Knowledge Management in Organizations

Knowledge management became an important part of our economy far before than the actual term “knowledge management”. Many studies have been written about different aspects and viewpoints of knowledge management, however in this study we used a bibliometric mapping approach to determine the main research topics and the contexts in which they are employed. 10,599 information sources were retrieved from the Scopus bibliographical database using the search string “knowledge management” AND organization. Most information sources were published as conference papers or journal articles. The most productive period was from 2007 till 2011. United States, United Kingdom and China were the most productive countries. Four main research topics were identified: Education and healthcare, Techniques and systems, Knowledge management and Knowledge sharing. Chronologically, five periods emerged, namely: Infrastructural and organizational research, Technical issues and knowledge management systems in organizations, Enabling technologies, Practical applications of knowledge management in organizations, and Evaluation and validation of knowledge management practices.

In this short paper, we elaborate the concept of Cascading Modes of Communication (CMC) for knowledge creation in social media. Through a review of CMC and Multi-Stakeholder Learning Dialogue (MSLD), the 3 distinct dimensions of knowledge creation processes: the Epistemological, the Ontological and the Communicative, are posited as reference for the analysis of the processes. Each SECI process is framed as a conversion of knowledge along all 3 dimensions. The relationship of Expansive Learning and SECI cycles is then explored. Two previously discussed SECI processes: Boom-up and Slip-down are explained as phenomenon observed in boundary crossing. Furthermore, two new SECI processes symmetric to Boom-up and Slip-down are identified: Boil-Up and Percolate-down, pointing to the pervading tension between tacit-explicit, local-global, and consensus-dissensus knowledge conversion processes. This tension provides a theoretical explanation for the self-sustaining nature underling all knowledge creation process. Thus, the social media scaffold in CMC is to function as boundary objects created to bridge the stages of knowledge creation processes.

This conceptual paper sheds light on how analysts deal with the issue of unspoken or unconscious requirements that users might have with regards to Knowledge Management Systems (KMS). Current approaches to requirements elicitation of KMS tend to concentrate mainly on technical aspects, but they ignore human and social influences. How do analysts recognize requirements that users don’t or can’t tell them about? What approaches have been used and are there (if any) methods that have specifically been developed to identify such requirements? Are KM researchers and practitioners in the area of requirements elicitation aware of the ongoing research in the social and behavioural fields? The paper sheds light on how to improve the way analysts currently obtain requirements from stakeholders. These proposed Knowledge Management – Requirement Elicitation (KMRE) framework is a resource to elicit requirements regarding the human context of a system using a set of analytical techniques and knowledge from Activity Theory and Co-creation. The framework enables collaborative work between requirements engineers, who gather these inputs in the form of software requirements, social practitioners, who provide the knowledge and processes underlying these tools, and the stakeholders, who know the domain and intended application of the projects.

Both direct and indirect effects have been observed in the relationships between knowledge management processes. Previous attempts have examined only the static nature of these processes. We employ fuzzy cognitive map to show the dynamics in the relationships. The designed model enables concurrent simulation of both direct and indirect effects of knowledge processes on innovation activity. We also show that hyperbolic tangent activation function is the most appropriate one for the modelling of the intrinsic characteristics of knowledge processes. Our results suggest that the indirect effects (via knowledge creation) are stronger in the case of knowledge organization and knowledge acquisition, respectively. The performed sensitivity analysis supports the critical role of the process of knowledge creation.

Evaluating the performance of knowledge resources is not a simple task as it involves many aspects, some of which are bounded by uncertainties and indistinctness. These make it hard to judge or quantify knowledge resources numerically for measurement purposes. Furthermore, data collection for performance measurement seems to be another difficulty faced by many organizations. This paper proposed to measure the performance of knowledge resources using fuzzy logic to cope with the shortcomings of normal measurement methods. The feasibility of using fuzzy logic as an evaluation method was shown with a five-step guideline and an example computed using MATLAB version R2013a.

Comprehensive assessment tools to prioritize KM initiatives are critical for KM adoption. This paper aims to develop a hierarchical fuzzy TOPSIS model to rank KM initiatives in terms of their effect on often contradictory stakeholder objectives. The empirical case study of a medical supplier company demonstrates that this group multi-criteria decision making tool can effectively address both the uncertainty in KM assessment and the different effects of KM processes on individual stakeholder objectives. Thus, it may contribute to the successful KM implementation process.

Dynamically adapting business process to changing needs, and promptly reacting to events are today key factors to maintain competitiveness in the market. Business Process Management (BPM) is focusing today more and more on a BPM in the large approach to process changes that embrace all of the specific techniques and mechanisms needed to design, enact, execute and monitor processes and process-aware information systems. A novel and promising feature of BPM in the large is the ability to store, aggregate and combine this huge and very diverse amount of data that can enable new ways of analysing current operations and can deliver new business insights. The KITE.IT Project [

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] is aimed at facing such challenges in the context of the Italian aerospace industry, using and integrating Open Source tools exclusively. The project has recently deployed its initial open framework offering a robust data integration system in an open and scalable architecture. In such a context a metamodel approach was considered the very first base to design a system apt at integrating data originated from heterogeneous sources. The clear advantage that can be reached is the improvement of the speed and the effectiveness of business operations. The clear advantage, which can be reached, is the improvement of the effectiveness of business operations. This paper, in particular, presents the design process that was implemented in defining the KITE.IT Metrics Metamodel (KMM). A final evaluation of the framework, as it was initially deployed, is also reported.

