of Technopark is the development of innovative business forms in the region, maintaining and developing the synergy effect from the optimal interaction of resident enterprises of the Technopark, their joint work, the exchange of knowledge and technology.

The research work studies the problems of production process digital transformation at the industrial enterprises. Stage by stage process of introduction of digital transformation in production is analyzed. The issues of financing of such transformation at the enterprise are studied. Currently, in order to ensure the competitive advantages of industrial enterprises, digital transformation processes are necessary in all areas of their activities. However, the share of industrial enterprises implementing projects on digitalization of production is low, as the process is associated with several problems. The solution of the problems that impede the digital transformation of the production of an industrial enterprise must be comprehensive. The plan for the introduction of digital transformation process (DTP) in five stages, with the definition of the cost of implementing each of the stages and the role of man in digital production, is proposed. The authors investigated the positive consequences for the company from the process of transformation of production and issues of the DTP project financing. The conditions under which the Industry Development Fund co-finances projects aimed at introducing digital and technological solutions are described. These solutions are designed to optimize production processes at the enterprise and aimed at digitizing existing production facilities within the framework of the Russian Industry Digitalization program.

The authors consider development of agricultural sector in terms of implementing the concept of digitalization, reasons for a slow introduction of innovations in the agricultural sector, possibilities of using information and communication technologies (ICT) in agricultural production, and principles of digitalization of the agricultural sector. The aim of the contribution is to identify opportunities for the development of the agricultural sector based on the application of the principles of digital economy. The methodological core research is a systematic and institutional approach to the digital platform for the effective development of the agricultural sector of the economy. The authors used methods of comparison and analogy, analysis and synthesis. As a methodological base, regulatory documents were used for sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex in the Russian Federation. Modern information technologies contribute to improving the efficiency of production processes in the agricultural sector of the economy. However, domestic farmers use elements of the digital economy in limited quantities due to lack of financial resources. To speed up this process, it is necessary to create programs for enhancing innovation processes, as well as managerial personnel who will be able to introduce new digital technologies, expand the sphere of application of the digital economy through public investment, and the formation of various cooperative associations.

The article considers the need to use marketing technologies for recreational organizations with a project-oriented approach. The main advantages of marketing technology and project management in enhancing the competitiveness of a recreational organization from fundamentally distinctive positions are presented. Competitive advantages of marketing technologies are formulated, which have novelty for a given application and help to reveal the competitive advantages of a recreational organization in the constant struggle for the consumer (recreant) and the use of various tools and methods to increase competitiveness. Attention is paid to aspects of the project-oriented approach and its components. The advantages of the participants from the professional management of the project-oriented activity of the recreational organization are revealed. Determined that the effectiveness of marketing technologies and a project-oriented approach contribute to the development of project-oriented recreational organizations, the formation of a fundamentally different work culture in general and the management of a recreational organization in particular, and various categories of participants in project-oriented recreational activities will benefit from professional management. Of particular importance is the strategic focus of the recreational organization, including the methodology and tools of effective marketing technologies, which are an integral part of the work in carrying out project activities, as well as creating conditions for the emergence of a “project culture” in a recreational organization means knowledge of modern science of project management. Accordingly, the use of marketing technologies at the present stage is an important factor in the development of recreational services in project-oriented recreational organizations.

The concept implementation of business digitalization and completeness of information disclosure in accordance with international financial reporting standards presupposes the transition of Russian companies to reporting in XBRL format. The purpose of the study is limited by its conceptual problem and its definitions for the purposes of integrated reporting. The authors of the article also suggested the structure of the integrated reporting, including topics and the approximate composition of financial and non-financial indicators for the Russian companies. The basic conceptual advantages of XBRL format and its development prospects in the Russian practice have been formulated in the article.

Globalization processes and the active development of innovative technologies in the present period of time are the most significant factors that affect the activities of modern organizations and form new challenges to maintain their competitiveness. Modern managers are very important to understand that the formation of the digital economy leads to the transformation of different sectors of the economy, and therefore requires the construction of new business models and approaches to the management of organizations, resulting in new challenges and requirements for the work of managers. Thus, the inevitable digitalization of the economy changes working conditions and requires new competencies among company employees. In the conditions of high competition, they need to adapt to the ongoing changes in the external environment.

