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2021 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Solid Acid-Catalyzed Esterification of Levulinic Acid for Production of Value-Added Chemicals

verfasst von : Kalpana C. Maheria, Aayushi Lodhi, Henilkumar Lankapati, Rishav Krishna

Erschienen in: Catalysis for Clean Energy and Environmental Sustainability

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

In view of the growing threat of climate change, there is a need to put intense research efforts to reverse global warming effects. Use of inexpensive and abundantly available lignocellulose as a carbon source for reducing societal dependence on fossil fuels and anthropogenic CO₂ emissions is vital in the current scenario. There is a need to emphasize on gradual shift from petroleum-based technologies toward renewable feedstock-based technologies for value-added chemical synthesis. Catalytic conversion of low-cost biomass into diversified industrially significant platform chemicals is of great research interest. Lignocellulose-derived levulinic acid (LA) is increasingly gaining attention among industrialists and academicians owing to its useful properties and potential industrial applications. Notable chemicals that are synthesized/derived from LA include levulinate esters, γ-valerolactone, acrylic acid, 1,4-pentanediol, β-acetylacrylic acid, α-angelica lactone, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, δ-aminolevulinic acid, etc. Among these, levulinate esters find useful applications as plasticizing agents, fragrance chemicals, solvents, intermediates in organic process industries, oxygenate additives in fuels, etc. Levulinate esters are generally obtained by esterification reaction in the presence of suitable acid catalysts, either in homogeneous (liquid acid) and heterogeneous (solid acid) medium. The solid acid catalysts are mostly favored over liquid acids to avoid issues related to handling, separation, regeneration, and disposal due to the corrosive and toxic nature of liquid acids. This chapter presents a brief account on several value-added chemicals that are derived from LA and discussion on homogeneously and heterogeneously catalyzed esterification reaction of LA to yield various valuable levulinate esters. Zeolite-/mesozeolite-catalyzed esterification of LA to synthesize n-butyl levulinate and pentyl levulinate has been covered in detail. Zeolites as a heterogeneous catalyst are important in the development of cleaner technologies. This effort will serve as an aid for industrialists and academicians who are working in the area of conceptualizing LA biorefineries.

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Titel: Solid Acid-Catalyzed Esterification of Levulinic Acid for Production of Value-Added Chemicals
verfasst von: Kalpana C. Maheria
Aayushi Lodhi
Henilkumar Lankapati
Rishav Krishna
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Buch: Catalysis for Clean Energy and Environmental Sustainability
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-65016-2

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-65017-9

Copyright-Jahr: 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65017-9_12