The research investigates how the application of knowledge management and knowledge management initiatives is beneficial for franchises. How can an integrated model of knowledge Management be helpful for franchisor-franchisee-customer triad? The methodology applied is quantitative and franchises with KM and with KM were assessed to evaluate the effectiveness of KM for knowledge retention. The group of franchises with KM were further investigated to assess how the use of ICT, the role of information shared by Franchisee and the role of information shared by franchisor is helpful in better and effective management of franchise based organizations.

High levels of shared knowledge can positively influence outsourcing performance and the combination of processes designed to transfer explicit and tacit knowledge, has the most influence on the level of shared knowledge. Some organisations are unaware of the volume and value of knowledge it receives from various inter-organisational partnerships. Without appropriate strategies to facilitate the acquisition and assimilation of knowledge received at different points of contact between the client and vendor, the organisation may be unable to derive maximum benefits from such partnerships. However, little research has been done up to date on how organisations deal with managing knowledge in outsourcing situations. In an attempt to quantify knowledge transfer mechanisms, this paper focuses on the management of knowledge in a client-vendor knowledge transfer context. By considering the ways in which knowledge can be created and exploited for inter-organisational client-vendor situations, benefit may be realised across the whole IS outsourcing lifecycle.

Few empirical studies on the practical effectiveness of supply chain management (SCM) in Chinese corporations have been conducted. Given this situation, using the Chinese industry as the research target, the current status of SCM practice and its practical effectiveness in China are investigated herein based on the data analysis of well-designed questionnaires. The contribution level of SCM practice to corporate business performance is examined through the construction and estimation of structure equation models. The results of this empirical study could be used as a guidance for the SCM practice in the Chinese manufacturing industry in the future.

The research discusses the role on knowledge management on improved decision making skills of the managers and the business. Knowledge is considered as power and the present century has also been coined as the century of knowledge, all great nations are striving to develop a knowledge economy, these proves that knowledge management be a vital for organizations too. Access to knowledge at the right time is critical, it can help the managers make the right decision promptly and swiftly, especially when there is a lot of unneeded data or information overload.

This study investigates the relationship between KM enablers and the KM performance in the Malaysian public sector. Five main independent variables of KM enablers; organizational culture, organizational structure, technology, people and political influence were tested against KM performance using structural equation modeling (SEM). Five hypotheses were tested on the relationship between KM enablers and KM performance. The sampling population of this study was Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (NRE), Malaysia. The result confirmed that organizational culture, organizational structure, technology and people are the distinct constructs for KM enablers. The hypothesis testing indicates that there is a significant relationship between KM enablers and KM performance. The result indicates that Malaysian public sector should cultivate on KM enablers in order to implement effective KM.

The influence of national culture on knowledge sharing has important implications for all organizations. However, the existing frameworks only cover a subset of relevant factors or limit the research of the framework to either organizational or national level. Hence, a more encompassing framework is needed. The question this articles answers is how does national culture influence knowledge sharing. Based on extensive literature review and interviews carried out in Finland and Japan, this article sets forth a foundation for a new framework. The framework details how national culture influences individual level and organizational level factors and technical tools. Additionally, the framework includes a new dimension, time-dimension, which is usually disregarded in knowledge sharing research. For researchers and practitioners,

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he derived framework provides key insight on relevant factors on knowledge sharing and national culture. Finally, future research directions are discussed.

This research is a case study research that is trying to solve the problem of task conflict that arises within project teams among university students. The research tests the relationship between knowledge sharing climate within the university and conflict resolution styles. This research used interviews with 10 students to explore the research questions and another interview with the head of the quality assurance department in the university that is responsible about the quality of the educational process in the university. Some indicators on the need for such research were collected through the documentation of the university records which was published on its website. A survey also of 102 students revealed that there is positive relationship between the knowledge sharing climate and the middle and high levels of collaboration and assertiveness in solving task conflicts that arise among students’ team members. Avoidance which represents the lowest assertive and the lowest collaborative conflict solution is not related to the knowledge sharing climate at all in this research. This reflects that avoidance may lead to lack of learning unless it is related to dysfunctional conflicts. The research is an exploratory study for predicting the levels of collaboration and assertiveness in conflict resolution styles by the student’s perception of knowledge sharing culture.

It is a fact nowadays that knowledge is the number one resource of organizations, and having that knowledge managed and shared effectively gives the organization the competitive advantage over other organizations. Many oil and gas organizations believe that having a good system and environment for knowledge sharing will have a positive effect on the learning curves of both the individual and the organization. In this study the researchers test the relationship between knowledge sharing and employee development and address the key knowledge-sharing factors that might have a positive relationship with employee effectiveness and subsequently their development. An empirical study was carried out to investigate this relationship in two oil and gas companies in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). One hundred and fifty questionnaires were distributed in both companies. The questionnaire consisted of 46 items addressing four factors of knowledge sharing:

Organizational culture, Individual Communications skills, Procedural justice,

and

Supervision and feedback

. The dependent variable is

employee development

. Of the responses receive, 124 were valid to use. The analysis was undertaken using the statistical package of social science software (SPSS) and the results showed a positive relationship between the global variables (knowledge sharing and employee development), but surprisingly one knowledge-sharing factor – Individual Communications skills - showed no significant relationship with employee development. At the end of the paper the researchers address the limitations of the study and make some recommendations to organizations on how to improve knowledge sharing which should lead to employee development and accordingly give the organization a better competitive advantage. Finally the researchers suggest some directions for future research.

The relationship between corporate social responsibility and the firm’s financial performance is important topic for researchers. The primary aim of the research is to develop a new conceptual framework that will address the underlying relationships between corporate social responsibility and Financial Performance in the publicly listed companies in the UAE. The interaction effects between the components of corporate social responsibility and firm financial performance will be studies by responding to the main research question by way of a triangulation of research data within a mixed-method research paradigm that integrates both quantitative and qualitative methodology. The result of analysis should dictate whether or not a “Knowledge Gap” exists between the academic (theoretical) and the practical (applied) domains.