The study considers the reality and prospect of the digital transformation of the economy and society using the example of the digital transformation of the management of educational organizations. The authors of the study clarify the essential features and possibilities of the digital transformation of the management of educational organizations, and identify the natural links between the reality of the digital transformation of the management of educational organizations and the formation of digital competences of managerial staff. Recommendations to improve the training of managerial staff for the digital transformation of the management of educational organizations are given.The methodological basis of the study is systemic and competence-based approaches; methodological basis - analysis and synthesis, statistical methods, self-assessment and expert assessment, questioning; the empirical basis is the data of the federal statistical observation of the activities of Russian educational organizations, the results of the qualitative assessment of managerial staff of educational organizations (N = 300).

Economic instability of our time especially touches industrial enterprises, which results in decreasing of product competition and flexibility of the logistics system response of industrial enterprises for environmental changes. That is why business managers are increasingly paying attention to modern methods and ways of doing business, based on the principles of logistics and digitalization. Within the existing enterprise management system, it is impossible to study the running business processes. In addition, there is no integrated information system that can take into account the changing needs of end customers. There is still a breach of delivery terms and a high percentage of spoilage in enterprises, which lead to the enterprise efficiency decrease. To solve these problems, we need a clearly formulated strategy that will allow us to make right management decisions and develop logistics measures. Digital transformation is a way to improve the product competitiveness. Russian heavy engineering industry needs to use digital tools both in production and business models, which will allow to maintain its presence in the world market and not lose share in the national market.

The aim of the research is to identify the clear definition of digital transformation and to present a structured framework with digital transformational stages, activities and results. This research contains a literature review which is giving insight into the fundamental comprehension of digital transformation. Findings indicate that even though digital transformation is a well-known idea a method for the organized digital transformation of business models is missing. The research gives an explicit meaning of digital transformation of business models and phases for the digital transformation of business models. In addition, the paper offers the roadmap for digital transformation.

ACS is finding more application in our world today. Applicability of this technology ranges from households to large industries. In today’s industries, there is a high demand for production maximization and automation in everyday life. This has led to a literary review, researching the advantages and disadvantages of the technology. Automated systems have advanced from mere application in buildings or vehicles to performing smart task in aircrafts, spaceships, factories, and ships, etc. This review uses a multidisciplinary lens to examine the subject from a broader perspective. Research papers available in the web of science and Scopus in recent decade is examined to help the researcher pinpoint the benefits and consequences related to the use of ACS. The critical review of literatures led to the conclusion that ACS make life easier for humans, enhance economic growth and can be applied in almost all fields. On the other hand, ACS leads to unemployment and can subdue rather than to serve humans in the near future.

Thanks to technological progress, artificial intelligence is currently used in different areas of our lives. The use of artificial intelligence in business and finance has a promising future. Artificial intelligence is inspired by the behavior of biological patterns, having also the ability to learn and then capture these strongly non-linear dependencies. The advantage of artificial neural networks consists in their capability of working with big data, in the precision of their results or easier use of the obtained neural network. The objective of this contribution is to carry out systematic literary research of the most renowned scientific resources and find out whether it is possible to use artificial intelligence in practice, in company management. After a clearly defined process of selecting the appropriate scientific outcomes, these studies are explored and conclusions are made. A total of 31 publications fulfilled the criteria. The publications more or less agree on the practical applicability of artificial intelligence in company management.

The main feature of mathematics, which is very essential for a scientific ideology, is its ability to transform the solution of sophisticated problems into standardized logic circuits. The article discusses the problems of creating geo-and eco-information models of large territories with the involvement of the expert system REGION. Geoinformatics operates with huge amounts of data, which are divided into extensive and intensive indicators. In this sense, geoinformatics is closely connected with ecoinformatics and digitalization (especially when predicting the structure and dynamics of complex socio-ecological-economic systems [SEES]). Some algorithms for the synthesis of complex (intensive) indicators are discussed. An example is given of using the REGION expert system for the comprehensive assessment of SEES of the Volga basin.

The authors analyze the electronic information and educational environment of the university as an innovative component of the competence approach under the digital transformation of the economy and defines its relationship with the formation of information and communication competence of students. The innovation of the proposed approaches is the transformation of the traditional system of education and its integration with electronic educational resources. The study presents the features of the electronic information and educational environment of the university, analyzes the theoretical foundations of the educational process in economic and mathematical courses using innovative technologies, and develops guidelines for the introduction of innovative technologies to train students in the modern information and educational environment.