Management of innovation processes in company is the field of innovation management which is still not enough researched and applied in practice. Managers in companies often do not know about modern techniques and design tools for creating innovation processes and also as about the possibility of their effective usage for management and effective usage in decision-making conditions. The purpose of this paper is following a detailed analysis of literature and realized research to create a model of innovation processes management in the company. There are also identified the main fields of potential problems, which should be discussed by managers to achieve effective functioning. The solution of the questions researched within the article needs to use several methods depending on the character of particular parts of the solution.

Currently, organizations are aimed at developing, organizing, and using knowledge to create successful projects. Similarly, these organizations consider knowledge an important asset that collaborates in complying with the company’s strategic objectives and, hence, it is necessary to manage, control and maintain it. This article presents some knowledge management models that provide relevant factors for project management to suggest a model that avails of their strengths and best practices, to obtain satisfactory results based on experiences and learning identified.

The growing need for interoperability and the use of BIM (Building Information Modeling) within the AEC domain (Architecture, Engineering and Construction) is leading to the increased need for efficient knowledge management. In order to digitally manage and understand large volumes of information contained in construction works projects, the paper suggests a knowledge engineering approach with a common knowledge model. The new knowledge model (ontology) for AEC domain is presented and applied as a case study in a real construction project. As a result, a more effective knowledge management throughout the whole lifecycle of AEC projects is expected.

Part of the automating software testing procedure includes the automation of test cases. Automation can lower the cost and effort and at the same time can increase the quality of test cases and consequently the testing procedure. Many different approaches for test case generation are available: generation from code, formal methods and different models, among others also from UML diagrams, more precisely from UML activity diagrams. Researchers use different techniques, of which genetic programming (GP) is very popular and was used in our research. In the proposed approach we generated test cases from the UML activity diagram, from which we constructed the binary decision tree structure, which is used as an instance in the evolution process of GP. The default tree structure is used throughout the whole evolution process, only the content (the testing parameters) of the nodes changes. The process of evolution consists of several genetic operators, such as selection, crossover and mutation. The main novelty of our method is a different fitness function than we can find in existing literature. In contrast to related work where the coverage is used - we used the error occurrence for our metric. The proposed method is demonstrated on the example of an automated teller machine (ATM), where we show how the full automation of test case generation and testing is a major advantage of our method.

This article will discuss ongoing research about Information Quality (IQ). Raters evaluating various IQ dimensions (accuracy, completeness, objectivity…) of same object showed low agreement level, therefore making IQ not measurable. Increase of IQ measurability to sufficient level would present an opportunity for guidelines to replace information of low with high quality. Speculations why IQ dimensions are not measurable have been made but at the same time mechanisms that improve agreement level have been proposed by researchers for validation. Moreover context in which information is being evaluated has not been yet addressed by existing research. This article will describe and explain a study that aims to create a robust model that will validate and measure effect of three different IQ aspects. Although this article is still work in progress, current results regarding research construction and preliminary testing will be presented as well as future steps.

Manufacturers are using data obtained from sensors embedded in products to create innovative after-sales service offerings. Service offers companies significant opportunities to create and capture economic value. Firms are increasingly focusing on how they can deliver services that help their customers deliver value. Service providers are shifting from being ‘doers’ to becoming ‘problem solvers’, capable of orchestrating the delivery of complex services. ABC, a product manufacturing company is moving from a product manufacturer to a product-service system (PSS). However, the shift from a product to a PPS system is not trivial. This case study shows how the use of the product data analytics service (PDAS) model can help companies who are contemplating using Big Data to provide competitive services. Understanding what is happening in the shift to services is vital to the future success of all product companies.

The Airport Collaborative Decision Making (A-CDM) is a new paradigm of Air Traffic Management, which takes into account the preferences of Air Traffic Control (ATC) units and those of the airlines. This inherently leads to only satisfying the preferences of a limited number of stakeholders within the airport area. Using the matching approach for two-sided markets of Game Theory, Deferred Acceptance CDM (DA-CDM) developed an expansion of the philosophy of CDM and aggregated with the Ground Delay Program (GDP). In this paper we reformulate the DA-CDM model with a mathematic approved theory. We concentrated the manipulation of the politic mechanism in compression step of slot allocation in order to allow the user to include preferences of airport managers in addition to the ATC agents and airlines. This paper approved the stable manipulation in the DA-CDM process and also evaluated this manipulation by case study.

The way to boost the development of the regions has to do with making companies more competitive, in such a way that they can have access to the global market, this requires improving the traditional production processes, that’s why it is a must to find new productive sectors in consistent with changes in the dynamics of global demand for goods and services. The aim of this paper is to show the first steps to give formal processes supported by research which are supported by science, technology and innovation.

This research focuses on the companies that can offer goods and services classified as micro, small and medium-sized companies (also known by the acronym “MiPymes” [

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]), since these are the ones that have better chances of hitting directly to the society.

These companies require an accompaniment on the part of the state, in their different orders, so that their competitiveness can be improved on the basis of innovation, therefore, it is suggested that the process of observation of the environment will be followed by experts and with the help of a computational tool developed for this purpose called “technological monitoring system, multi-application”. Reference [

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], which makes it easy to do the diagnosis of the current status of the companies based on the measurement of the technological gap, this process is oriented to discover potential sectors, to modernize the traditional or reject those that lose their validity, in order to improve the quality of the products or services offered, improve the efficiency of production processes and increase the competitiveness of companies.

Although it is true there are many software tools for technology monitoring processes, this is a system that has the ability to offer a free service to small businesses that do not have resources to pay for such studies. It is intended that the system is used by State institutions, as a free public service to support “MiPymes” [

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] as part of a Public Policy.

This paper presents a new perspective on the evaluation of the contribution of high-tech industries. Standard macroeconomic indicators are not used in the evaluation, but rather the influence and importance of high-tech industries are analysed with the help of their spillover effects and the ability to create innovations. These are difficult to measure effects which significantly affect other businesses. Likewise, these high-tech industries are affected by the very businesses they work with. This paper presents evidence that if high-tech industries do not cooperate with other businesses and acquire their information only from internal sources, the result will be the creation of the smallest spillover effects. In the event, collaboration with universities and research institutions creates the greatest indirect effects. Furthermore, it was found that the most direct influence on innovative activities is information obtained on current markets. The paper presents evidence that drawing government aid or aid from EU funds has no effect on the creation of knowledge spillover effects in high-tech industries.

Indigenous knowledge plays a pivotal socioeconomic development role in indigenous communities. In Kenya, one of the economic sectors where indigenous knowledge can be applied is tourism which is among the country’s major income earners besides tea and horticulture. This study investigated the potential and the actual use of indigenous knowledge in leveraging the other efforts being made to develop and cushion tourism in Kenya.

The study was designed as a survey to capture the current status of the application of indigenous knowledge in the tourism sector in Kenya. Primary data was collected through key informant interviews with tourism industry stakeholders in the country. 56 participants in the study were selected through a mix of stratified, purposive and snowballing sampling techniques. The interviews were conducted using semi-structured questionnaires administered by the researcher. Secondary data on indigenous knowledge in Kenya, indigenous tourism as well as tourism sector statistics was collected through documentary analysis. The data was analysed using content analysis.

The findings of the study indicate that although indigenous tourism holds a great socioeconomic potential in Kenya, it has not been harnessed fully. Its potential is still being held back by myriad challenges such as lack of relevant business development skills; lack of adequate capital to develop and promote indigenous tourism products, services and facilities; remoteness of indigenous tourism sites; insecurity; poor infrastructure; modernisation; environmental degradation and consequences of climate change; stiff competition; and intra or inter-ethnic resource-based conflicts. The findings can be used by the Government of Kenya to mainstream indigenous knowledge into tourism by developing the requisite policies, structures and implementation frameworks. The findings may also be used by the tourism sector stakeholders in Kenya to identify, enhance, package and promote indigenous tourism products, services and facilities effectively.

This paper focuses on understanding the problem of brain drain and identifies crucial activities which must be done in order to successfully reintegrate Slovak researchers. This reintegration process should lead to valuable knowledge sharing, R&D development, educating next generation of excellent researchers as well as increased economic growth. R&D does not relate only to universities but also companies which want to be innovative. Therefore, we focus our research on companies that has R&D department and may be willing to reintegrate returnees working at any research institutions or universities. Based on the knowledge gained from our research conducted in research institutions in Slovakia and best practices from Israel we proposed recommendations (on national, regional and company level) to create systematic approach to reintegration process. These recommendations can significantly affect attitude of researchers towards moving back to Slovakia and bringing the potential value associated with their international mobility to companies.

Management and decision-making in modern companies currently significantly affect information collected and distributed to managers through a variety of information and communication technology (ICT). The amount of information is growing due to modern technologies, their constant development and improvement in companies. This large amount of information companies has to be processed and therefore complex information systems such as Business Intelligence system are used more often. These systems are designed to support deciding of leading workers in the company. They are very difficult and expensive with regard to information infrastructure, technical equipment and staff of the company. To ensure efficient use of these expensive systems it is essential to provide constant mapping and implementing the new trends in the development and use of the systems. This paper describes the possibility of improving efficiency within business intelligence systems in companies.

The word Big Data is commonly used and it is not new today. Large, medium and small companies are starting to use Big Data to obtain their customers insight in order to serve them in a better way. The use of Big Data has become quite a crucial way for businesses to compete with their competitors. Also not only companies gain from the value of Big Data, it is also the customer’s hugely benefit from its usage. In association with Big Data’s real time information, which is one of the most heavily used application of personal and location data. As there is a significant growth in the use of smart phones and the use of GPS services from the phones and other devices, the use of smart traffic routing will definitely grow and in turn it will hugely benefit the customers. Big Data is not a single packaged technology, it is in general a platform consists of usage of various components to achieve a common goal. There are plenty of components available in the market for the businesses to customise their Big Data platform. The utilization of Big Data is becoming more and more essential to businesses and it is even more important for them to adopt the right Big Data platform to accomplish their goals. The main aim of this study is to propose a framework for building a Big Data platform for publishing industry. The proposed framework was validated in an UK based news publishing organisation to find out the suitability and adoptability of the framework for their Big Data platform.

Cloud Computing is one of the most important developments in the field of information technology. This new kind of service delivery also offers innovative opportunities for office suites usually called Office 2.0. Those tools allow users to access their data and documents anytime and anywhere, as long as an internet connection is available. Due to the internet-based design these tools can be used on almost any device which has a browser installed.

In the first section, the theoretical basis for cloud-based office suites is discussed. The second part presents the results of an empirical survey conducted by the authors and explores the attitudes and feelings towards usability and security of those tools. An experimental setting was used to gather data from the participants. Google Docs was selected to conduct the experiment.