Changes currently taking place in the world, caused by digitalization processes, impose new requirements on all stages and levels of economic management. In the period of changing strategic goals of the effective development of modern complex socio-economic objects, it is impossible to do without qualified specialists. Under new economic conditions, intellectual potential is one of the key resources of the economy. After all, such an indicator as the human development index reflects the level of national development in the world economic community. The management of the education system at the modern level requires substantiation of decisions made based on the wide use of modeling of training processes, optimization of planning and organization of distribution of educational resources according to the criterion of cost minimization, as well as the use of modern information technologies. The contribution presents the results of studies of two of the four management functions - organization and control. It was established that combinatory and morphological analysis and synthesis should be used in optimal allocation of training time, taking into account curricula. Information technology control and self-learning material will improve feedback in the system, which will positively affect the quality of control. Next, you need to study the functions of planning and motivation.

The article is devoted to the digital transformation of the economy and the necessity in existence of a profiled science-based statistical methodology in this area, due to the high relevance of the problems deal with quantitative assessment and analysis of the information and communication technologies effectiveness. The problems associated with the adaptation of the existing methodological “reserve” to the Russian statistical realities seem to be an urgent and promising direction of scientific research, leading both to the expansion of the theoretical basis and to obtaining practically significant results. The scientific novelty of the approach is to solve the fundamental problem associated with the scientific methodological development on quantitative evaluation of complex socio-technical systems interaction in the conditions of digital economy transformation and the formation of common information area. In this regard, the article presents the results of forming the information base and the system development of statistical indicators in social processes interaction within common information area; describes the integrated indicators, namely the Common index of infrastructure development in the information society and the Index of information economy.

The participation of enterprises in global production chains (especially in terms of equal interaction with partners) requires a certain, respectively high level of its technical and economic development. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to analyze problems associated with the development of international production cooperation in the digital economy. The authors consider development directions and prospects for international production cooperation relations of Russian enterprises in the digital economy, taking into account the fact that international cooperation projects are growing both in scale and in total number. Special attention is paid to the fact that the positive development dynamics of international corporations and advanced digital technologies is influenced by the level of risks, as well as ratings (investment, favorable conditions for business), support of the state and regional authorities.

The authors consider digitalization of corporate training, the prospects for the development of corporate training using immersive technologies - virtual reality, augmented reality and mixed reality, summarize the main advantages of using immersive learning technologies, highlight the factors hindering their use, present examples of successful application of immersive technologies in corporate training of modern organizations. The authors use both general scientific (systemic and functional approaches) and special research methods – sociological (method of expert assessments, observation and analysis) and comparative. The conclusions substantiate the need for further research and solving the problems of intra-corporate digital staff training as a condition for improving the effectiveness and efficiency of business organizations.

It is impossible to improve the competitiveness of Russian companies without advanced business and management technologies. The study contains the implementation and operation results of ERP-systems in a number of Russian companies. The study made it possible to determine the level of performance efficiency of these systems and formulate the main problems that prevent companies from carrying out this process as efficiently as possible. One of the important problems that significantly reduce the performance efficiency of ERP-systems is a high level of resistance of workers to implement and use these systems. The earliest elimination of contradictions between the company’s management, who are for ERP-systems, and the staff involved in the system is the way to improve the performance efficiency of the system as a whole. The study presents the level of resistance among various categories of staff in a number of Russian companies. The obtained data allowed us to identify the reasons that increase the level of resistance of company staff to ERP-systems, and to develop areas that increase the level of commitment, or the number of employees supporting relevant procedures.

The study considers evaluation of event marketing in IT companies. The competitiveness of IT companies differs from the competitiveness of manufacturing companies: the quality of services provided, innovation, security, flexibility. Tele2 Telecommunications Company has gained popularity due to a non-standard approach to business, a well-thought-out marketing strategy, accounting and anticipation of customer needs. The authors analyzed the existing evaluation methods of event marketing in IT companies and substantiated quantitative methods based on the results of surveys before and after the event, which makes it possible to most accurately show the degree of influence of event marketing on customer loyalty. This mechanism is aimed at attracting the target audience, the intensive development of IT companies and infrastructure development. The existing methodologies evaluate the communicative or only economic effect. Therefore, it is proposed to use a generalized method that allows determining each of the stages of marketing communications in event marketing and, if necessary, make appropriate adjustments. The method proposed quantitative indicators for evaluation of event marketing, and the results are evaluated in certain periods.