This paper builds up a database management system to manage algorithm components, where a component is consisted of its method to describe the basic information of the component and its software including the source code and executable program. Software and its method could be revised from time to time during the history of using. User may want to check the old version of a component. So it is necessary to keep the record of different versions of components in the database management system, as well as building up their correlations in between. Also, an algorithm component may have different versions when applied to different applications, but the core algorithms are the same. So, it is also very necessary to manage different versions of the same algorithm. However, no existing work has done similar work to manage the data in a database system. This paper applies version control system to manage the changes of different versions of methods and software, so that users can easily check the information of previous versions, or recover a component to a previous version. In the end, this paper also provides a prototype of the proposed database system.

This paper focuses on analyzing how to improve the HBase non RowKey’s query and designing an approach to improve its performance. Analyzing and summarizing the advantages and disadvantages of index technology applied in typical application scenarios, we design a secondary index approach for HBase based on the pre-partition. Through experiments, we found this method can effectively improve the query performance of HBase on non RowKey column, have little effect on the performance of the original data writing and reduce data redundancy. Compared with other methods, this approach has certain performance advantages.

Technologies and concepts of Web 2.0 are strongly present in everyday life and also in business environments, where they are increasingly involved into business activities which constitute business processes. Combining the management of Web 2.0 and business processes resulted in social BPM, which is one of the most promising fields in the software industry. Social BPM tries to create knowledge in business environments and manage it efficiently. In this contribution, some key features are presented. We particularly exposed strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of social BPM.

Social media is becoming imperative in today’s Internet world. A real case study of a company’s social media strategies was presented, so as to understand the importance of social media in marketing management. The present study, therefore, is an exploratory attempt to analyze the company’s social media strategies and their corresponding marketing impact. The collaborative processes of action research, where content analysis explains reflections on the lived marketing experience in Facebook, develops knowledge of complicated consumer behavior, such as customer engagement in social media.

One of the products of the information society is an excessive amount of information generated by mankind, and consequently the ways to search, use, process, present and store this information. We can consider entering a keyword to search engine/search tool as a most common way of searching for information. The user consequently expects simple decision-making process when selecting an object from a found set of records. The main factor influencing the popularity and reusability of particular tool or service is interpretation of content of search results as well as form of their presentation. Libraries are still key sources of information as they make the database objects available (printed and electronic) through website and mobile applications. To search for objects they use online public access catalog (OPAC) that allows users to search and order objects from any computer or mobile device connected to the Internet. This study focuses on obtaining the most desirable bibliographic elements of users and subsequently on identifying actually provided number of keywords in the Slovak library. As this number was completely insufficient in decision-making process when selecting an object by user we design and test the possibility of using text mining to obtain keywords appropriate for filling the database in online public access catalog. Consequently, we compare these generated keywords with the real metadata elements in the Slovak Library database and identify the percentage of their conformity. Based on the results of the study we recommend creating algorithm by the specialists in the field of library and information science. This algorithm will assign a weight to individual words, for example according to their location within a document (title of the publication, chapter title, abstract, document text) and thus create keywords (the meta-data elements) in the database of online public access catalog.

The bibliometric technics allow us to illustrate aspects of interpretation of data obtained through data bases that are focus in science spreading, which offers an aggregated value to researchers. In this article, we explore the importance of such obtained information from articles’ query; in this particular case study the Internet of Things (IoT). The obtained and preprocessed metadata is used to feed the decision tree classification (J48) algorythms, as a result of the training stage, we generated a decision tree/classification where the subjects of research are visualized within a four year time frame. The construction of this classification tree is based in entropy, thus, the order or disorder in which the subjects of research can be interpreted within a level of relevancy in the time frame mentioned. We conceived the visualization and interpretation as the state of the art for the subjects addressed for a particular case, which help researchers to infer tendencies within specific subjects of research.

Business and IT systems are facing increasingly complex environments characterized by collaboration, change and variety of customers, suppliers and products. Appling group storytelling technique can contribute to the organization knowledge management. It brings benefits from capture to disseminating information, through communication and understanding of the concepts. American companies (3M and Apple), Japanese (Sony and Toshiba) and European (ClubMed and Océ) already use this approach in practice. On the other hand, the Ontology Engineering can contribute towards improving the quality of information and offer a solution to address knowledge management systematically. However, the specification and manually made of ontology management can be expensive, tedious, biased and pruned to error. Aiming to contribute with the management and quality of information, we explore the automatic learning of ontologies, which is an approach that extracts ontologies from data, both structured and unstructured (text). This work presents a proposal to extract an ontology from the tacit knowledge of those involved in the field. An exploratory study was able to get an ontology automatically from stories told by a group from a university department.

New technologies are promising us many upsides like enhanced health, convenience, productivity, safety, and more useful data, information and knowledge for people and organizations. The potential downsides are challenges to personal privacy, over-hyped expectations, increasing technological complexity that boggles us. Our point is this change requires scientific discussion from the point of management, leadership and organizations – that is, it is time to discuss the meaning of these challenges seriously also in terms of existing traditions of management science. This review type article discusses the nature and role of the Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data and other key technological waves of ubiquitous revolution vis-á-vis the existing knowledge on management, organizations and knowledge management practices in organizations. Recent changes in the fields of robotics, artificial intelligence and automation technology indicate that all kinds of intelligence and smartness are increasing and organizational cultures are going to change indicating fast changes in the field of modern management and management sciences. Organizational processes form the base for the knowledge-based decision-making. Developing and utilizing smart solutions – like the utilization of Big Data – emphasize the importance of open system thinking. Digitalized services can for instance create new interfaces between service providers and users. Service users create social value while they are participating in co-producing activities. Hence, the IoT and Big Data undoubtedly strengthen the role of participation in service production, service economy, innovativeness in-between organizations (as a joint processes) and leadership models incorporated in service-dominant –logic. Moreover, IoT, Big Data, and especially digitalization bring about the renaissance of knowledge in decision-making.

At organizational level, smart organizations do no rely on knowledge production, but focus on knowledge integration instead. Knowledge integration becomes a key part of management systems. This also means that seminal theories with regard to decision-making and knowledge management do not suffice anymore. At organizational level there is a growing need to develop abilities to act in changing, not easy to forecasted and non-linear situations due to the complexity related to utilization and developing digitalization. Authentic and clinical leadership involves components such as awareness, unbiased processing, action, and relations. IoT and Big Data certainly effect organizations. The connection between IoT, Big Data, management systems as well as knowledge management practices at organizational level has not been analysed thoroughly in the KMO theories or empirically so far. In this scientific article this task and challenge will be performed.

This paper shows the implementation of Knowledge Management as a tool to get the best of technologies for home electric management through a domotics prototype that controls a light remotely in real time and according to user needs, which was designed and developed focused on the concept Internet of Things. An analysis of the prototype operation and its integration with Knowledge Management is performed for the user who employs it, proposing a diagram of knowledge focused on the axes: externalization, combination, internalization and socialization. In the diagram, the processes are linked to generate knowledge and facilitate attachment with information and communication technologies focused on housing. In this way, the use of smart technologies together with Knowledge Management, and the incorporation of social and cultural variables facilitates the implementation of Home Energy Management Systems.

The Logistics monitoring system is one of the boons of technology innovations and cater to the fields of freight management, fleet management, workforce management and trip automation. The limited power supply of the batteries is the key concern in Wireless Sensor Network even with the alternate energy sources. The energy dissipation model of all the sensors are not the same as some of the routes have more traffic and some of the nodes play the vital role of cluster head. It is necessary to manage the energy of nodes and all the operations are to be energy-aware, to extend the lifetime of the Network. This paper discusses about a lifetime model with the energy dissipation method to predict the life of nodes and tune the algorithms accordingly, so that the entire Logistic system can be autonomous and self managed. The knowledge representation and application of knowledge both are equally important, the trend on energy-dissipation-knowledge and the trend on network-communication operation-knowledge, based on the mathematical model of the network, energy dissipation and prediction of the lifetime of the sensors in logistics domain are considered in this paper.

This study examines the effects of changes in LED lighting on a subject’s work environment by varying the characteristics of LED light provided to an experimental work environment while subjects complete an error correcting activity. The study configured a variety of lighting environments using an LED lighting control system, through which the control of pulse width modulation (PWM) and illuminance can be conducted. For the indoor environment of the test bed, the comfort index in winter recommended by ASHRAE Standard is applied. The nine types of lighting environment are configured, according to PWM and illuminance. Concerning the configured lighting environment, the PWM ratio is set as R:G:B = 1:1:1, R:G:B = 4:1:5, R:G:B = 8:7:7, and illuminance is set as 400 lx, 700 lx, 1000 lx. This study also analyzes the change of subject concentration levels through real time measurement of brainwaves, while the error search and correction is carried out in the suggested lighting environment. This was analyzed through relative SMR analysis. The experiment did not find significant differences in concentration levels resulting from the different lighting conditions.

Building the internet of the future is on its way with the help of the Internet of Things. In order to benefit from the Internet of Things, first a smart environment has to be created. On the other hand, global trend of thinking is that we are moving towards a green future in which mankind will be more aware of its impact on the environment. This trend has started to significantly affect all of us, as well as companies, IT departments and faculties. This paper is a case study that discusses the energy efficiency of Internet of Things, and suggests introduction of an action plan for achieving sustain-ability objectives in a faculty environment. In the second and third chapter of the paper, the main questions of the case study are answered: Why care about the environment and what the advantages of Internet of Things are? Furthermore, in the fourth chapter, is described the way of connecting these two topics. In the fifth chapter, the plan and the systems that can be developed within the Internet of Things are presented. In the fifth chapter is presented the plan and the systems that can be developed within the Internet of Things. The paper concludes with the research challenges that hinder broader introduction of the concept of greener Internet of Things.

This paper studies the problem of DoS attacks in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) security threat. Considering the Path-based DoS (PDoS) attack, this paper proposes a PDoS attack detection algorithm based on outlier mining in clustering (PDADBC). First, we give the definition of outliers under the background of PDoS attack of WSNs. The proposed PDADBC mainly include two periods, the first one is data pre-processing, in which the two-dimensional data are normalized to ensure the outlier detection in the following period more efficiency and accurate. After data pre-processing, the second period will perform the outlier detection algorithm, which is based on the improved DBSCAN (Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise) algorithm. The simulation results show that the proposed detection algorithm can effectively detect the PDoS attack.

Wireless Sensor Network in which nodes are mobile can be defined as MWSN (Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks). MWSNs are a budding field of research in contrast to their well-established ancestor. It consists of a variety of sensing elements deployed indiscriminately and at enormous scale. This can build a huge variety of redundant sensory information. Transmission of such redundant data saturates network resources and it additionally consumes nodes energy. Data aggregation is the process of reducing the amount of packets to be sent to sink to increase the life time of MWSN. Path and location of the nodes are changing frequently in mobile WSN. So Swarm intelligence (group behaviour) is needed for the communication as well as on data collection, Query publication and intrusion detection. To operate MWSNs in a secure way, intrusions should be detected before attackers can harm the network. Intrusion can also occur in multiple layers of MWSN so continuous investigation of aggregated data to be needed. Proposed work is for SIDI (Swarm Intelligence based Data aggregation for Intruder detection) raising the energy efficiency of a network. Simulation results indicate that this operation practically will increase the network lifetime.