The relevance of the research topic is due to the positive influence of logistics on the growth of the efficiency of the use of resources of national economies and, accordingly, the high requirements for methods of assessing the effectiveness of logistics. There are many methods for assessing the effectiveness of logistics at the national level. The choice of the method for determining and increasing the scientific basis for assessing the effectiveness of logistics is a problem. Its solution is possible on the basis of the application of theoretical, expert and economic-mathematical methods. The research objective is to more rigorous scientific justification of logistics costs and to determine the logistics efficiency of national economies, in particular, the economy of the Russian Federation. Research methods include methods of economic theory, expert and economic-mathematical methods. The authors formed a new structure of expenses for business logistics of the Russian Federation (in the structure of costs are costs of fixed capital for transportation and storage), developed a method to bring capital costs to current logistics costs, carried out expert evaluation of logistics performance indicators of the Russian Federation and developed a method for calculating a generalized logistics performance index at the national level.

In today’s turbulent and rapidly changing world, companies are seeking a coherent description of the enterprise that provides a deep insight into a company, enables communication among stakeholders and guides complicated change processes.Enterprise architecture comprises different aspects and viewpoints on the structure of an enterprise, and is used as an instrument to align business, information systems and technology domains.This paper investigates how the ArchiMate enterprise architecture modeling language can be used to model component-based model systems, such as Common Component Modeling Example (CoCoME). The resulting model is based on ArchiMate, as the most popular approach applicable to most enterprises. The resulting enterprise architecture of CoCoME describes the organization structure, business roles, processes, services, and functions, IT and technology infrastructure, as well as their interrelationships.

The relevance of the study is caused by great challenges facing the educational system. First of all, we mean the degree of compliance between the level and quality of training provided by the education system and real requirements of the labor market where the skillful knowledge of digital technologies comes to the fore. Important in this aspect is how applicants and their parents choose the university for training. In this regard, this article aims to analyze the issue of applicants’ and their parents’ choice in relation to higher education. The leading method for this study is the sociological method with the subsequent interpretation of results, that allows to make a comprehensive review of the structure of the main factors affecting the choice of an educational institution for training. Taking into account that parents of applicants play a significant role by the decision making process in this sphere, their position was also studied. The article presents results of the aggregated digital data obtained in the course of sociological research (questionnaire in the electronic form). The authors describe the most significant factors influencing the choice of an educational institution, as well as the main differences in relation to the factors affecting the choice of an educational institution by parents and applicants. The materials of the article are of practical value for employees of higher educational institutions, scientists, applicants, students and parents of future students.

This study focuses on digitization in the education process and on the importance of using digital technologies in the teaching process. The introduction sketches out the need of leading young people towards developing their digital competences and digital as well as information literacy. The teaching process should lead towards gaining key and practically oriented knowledge and skills according to Industry 4.0. The importance of the role of the teacher in the education process is stressed who is a managing adviser influencing the effectiveness of the education process. The first chapter is dedicated to digital literacy and other literacies and connected terminology. The next chapter focuses on case studies and evaluating the opinions of students on the importance of using digital technologies during class. The results were gathered via a questionnaire survey. The objective is to point out specifics of the education process. Gathered data can be valuable and inspirational for the decision-making process when planning and preparing teachers for the education process. The conclusion of the entry stresses the importance of innovative study programs and introducing new study programs, which focus on supporting the development of digital literacy and working with digital technologies.

Digitalization and digital technologies are a source of revolutionary changes affecting all aspects of human activity without any exception. Adaptation of society to digitalization is not only a technological, economic, socio-psychological, but particularly a legal problem. No one doubts that in the period of the fourth technical revolution, the regulatory framework should be aimed at providing a fertile and healthy ground for the progressive development of various technological innovations, preventing offenses. The development of robotics and artificial intelligence (AI) and their widespread use in all areas of the economy suggests the need to revise the traditional views on legal personality and offense. Without determining the legal status of work technicians and AI, the resolution of the question of their responsibility for the offenses committed and the damages caused, the further qualitative development of this area is impossible. Modern research in the field of law pays great attention to particular issues of the legal responsibility of robots and AI. In this regard, a number of questions arise directly related to the general theoretical concept of “offense”, namely, can robots and AI be recognized as subjects of an offense and, as a result, bear legal responsibility, if so, what are the scope and consequences of this responsibility? The results of this study can be used in the practice of legislative bodies of the Russian Federation and international organizations. The theoretical conclusions of the study can be used in research and development institutes, in higher educational institutions for teaching not only legal but also economic disciplines.