There have been a large number of researches on mobile networks in the literature, focusing on a variety of secured applications over the network, including the use of their connections, fake identification and attacks on social group. These applications are created for the intention to collect confidential information, money laundering, blackmailing and to perform other crime activity. The purpose of this research is to identify the behavior of the honest node (network account) and fake node (network account) on mobile social network.

In this research, the behavior survey of these nodes is carried out and further analysed with the help of graph-based Sybil detection system. This paper particularly studies Sybil attacks and its defense system for IoT (Internet-of-Things) environment. To be implied, the identification of each forged Sybil node is to be tracked on the basis of nodes connectivity and their timing of connectivity as well as frequency among each other. Sybil node has a forged identity in different locations and also reports its virtual location information to servers.

This article contains a description of Internet of things, the principles on which it is based, the elements and technologies available to achieve communication between people and objects and applications that have been developed in different areas and demonstrating the importance of the implementation of this current. Also there describes a monitoring prototype developed under the frame of the Internet of Things and implemented through the micro computer Raspberry Pi, a cloud storage server and a mobile device.

The Internet of Things (IoT) plays a significant role in a broad range of healthcare applications. However, so far this effort is mainly restricted to actual patients actively undergoing treatment. From the perspective of IoT, these kinds of efforts should spread to the preventive activity of healthy people in the not-so-distant future. Healthy people, whose population is much larger than patients, presumably have various latent needs or wants for an IoT-driven healthcare system, compared with the actual patients. Discerning the real needs from the latent needs of healthy people for preventive care is the key to build up an innovative and favorable IoT-based system. This research tackled this problem from the product device side. We utilized multiple analyses including cluster analysis, graphical modeling, and text-mining, in order to extract from survey data real and useful consumer needs, which can be expected to propel the innovation of health-related home electronics. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by a case study using practical questionnaire data, while selecting a blood-pressure monitor and a sleep monitor as case study examples.

With fast development of smart sensor devices and mobile applications, all different kinds of information related to humans can be founded on the Internet that can be seen as a universal data repository or called Web of Data. Health or healthcare related data are not exceptional in the Web of Data age. The most important and valuable data comes from IoT such as sensors and mobile activity tracking applications to support developing self-health risk detection and management applications. This paper presents a comprehensive ontology driven knowledge discovery framework in personal health domain, which aims to reason and discover health knowledge from various data sources of IoT. The framework contains a sensor oriented Personal Wellness Knowledge Ontology and data integration architecture to complete a whole lifecycle of health knowledge detecting and reasoning path. In addition, a cloud computing based parallel semantic lifting algorithm is described for illustrating the semantic data generation process in detail.

Association rule mining(ARM) techniques search for groups of frequently co-occurring items (i.e., frequent itemset) in a market-basket transaction database and convert these groups into business-oriented rules. The problem of ARM will gain momentum when it is attached with the time of transaction. High utility itemset mining is a research area of utility based data mining, aimed at finding itemsets that contribute most to the total utility. The association of time and utility on frequent itemsets gives a novel approach to efficiently capture the transactions for getting better predictions and planning for an enterprise. Previous research has focused mainly on how to obtain exhaustive lists of association rules. However, users often prefer a quick response to targeted queries. To accelerate the processing of such queries, a query-driven system called TD-FVAUFM (Time-Dependent Fast Value Added Utility Frequent Mining) is proposed in this paper. It performs data preprocessing steps on the given database and the resultant database is converted in the form of an

itemset tree

, a compact data structure suitable for query response. The proposed system is applied on a medical database containing patient’s records. It generates association rules that predict possible diseases with risk factor and frequency with respect to time. Experiments indicate that the targeted queries are answered in a time that is roughly linear in the number of transactions.

Despite the high level of births in Dubai, there are a low number of cord blood donations at ABC- Cord Blood center. A survey was conducted to identify the problem. The survey shows that a lack of knowledge is one of the major barriers that stopped expectant mothers from donating their baby’s umbilical cord blood. Knowledge sharing is vital to promote awareness among expectant mothers about the importance of cord blood stem cells which in return will increase number of cord blood donations in the center. This paper describes new approach using a change management model HSE (Health Services Executive) to promote knowledge sharing and awareness among expectant mothers. The number of collected private and public cord blood units has increased significantly by 57 % and 300 % respectively which demonstrated the effectiveness of change management in promoting knowledge awareness and knowledge sharing.

In recent years, prediction of 30-day hospital readmission risk received increased interest in the area of Healthcare Predictive Analytics because of high human and financial impact. However, lack of data, high class and feature imbalance, and sparsity of the data make this task so challenging that most of the efforts to produce accurate data-driven readmission predictive models failed. We address these problems by proposing a novel method for generation of virtual examples that exploits synergetic effect of data driven models and domain knowledge by integrating qualitative knowledge and available data as complementary information sources. Domain knowledge, presented in the form of ICD-9 hierarchy of diagnoses, is used to characterize rare or unseen co-morbidities, which presumably have similar outcome according to ICD-9 hierarchy. We evaluate the proposed method on 66,994 pediatric hospital discharge records from California, State Inpatient Databases (SID), Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) in the period from 2009 to 2011, and show improved prediction of 30-day hospital readmission accuracy compared to state-of-the-art alternative methods. We attribute the improvement obtained by the proposed method to the fact that rare diseases have high percentage of readmission, and models based entirely on data usually fail to detect this qualitative information.

One of the strategies to enhance patient safety due to medical errors is through the use of Hospital Information Systems (HIS). However, previous studies have revealed that its usage introduces new class of errors called technology-induced errors. These errors occurred when HIS is poorly designed, implemented or used. The antecedents of HIS related errors originated from various factors. It is essential to ascertain the root cause for safe use of HIS in order to reduce the technology-induced errors. Hence, this preliminary study is aimed to explore and identify the antecedents towards safety use of HIS. Semi-structured interviews were conducted at a teaching university hospital, a government hospital, and the Malaysian Ministry of Health from May till July 2014. Six respondents who are experienced HIS users, and also involved in the development of HIS were individually interviewed. Six themes emerged from the semi-structured interviews. This study adds knowledge to HIS research by considering sociotechnical aspect of safety HIS usage.

Contemporary information and communication technology is accelerating development of new and innovative ways for disseminating and sharing health information and knowledge between different healthcare institutions and users. Lately, several initiatives and technology innovations were introduced in the field of medical informatics. Researchers and practitioners are investing a lot of time and effort in research and development of standards for interoperable healthcare knowledge delivery and efficient healthcare KM. There are several challenges related to the healthcare KM that have to be addressed such as complexity and interoperability of healthcare information systems, impact of medical errors, patients’ data security, etc. In this paper, a case of integration of the RIS/PACS system with existing information systems in health centre Velenje is presented. Additionally, implementation of the teleradiology is presented together with an analysis of its impact on the radiology practice and cost savings.

The knowledge management and its intellectual capital is fundamental in the university organizations where little has been implemented. The objective of this article is to keep on contributing with a proposal of measurement of the intellectual capital, from the knowledge concept, the knowledge management to its relationship with the intellectual capital in a university context by a bibliographical review. In the same way, it is explained how the intellectual capital is constituted by different types of capital which are interrelated. At the same way, the intellectual capital is presented with its elements and variables. Later, the mathematical equations are formulated for different types of capital, at the same way, a simulation is applied, an analysis is done by means of some of the main components. Finally, it is suggested the improvements of the intellectual capital, in order to optimize the knowledge management, in a university atmosphere.

The introduction of ePortfolio by most universities circa 2006 was to respond to stakeholders claims and demands that graduates were lacking in generic skills. Hence the main objective of the usage of eP among undergraduates was to document their acquirement of generic skills. One such project in Malaysia however did not achieve much success. The authors believe that the process of acquiring generic skills by students is the fundamental step for a student to build his/her very own social capital. This paper attempts to examine the failed system from the perspective of Social Capital theory and knowledge management (SCKM). The examination considered both the dimensions of social capital and the processes of knowledge management. The analysis revealed that the system lacked some fundamental elements of social capital in its development as well as during its roll-out. This leads the paper to offer some design and implementation suggestions for other similar undertakings.

Cooperation is crucial for organizations in order to remain competitive. However, not all cooperative activities companies, universities or science parks do are successful. It always needs to be a win-win partnership for both parties. For cooperation to be successful, it is important to effectively use available resources and technologies. This paper investigates the cooperative activities in the University Science Park of the University of Žilina in Slovakia. The study shows that University Science Park failed in its cooperative activities due to several reasons. Therefore the purpose of this paper is to analyze the current cooperative activities of the University Science Park in Žilina as well as propose future activities towards improved cooperation in order to ensure its further successful operation. A matrix based on the cooperative principles was proposed.

The management system at Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas has not allowed the achievement of the strategic objectives set in the Strategic Development Plan 2008-2016 “High Impact Knowledge, Expertise and Research for the Human and Social Development”. The lack of articulation of the already defined strategy, along with the activities developed by the different units, require the reformulation of a system that allows the execution and assessment of the results in terms of the University’s mission statement. The implementation of the Hoshin Kanri Management System, based on the Deming cycle (planning, do, verify, and act) shall guarantee that upon a long-term plan, the objectives of the University’s top management are articulated with objectives at a lower hierarchical level through a cascade deployment process, so that actions merge with the strategy and the results will consolidate a high-impact University focused on research to solve the problems of the city-region of Bogotá and the country itself.

Universities in Kenya have invested in library services and resources to support their teaching and learning activities. However, these resources are not used adequately leading some universities to develop partnership programmes with students, known as knowledge ambassadors, to educate their peers about library resources and services available in their institutions. This study sought to describe the concept of knowledge ambassadors from a knowledge management perspective; investigate where and how it has been deployed in universities in Kenya; analyse how effective knowledge ambassador programmes in Kenyan universities have been; identify the challenges affecting its effective use for tacit knowledge creation and sharing; and propose strategies which can be used by academic institutions in Kenya to enhance the effectiveness of their knowledge ambassador programmes.

Primary data was collected through interviews with knowledge ambassadors and librarians selected through information-oriented purposive sampling from four public universities in Kenya. The findings indicate that eight private and public universities in Kenya have launched knowledge ambassador programmes. The benefits of the programmes include increased usage of the information resources by users in the institutions as well as deepened user participation in the design, development and deployment of library services and products. The findings also revealed that the impact of the programmes is hampered by time constraints; misconception about the expectations of the ambassadors; inadequate infrastructure; and inadequate funding. These findings can be used by universities in Kenya to develop policy frameworks which leverage the impact of knowledge ambassador programmes on tacit knowledge creation, validation, sharing and use.

Operating in a knowledge-based economy requires a wide range of additional skills and competences. An important part in the transfer of new skills and competences to the labor marker influence the design of courses offered at higher education institutions. To support students’ professional career development, the content of the courses should constantly be aligned with new skills and competences required by the economy. In this paper we will present our research on the content of knowledge management-related courses. During our research we gathered a list of knowledge topics from the domain of knowledge management introduced within knowledge management-related courses, which enjoy greater support in the academic sphere at engineering-oriented higher education institutions. This research looked at the content of 41 knowledge management-related courses offered at 79 higher education institutions in 21 countries in the European Union.