The urgency of the issue under study stems from the incompleteness of the regulatory legal definition of concepts and the legal regime for new objects of digital economy or even complete absence of this definition, as well as the need to determine the effects of digital technologies impact on legal and economic relations with the participation of entrepreneurs. The purpose of research is to identify and reveal general trends in legal and economic risks for entrepreneurs during the period of digital economy formation. Research methods of this issue are formal legal analysis and synthesis, which provide a comprehensive review of legal and economic risks’ interaction in the activities of entrepreneurs. Results: the article describes general trends of legal and economic risks’ impact on business entities. It reveals the multidirectional influence of digital technologies on legal, economic and other risks and justifies the necessity of developing a new toolkit for identifying and analyzing risks both at the state level and by individual entrepreneurs. The data of the article could be useful for experts in jurisprudence, economics, risk management, and for those involved in law-making activity.

The urgency of the research issue is due to the trends of social and economic development in the context of digitalization. Big Data has become an answer to the modern social challenges. It is the technology for processing large amounts of data, which allows you to quickly process large and diverse data, systematizing them. This raises the question of ensuring the legal protection of personal data when they are processed by these technologies. The purpose of this article is to identify the problems of legal regulation, which arise in the processing of personal data in Big Data systems. The research objectives are to determine approaches to the legal regulation of the processing of personal data and Big Data systems, identify gaps in the current legislation governing these relations, analyze project legislation, as well as to identify the main current trends of legal regulation in this field. The following methods were used in the research: general scientific methods – analysis, synthesis, comparison and generalization; private and scientific formal and legal method. As a result of the research, it is concluded that the digital transformation of the development of society has put forward new requirements for the legal protection of legally protected information and personal data. The current Russian legislation does not have special legal provisions related to the processing of information using Big Data technologies. The materials of the article are of practical value for experts and scientists in the field of information processing and legal protection of personal data.

The analysis of powers and order of monetary issue by the Central Bank of Russia in the system of the relations of the state sovereignty is carried out. Is considered contradictions of independent position of the Central Bank and the Government of the Russian Federation in questions of the state economic policy. Is defined that the fiat monetary system is based only on the authority of the Central bank and government whereas cryptocurrency – on the system of own safety and a way of its generation: blockchain. Is defined that in the independence and activity of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation can not consider “wishes” and plans of the government and Senate of Russia. Positive and negative properties of cryptocurrency in a modern financial system are considered. The cryptocurrency is considered out of communication with a monetary system, but only as subject to financial manipulations. It is necessary to change ideology of monetary issue. Non-cash money, special drawing right and so forth are considered as cryptocurrency prerequisites, but controlled by the currency center. Whereas the sense of cryptocurrency consists in its decentralization. The release of money has to be provided with a national product. The offer on establishment of legal bases of regulation of process of monetary issue is made.

The article is directed at researching the application of new laws on digital rights, digital money, electronic transactions, digitalization of legal proceedings, advocacy, including the part of the rules on managing of law files in lawyer practice. The use of digital technologies in the implementation of advocacy should be correlated with the protection of attorney-client confidentiality, personal data and privacy. The ratio of private law and public interest is particularly pronounced in the sphere of realization of non-property rights, where there is no intermediary in the form of rights to property, which has the equivalent of the right enshrined in its value terms. the conclusion is made the general direction when considering issues of digitalization of legal assistance - non-entrepreneurial activities is the establishment of a model of legal assistance of an attorney who observes the rights of the principal - both in terms of providing qualified assistance and in terms of the opportunities contained in electronic resources. As a result of the analysis of advocacy concluded the topic of applying digital technologies in advocacy is divided into two clusters - on the one hand, advocates should know what legal norms should be applied tomorrow to relations related to digital products as objects of civil rights and participate in creating adequate practice on this subject, on the other hand, to have skills in handling digital technology objects, to be able to use legal systems, and official Internet resources of the legislative, executive authorities, courts, specialized computer programs and databases.

Source code escrow has been successfully used in many countries for many years. However, it is still not implemented in Russia. This research is aimed at identifying the benefits and drawbacks of institution of source code escrow in order to consider the possibilities and prospects for its implementation into the legal frame of Russia. This paper compiles the principal arguments of the opponents of the said scheme presented in foreign materials that are duly assessed. The review of the legislation with regard to the possible use of source code escrow in Russia is presented.

The development of technological innovations has led to development in medicine of a new field - telemedicine. Worldwide, telemedicine has changed the quality of medical services. Every year the use of telemedicine technologies is growing. However, a number of scientists speak about its insufficient reliability and accuracy. But it cannot be denied that this technology helps simplify the administrative process, personal and material savings, provides a flexible workplace design, speeds up the entire treatment process and at the same time accelerates critical sub-processes (provision of information), provides a strategic competitive advantage for those involved. One of the positive effects of the use of telemedicine that is rarely spoken is the saving of funds not only of health organizations, but also of patients. Savings for patients consist of reducing transportation costs or wages for missing days at work. Health authorities can save money by reducing the costs of equipment for patient rooms, reducing the number of medical staff, which will reduce the cost of medical services. Expanding the scope of telemedicine and providing it at the expense of OMS will reduce costs for commercial enterprises. Telemedicine is a wide discussion topic. And today there is no single and universal definition of telemedicine. This also leads to other controversial issues, such as liability issues in the use of communication technologies in providing medical care.

The goal of the research is to analyze and systematize the main directions of counteracting to extremism among young people with the use of digital technologies. The authors analyze the threats of modern digital technologies and the opportunities they can provide for effective counteracting to the manifestations of extremism among young people. The work shows the directions of youth extremism prevention with the use of the latest digital technologies. The authors disclose the contents of digital information support for fighting against extremism; note that digitalization can contribute to the formation of citizenship, patriotic education of students. They assess the significance and role of such opportunities in the field of counteracting to extremism among young people. In the opinion of the authors IT-technologies can contribute to effective information support for counteracting to extremism among young people.

The study considers modern aspects of the digital economic development based on cryptocurrencies. The above problems are analyzed using qualitative and quantitative methods for assessing the use of cryptocurrencies in the national economy and in international relations. The study covers the period of 2013–2019. The author assesses the influence of positive and negative factors of international economic and financial cooperation. An analysis of the practice of applying digital currencies allowed justifying the need for urgent innovative solutions in the field of macro-prudential regulation of the cryptocurrency turnover. The gradual transition to a new model of economic growth implies a more intensive use of new digital technologies. The study presents debatable issues of the possibility and feasibility of using collective cryptocurrencies and illustrates the author’s position on the prospects and risks of using blockchain technologies and global digital currencies, which is a key issue in the international cooperation of countries. In the context of the global information space, the first steps to achieve a balance of currency relations and trade exchange are to develop national monetary systems based on national digital currencies and their gradual integration into the global currency system in the future.

Digital currency has become one of the most talked about products of digital financial technology. Today, the concept of digital currency is not developed even in theory. Only a small number of states expressed a desire to explore this financial asset, which does not reduce the relevance of digital as a new step in the global development of money. For this reason, the study considers the theoretical understanding of the concept of digital currency to determine its possible place in the economic and legal system of the state.

In the era of intensive development and growth of information technologies, new legal norms controlling legal relations when using new Internet technologies are formed. Moreover, digitization of economic relations accelerates the civilian turnover, and transactions are made much faster and more convenient for the parties. The forms of interaction between foreign counterparties are changing. The study considers current approaches that are used in Russia, the United States and the EU countries to determine the applicable law to legal relations when using the Internet. The author highlights restrictions on the choice of the applicable law in the states under consideration. On the basis of the studied approaches, their advantages and disadvantages, we can assume further trends in the norms of private international law.

The author considers the legal and economic nature of stablecoin, the development stages of low-volatility assets, describes the existing models of their implementation in the public and private sectors. Particular attention is paid to the assessment of legal risks of mono-secured and multi-secured cryptocurrency on the example of projects in Venezuela and Russia, as well as the possibility of using stablecoin for the development of the financial system and evasion from economic sanctions.